Basic and Clinical Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Early MS Identification Using Non-linear Functional Connectivity and Graph-theoretic Measures of Cognitive Task-fMRI Data.","authors":"Farzad Azarmi, Ahmad Shalbaf, Seyedeh Naghmeh Miri Ashtiani, Hamid Behnam, Mohammad Reza Daliri","doi":"10.32598/bcn.14.6.2034.4","DOIUrl":"10.32598/bcn.14.6.2034.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Functional neuroimaging has developed a fundamental ground for understanding the physical basis of the brain. Recent studies have extracted invaluable information from the underlying substrate of the brain. However, cognitive deficiency has insufficiently been assessed by researchers in multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, extracting the brain network differences among relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and healthy controls as biomarkers of cognitive task functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data and evaluating such biomarkers using machine learning were the aims of this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In order to activate cognitive functions of the brain, blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) data were collected throughout the application of a cognitive task. Accordingly, a nonlinear-based brain network was established using kernel mutual information based on the automated anatomical labeling atlas (AAL). Subsequently, a statistical test was carried out to determine the variation in brain network measures between the two groups on binary adjacency matrices. We also found the prominent graph features by merging the Wilcoxon rank-sum test with the Fisher score as a hybrid feature selection method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the classification performance measures showed that the construction of a brain network using a new nonlinear connectivity measure in task-fMRI performs better than the linear connectivity measures in terms of classification. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test also demonstrated a superior result for clinical applications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We believe that non-linear connectivity measures, like KMI, outperform linear connectivity measures, like correlation coefficient in finding the biomarkers of MS disease according to classification performance metrics.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>The performance of some brain regions (the hippocampus, parahippocampus, cuneus, pallidum, and two segments of the cerebellum) is different between healthy and MS people.Non-linear connectivity measures, such as Kernel mutual information, perform better than linear connectivity measures, such as correlation coefficient, in finding the biomarkers of MS disease.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) can disrupt the function of the central nervous system. The function of brain network is impaired in these patients. In this study, we evaluated the change in brain network based on a non-linear connectivity measure using cognitive task-based fMRI data between MS patients and healthy controls. We used Kernel mutual information (KMI) and designed a graph network based on the results of connectivity analysis. The the paced auditory serial addition test was used to activate cognitive functions of the brain. The classification was employed for the results using different decision tree -based technique and support vector machine. KMI can be cons","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"14 6","pages":"787-804"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11273198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Association Between Muscular Ultrasonographic Alterations and Clinical Symptoms in Patients With Inflammatory Myopathy.","authors":"Farzad Fatehi, Parisa Khaghani, Ali Asghar Okhovat, Kamyar Moradi, Farzad Teimouri, Mahsa Mortaja, Mahsa Layegh, Akram Panahi, Shahriar Nafissi","doi":"10.32598/bcn.2021.3567.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.2021.3567.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Muscle biopsy is commonly used to diagnose inflammatory myopathies. We evaluated the ability of muscle ultrasound, a non-invasive and simple tool, to distinguish between healthy subjects and patients with inflammatory myopathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted on 17 patients recently diagnosed with biopsy inflammatory myopathies (12 dermatomyositis, 5 polymyositis) compared with 17 age- and gender-matched healthy control adults. All patients underwent clinical assessments, including manual muscle testing, hand-held dynamometry, and muscle ultrasound evaluations, including thickness and echo intensity in predefined muscle groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The disease duration was seven months (interquartile range: 3 to 11 months). Except for the biceps and gastrocnemius, patients' muscles had significantly higher echo intensity and lower thickness than the control group. The echo intensity sum-score manifested the highest area under the curve compared to the sum-scores of other variables (echo intensity vs manual