Basic and Applied Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Rear-edge populations of an endemic alpine daisy are most impacted by invasive sambar deer, even with targeted feral animal control","authors":"John W. Morgan ,&nbsp;Zac C. Walker","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Management of endangered species requires that threats to their persistence are identified and then mitigated. We document how an invasive ungulate that has recently and rapidly colonised Australian high mountain vegetation, sambar deer (<em>Rusa unicolor</em>), impacts a highly palatable endemic alpine daisy (<em>Celmisia sericophylla</em>, silky snow daisy). Further, we assess the effectiveness that lethal control conducted across the landscape, as part of a program for reducing deer numbers, has had on minimising impacts to the threatened daisy. We quantified the impact of deer at 57 <em>Celmisia</em> populations in relation to landscape context and herbivore control intensity by the land manager. Despite sustained lethal control being conducted across the landscape, we detected spatial differences in ongoing sambar deer impacts on the threatened species. Evidence of sambar deer were detected at 46 % of <em>Celmisia</em> populations sampled, and we found that rear-edge populations - nearest the treeline - were at highest risk of being occupied relative to populations further from the treeline. Activity of sambar deer at occupied <em>Celmisia</em> populations ranged from low level browsing of foliage and/or flowers (at 25 % of sites) to severe trampling and browsing; 5 % of sites). The probability of deer occupancy was higher with an increasing number of deer controlled with 1 km of <em>Celmisia</em> populations. This points to an ongoing and potentially predictable dispersal of deer into the alpine zone from subalpine forests, with such movements negatively affecting <em>Celmisia</em> populations nearest the invasion pathways, despite ongoing lethal control. Given the limited capacity of the broader deer control program to eliminate activity nearest the rear-edge populations, we recommend that landscape-scale sambar deer management needs to ramp-up in frequency and/or intensity, targeting alpine treelines, where most occupancy of <em>Celmisia</em> populations are currently being observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 113-119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status and trends of Germany’s urban biodiversity: A nationwide assessment and identified knowledge gaps","authors":"Thilo Wellmann ,&nbsp;Sonja Knapp ,&nbsp;Christian Albert ,&nbsp;Monika Egerer ,&nbsp;Leonie K. Fischer ,&nbsp;Josef Kaiser ,&nbsp;Stephanie Kramer-Schadt ,&nbsp;André Mascarenhas ,&nbsp;Christian Ristok ,&nbsp;Maria Sporbert ,&nbsp;Tanja M. Straka ,&nbsp;Michael W. Strohbach ,&nbsp;Christoph Bleidorn ,&nbsp;Jori Maylin Marx ,&nbsp;Willi E.R. Xylander ,&nbsp;Peter Keil ,&nbsp;Dagmar Haase","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Knowledge on the status and trends of biodiversity in urban areas is scattered and biased towards a few taxonomic groups, despite the fact that cities are where most humans get in touch with nature today. As part of the German Biodiversity Assessment (‘Faktencheck Artenvielfalt’), we conducted a nationwide review of published studies that recorded species occurrences in urban areas in Germany. We found that urban areas can host a large proportion of all plant, animal, and fungal species found in Germany, thus contributing to the nationwide conservation of biodiversity. However, compared to other habitat types outside of cities, the number of studies analysing the status and trends of urban biodiversity is relatively small. We could not identify a general trend over time for species diversity in German cities, based on the available studies. Even within individual species groups, there are combinations of declining, positive, and/or neutral trends. Information on population trends remains limited. Similarly, evidence of whether urbanisation promotes the homogenisation or differentiation of species groups is weak, with those groups investigated more thoroughly showing mixed patterns. With regard to biodiversity promotion, preserving the environmental heterogeneity that contributes to biodiversity is important, such as the maintenance of various habitat types (forests, parks, gardens, ponds, streams, etc.) that offer various food and nesting resources. Hence, the proportion of built-up impervious areas must remain limited, i.e. must not increase, and additional measures to promote biodiversity must be implemented. However, local authorities are largely ill-equipped to systematically monitor species occurrence across the variety of habitat types, or elements of green-blue infrastructure and taxonomic groups in cities. We discuss these findings, considering international urban biodiversity assessments and suggest key attributes of an effective national monitoring system to support urban biodiversity conservation and enhancement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145360432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tillage regime shapes ground beetle distribution and their potential for weed control under drought conditions","authors":"Francesco Lami ,&nbsp;Francesco Boscutti ,&nbsp;Giacomo Santoiemma ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Marini","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tillage affects soil invertebrates such as ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with potential repercussions on the pest and weed control services they provide. Knowledge about the effects of tillage on weed control through seed predation is particularly important in the context of climate change-induced drought, which may exacerbate weed problems.