muscle testing: Area under curves-difference=0.18, P<0.01; echo intensity vs dynamometry: Area under curves-difference=0.14, P=0.02; echo intensity vs thickness: Area under curves-differences-difference=0.25, P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The echo intensity of muscles differed significantly between healthy individuals and patients with inflammatory myopathies and may serve as a useful diagnostic biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"14 5","pages":"675-686"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11016877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pentylenetetrazole Induced Kindling Model of Refractory Epilepsy: A Proof-of-concept Study to Explore Dose and Time Range of Phenobarbital in Rats.","authors":"Surabhi Thapliyal, Nitika Garg, Rupa Joshi, Amitava Chakrabarti, Bikash Medhi","doi":"10.32598/bcn.2022.3904.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.2022.3904.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Drug-resistant epilepsy is an unmet medical condition that impacts 30% of epileptic patients. Numerous antiseizure drugs have already been developed but they provide only symptomatic relief and do not target the underlying pathogenesis. Preclinical models provide opportunities to gain insights into obscure mechanisms of drug-resistant epilepsy. Current animal models possess lacunae that need rectification and validation to discover novel antiepileptic drugs. The present study aims to validate 3 different doses of phenobarbital at 2 different periods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pentylenetetrazole was given at a sub-convulsive dose (30 mg/kg/day/intraperitoneal [IP]) for 28 days to develop kindling in male Wistar rats. Further, kindled rats were divided into the following four groups: Pentylenetetrazole control, pentylenetetrazole and phenobarbital (20 mg/kg), pentylenetetrazole and phenobarbital 40 mg/kg, and pentylenetetrazole and phenobarbital (60 mg/kg). They were assessed on days 14 and 28 post-kindling. Seizure scoring, oxidative stress, phenobarbital plasma levels, and histopathology of hippocampal neurons were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the combination of pentylenetetrazole and phenobarbital (40 and 60 mg/kg) remarkably decreased seizure score, elucidated higher antioxidant effect, and prevented neuronal injury on day 14, whereas increased seizure score, oxidative stress, and neuronal death was observed with chronic administration of pentylenetetrazole and phenobarbital in kindled rats at day 28. Moreover, phenobarbital levels in blood were significantly increased at day 28 of phenobarbital treatment compared to day 14.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The adapted protocol with phenobarbital 40 mg/kg dose could be of great potential in screening antiseizure drugs in refractory epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"14 5","pages":"701-712"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11016876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Acceptance Commitment Therapy (ACT) in Social Anxiety Disorder: Application of a Longitudinal Method for Evaluation of Mediation Role of Acceptance, Cognitive Fusion and Values","authors":"Esmail Soltani, Seyed Abdolmajid Bahrainian, Ali Farhoudian, Abbas Masjedi Arani, Latif Gachkar","doi":"10.32598/bcn.2021.2785.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.2021.2785.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on symptom severity, fear of negative evaluation, quality of life (QoL), and the mediating role of acceptance, cognitive fusion, and value among patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed with SAD were randomized in the intervention (n=15) or waiting list groups (n=15). The social phobia and Anxiety inventory (SPAI), brief fear of negative evaluation scale (BFNE), World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQoL) scale, social anxiety-acceptance and action questionnaire (SA-AAQ), cognitive fusion questionnaire (CFQ), and valued living questionnaire (VLQ) were administered before, immediately after, and at a one-month follow-up. Repeated measurement design was used in the intervention group to investigate the changes of mediation and outcomes variables in the pre-test, during treatment, and post-test. Twenty-four patients completed the study. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), and repeated measurements. Results: There were significant differences between the intervention and waiting list groups in the severity of symptoms (P=0.001), fear of negative evaluation (P=0.002), and QoL (P=0.03), as well as in terms of specific measures of SA-AAQ (P=0.001), cognitive fusion (P=0.001), an important section of VLQ (P=0.001). Repeated measurement results showed that acceptance and action of social anxiety and cognitive fusion had a mediating role in the severity of social anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, and QoL. Conclusion: The results indicated the effectiveness of ACT for SAD and highlighted the mediator role of social anxiety, acceptance and action, and cognitive fusion in the severity of SAD.","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136260256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seven Ambiguities in Explaining the Human Memory System in the Principles of Neural Science Book","authors":"Seyed Amir Hossein Batouli","doi":"10.32598/bcn.2023.1774.