</div><div>In this study, we investigated the effects of tillage (conservation vs. conventional) on the abundance, diversity and in-field distribution of ground beetles in 9 pairs of annual crop fields in Northern Italy. We also tested the effect of tillage, artificially induced drought (-50 % precipitation) and arthropod seed predator exclusion on weed biomass and diversity within the same fields. We expected conservation tillage to increase ground beetle abundance and richness, and seed predator presence to buffer the projected increased weed incidence in conservation tillage and drought conditions.</div><div>In conservation tillage fields, ground beetle activity density was overall higher, and decreased from field margin to field center, while in conventional tillage it was lower and had an opposite spatial trend. This pattern, reflected also in the in-field distribution of the dominant species <em>Pterostichus melas</em>, is likely caused by differential distribution of habitat and food resources in the two management systems. Conservation tillage also positively affected species richness, further underlying its importance in ground beetle conservation.</div><div>Unexpectedly, seed predator exclusion reduced weed biomass in conservation tillage. This may be linked to higher seed density, a situation in which the removal of competing seeds can trigger compensatory mechanisms in the remaining seed bank. As drought also increased weed incidence, strategies such as thick mulching, sowing density manipulation, crop rotations and cover cropping might become increasingly necessary in order to limit weeds to a level at which seed predation can efficiently contribute to weed control in climate change scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nematode diversity loss and community change in urban green spaces explained by alterations in soil pore structure and chemical properties","authors":"Justin Louis Kafana Coulibaly ,&nbsp;Xin Gong ,&nbsp;Alexis Kayiranga ,&nbsp;Huayuan Shangguan ,&nbsp;Yanbo Chen ,&nbsp;Xiuling Yu ,&nbsp;Saichao Zhang ,&nbsp;Shasha Hu ,&nbsp;An Xie ,&nbsp;Taha Ahmed Mohamed ,&nbsp;Nico Eisenhauer ,&nbsp;Xin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to various urban stressors, urban green spaces often fail to maintain soil biodiversity when compared to natural forests. Previous studies attributed this reduction to chemical changes in the soil. However, many human activities in urban environments can lead to soil compaction and changes in soil pore structure, which have been poorly investigated. Here, we compared the diversity of nematode communities, a key indicator of soil health, in soils collected from natural forests and urban green spaces (parks and green belts). We characterized pore structures using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) alongside chemical properties, to assess the contribution of these soil changes to variations in nematode communities. Our findings revealed significant changes in soil chemical properties (mainly in soil pH) and a substantial loss of soil porosity by 84.88 % in urban green spaces, accompanied by fragmentation of the morphology of habitable pore space. Specifically, the volume of soil pores decreased by over 95 %, with a decline in the proportion of macropores (over 79 %) and a more than 160 % increase in mesopores. These physical alterations, driven by urbanization intensity, negatively affected nematode communities, leading to significant declines in community diversity, shifts in community composition, and reduced network complexity. Importantly, changes in soil pore structure were as critical as chemical properties in explaining the effects of urbanization on nematodes. This study provides guidance for urban planning and management, focusing on improving soil chemical and physical characteristics to preserve soil biodiversity and ecological resilience in urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 26-36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Space-for-Time Substitution to study changes in flowering phenology in herbaceous species is most reliable for early-flowering species","authors":"Anna Knapp ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Matzke ,&nbsp;Barbara Knickmann ,&nbsp;Christine Römermann ,&nbsp;Robert Rauschkolb","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenological events in plants are shifting worldwide in response to changes in climate. Studying long-term shifts of phenological events in plants using historical data can lead to a better understanding of processes driving phenological changes and a basis for predicting potential changes in the future. However, conducting such Time-for-Time Substitutions (TFTS), i.e., learning from the past to predict the future, remains rare due to limited availability of long-term data. An alternative method for understanding phenological change is the Space-for-Time Substitution (SFTS), in which the temporal gradient is reflected by a spatial gradient.</div><div>We used historical phenological records of 17 herbaceous species from botanical gardens in Vienna covering a period of 150 years and data from 11 botanical gardens covering a spatial gradient to test the space-time equivalence. We fitted a linear-mixed effect model to test for differences between the two approaches (i.e., changes in time vs. changes in space) for analysing the associations between annual flowering onset dates and temperature. In addition, we examined the species-specific suitability of SFTS in regard to species' temporal niches.</div><div>We showed that flowering advanced on average by seven days for a temperature increase of 1 °C, irrespective of the gradient considered. At the species level, however, we found that the known pattern that late-flowering species are less temperature-sensitive was not found with the SFTS dataset. The space-time equivalence was better fulfilled for early-flowering species than for late-flowering ones.</div><div>This study contributes significantly to phenological research, as it demonstrated that the SFTS generally applied for herbaceous species. However, this method should always be used with caution for species-specific questions. In addition, it remains unclear to what extent the patterns found in botanical gardens are also found in less-controlled habitats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 98-105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting effects of land-use and local disturbance on plant and pollinator communities in wetlands","authors":"Nicholas Oldham ,&nbsp;Jamie Herold ,&nbsp;Kevin Moulton ,&nbsp;Adrian Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Laura Russo","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While pollinators and wetlands both provide important ecosystem services (e.g., the pollination of flowering plants and improving water quality), the relationship between the two is not well understood. Both biotic and abiotic effects can mediate the local wetland flower and pollinator community. In this study, we investigated how land use, including a land use gradient at five different radii, from 250 m to 2 km, along with anthropogenic disturbance affected pollinators in wetland ecosystems. We surveyed the abundance and diversity of plant-pollinator communities in fifteen different wetlands across two years. We also tested the relationship between water quality and temperature, and the abundance and diversity of flowering plants and pollinating insects. Our results suggest that increasing temperature, which was strongly associated with developed land use, had a negative effect on the floral display of wetland plants, as well as the abundance of all flower visitors and hover flies. Hover fly abundance was also positively associated with agricultural land use and total nitrogen in the water. Meanwhile, the abundance of female bees was affected by an interaction between temperature and disturbance: female bees were most abundant when temperatures were lower in areas of low disturbance. In contrast, pollinator species richness increased with temperature when developed land use was low, and floral diversity was strongly affected by several interactions between disturbance, land use, and water quality. Finally, the community composition of both plants and insects varied significantly among low, medium, and high disturbance categories, with weedier, non-native species being significantly associated with areas of higher disturbance and in sites with greater anthropogenic land use. We demonstrate that ecological communities shift significantly in response to anthropogenic change. Our work also illustrates the importance of quantifying interactions between land use and local disturbance with abiotic factors such as temperature and water quality on ecological systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Pages 19-31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental reduction of land use increases invertebrate abundance in grasslands","authors":"Michael Staab ,&nbsp;Alexander Keller ,&nbsp;Rafael Achury ,&nbsp;Andrea Hilpert ,&nbsp;Norbert Hölzel ,&nbsp;Daniel Prati ,&nbsp;Wolfgang W. Weisser ,&nbsp;Nico Blüthgen","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grasslands are diverse ecosystems that are increasingly threatened by intensive land use. Restoring grasslands by reducing land-use intensity may support insect abundance and diversity, helping to halt insect declines. To test for the effect of reduced land use on invertebrates, we studied an experiment (established 2020) at 45 sites across three regions of Germany. We hypothesized that reduced land use increases invertebrate abundance, with larger effects in less intensively used grasslands. Using suction sampling, invertebrates were quantitatively sampled in May 2021 and May 2023, with 2021 samples identified by DNA meta-barcoding. Reducing land use to a single late mowing increased invertebrate abundance by 41 % after one year and 99 % after three years. However, species diversity did not differ between treatments and controls. The effect of land-use reduction on abundance was consistently influenced by land use in the surrounding matrix, with larger positive effect sizes at grasslands with lower mowing frequency but higher fertilization. In spite of these local differences in the magnitude of restoration effects, the consistent increase in invertebrate abundance suggests that reducing land-use intensity can enhance invertebrate populations with potential benefits for ecosystem functions. It will be important to study how outcomes of land-use reduction develop over time, as land-use reduction is likely more successful when implemented permanently.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Pages 62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drivers of plant species diversity in suburban forests: A case study from the Czech Republic","authors":"Daniel Kadaš,&nbsp;Zdeňka Lososová","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urbanization, together with land use changes, significantly transforms surrounding habitats, affecting the occurrence of plant species and the diversity of communities they form. However, detailed information on the individual environmental drivers influencing plant species composition of suburban forests remains limited. In this study, we ask: What are the main drivers of plant species diversity in suburban forests? In the city of Brno, Czech Republic, and its surroundings, we surveyed 110 vegetation plots of acidophilous oak and hornbeam forests. Using generalized linear models and canonical correspondence analysis, we studied the effects of urban environmental drivers on various plant species characteristics. Urbanization was the most significant driver since artificial surfaces near forests decreased total species richness and increased both the disturbance severity and the proportion of non-native species. Larger forest areas supported the presence of forest specialists and limited the spread of competitive generalists. Open forest stands surrounded by agricultural areas promoted the persistence of threatened species. Despite the prevailing acidic bedrock, variation in soil pH – common in urban areas – also influenced plant species diversity. In addition, forest management significantly affected vegetation composition, independently of the surrounding land use. Based on our findings, ensuring sufficient forest area, minimizing disturbance, maintaining habitat continuity, and enhancing landscape connectivity are essential for conservation of near-natural forests in urban planning. Management of oak and hornbeam forests should aim to create more open stands, support understorey regeneration, and prevent environmental degradation to sustain their required ecosystem functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Pages 83-93"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of abandonment and intensification on the biodiversity of agriculturally marginal grasslands – a systematic review","authors":"Susanna Hempel ,&nbsp;Felix Herzog ,&nbsp;Péter Batáry ,&nbsp;Erik Öckinger ,&nbsp;Eva Knop","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agriculturally marginal grasslands have been traditionally managed at low intensity for centuries and are among Europe’s key biodiversity hotspots. Because of their low profitability, many of them have been either abandoned or subjected to intensified management in recent decades. Both pathways threaten the high diversity of grassland species that depend on traditional management practices. To counteract the negative effects of abandonment or agricultural intensification on biodiversity, restoration and conservation practices were established. Through a systematic literature review based on 174 European studies, we investigated the impacts of abandonment and intensification on various measures of agriculturally marginal grasslands diversity. Additionally, we extracted information on the positive impacts of conservation – defined here as sustained extensive management practices - and restoration efforts aimed at previously abandoned or intensified grasslands. Abandonment had a high probability (71%) of reducing plant and lichen biodiversity, while it was significantly less likely to decrease the diversity of animals (23%). Intensification negatively affected the diversity of all organism groups to a similar extent (65% probability for plants and lichen, 47% for animals). Conservation efforts were likely to maintain or increase animal biodiversity (probability 79%), but in the studies we analysed, they were not sufficient to preserve the biodiversity of plants and lichen. The restoration of abandoned or intensified grasslands was predicted to enhance plant and lichen diversity (68% probability), while not significantly changing animal diversity. Thus, different organisms groups responded differently to changes in agricultural management, highlighting the need for targeted conservation and restoration strategies. By synthesizing biodiversity responses across taxa and management types, this review contributes to a more integrated and evidence-based understanding of how to maintain and improve the ecological value of agriculturally marginal grasslands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Pages 9-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collectomics in plant biodiversity research − looking into the past to understand the present and shape the future","authors":"Solveig Franziska Bucher ,&nbsp;Sebastian Gebauer ,&nbsp;Jonas Grieb ,&nbsp;Matthias Körschens ,&nbsp;Jochen Müller ,&nbsp;Christiane M. Ritz ,&nbsp;Rajapreethi Rajendran ,&nbsp;Claus Weiland ,&nbsp;Karsten Wesche ,&nbsp;Kristin Victor ,&nbsp;Christine Römermann","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global biodiversity is changing at unprecedented rates during the Anthropocene. Whereas current biodiversity patterns can be observed directly, information from the recent past is far less easily retrieved yet urgently needed to understand present observations and predict future developments. For plants, herbaria offer such a unique glimpse into the past. Evaluation of plant specimens allows determining a wide range of attributes like species identity, morphological and phenological traits and even signs of biotic interactions. Specimen’s labels convey data such as species identity (and identification history), date and locality of collection, as well as the surrounding biotic and abiotic environment. Current methodological developments in sensor technology and computer vision increasingly enable us to extract this information in a high throughput and automated way. Equally vast developments in data science allow to integrate data from other sources for much more comprehensive analyses than before. With millions of specimens already digitized and digitization schemes running in many institutions, we will be increasingly able to determine characteristics of species and link them via distribution records to large-scale climate change scenarios. This allows us to better predict species’ threat levels, and to develop scenarios on the consequences of biodiversity change for ecosystem functioning. The present contribution reviews recent herbaria research and describes potential avenues with respect to Museomics and the Extended Specimen, and we propose Collectomics as a new framework to unravel, understand, and cope with the Anthropocene biodiversity change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}