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.2023.1774.4","url":null,"abstract":"Memory is probably one of the most complex human cognitive functions, and in many years, thousands of studies have helped us better recognize this brain function. Professor Kandel and his colleagues have written one of the reference textbooks in neuroscience, which has also elaborated on the memory function. In this book, I encountered several ambiguities while explaining the memory system. Here, I share those points, either to find an answer to them or to let them be a suggestion for our future works. Professor Kandel has spent most of his meritorious lifetime studying the memory system; however, the brain is extremely complex, and as a result, we still have many years to comprehensively understand the neural mechanisms of brain functions.","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135804623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Psychometric Properties of Sex Addiction Screening Test-revised for Persian Population","authors":"Sina Shafiezadeh, , Hossein Mohajeri, Atiyeh MohammadShirazi, Peyman Hassani-Abharian, , , ","doi":"10.32598/bcn.2022.1920.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.2022.1920.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sexual addiction is known as a disorder that afflicts a person with difficulty in controlling or delaying sexual behaviors. To prevent social, physical, and psychological consequences, validated screening tests are needed to diagnose this disorder. One of these tests is established by Carnes with the name of sexual addiction screening test-revised (SAST-R). In this study, SAST-R has been translated and verified in the Persian language. Methods: The original screening test was translated into the Persian language and also back-translated for matching by two separate expert teams. The data was collected through an online survey of 1268 participants who were in the age range of 18 to 65 years (Mean±SD 29.44±6.90), and 56.1% and 43.9% of the population were women and men, respectively. Three questionnaires, including the SAST-R, the hypersexual behavior consequences scale, and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale as the principal, convergent, and divergent tests were administered to the participants. Results: The reliability of the test’s internal consistency (Cronbach α=0.883), split-half (Cronbach α=0.779), and Guttman (lambda coefficients were between 0.773 to 0.883) tests were used. In addition, 4 methods of content validity (sexual hyperactivity specialist approved), convergent structure validity (P<0.001, R=0.731), the validity of divergent structure (P<0.09, R=-0.132), and factor validity (comparative fit index=0.884, goodness of fit index=0.873, root mean square error of approximation=0.047) were measured and confirmed the validity of the test. Conclusion: The Persian version of SAST-R is a reliable preclinical tool to assess the severity of sexual desire in patients.","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135703282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of Right/Left Hand Motor Imagery by Effective Connectivity Based on Transfer Entropy in Electroencephalogram Signal","authors":"Erfan Rezaei, Ahmad Shalbaf","doi":"10.32598/bcn.2021.2034.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/bcn.2021.2034.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The right and left-hand motor imagery (MI) analysis based on the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal can directly link the central nervous system to a computer or a device. This study aims to identify a set of robust and nonlinear effective brain connectivity features quantified by transfer entropy (TE) to characterize the relationship between brain regions from EEG signals and create a hierarchical feature selection and classification for discrimination of right and lefthand MI tasks. Methods: TE is calculated among EEG channels as the distinctive, effective connectivity features. TE is a model-free method that can measure nonlinear effective connectivity and analyze multivariate dependent directed information flow among neural EEG channels. Then four feature subset selection methods namely relief-F, Fisher, Laplacian, and local learningbased clustering (LLCFS) algorithms are used to choose the most significant effective connectivity features and reduce redundant information. Finally, support vector machine (SVM) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) methods are used for classification. Results: Results show that the best performance in 29 healthy subjects and 60 trials is achieved using the TE method via the Relief-F algorithm as feature selection and support vector machine (SVM) classification with 91.02% accuracy. Conclusion: The TE index and a hierarchical feature selection and classification can be useful for the discrimination of right- and left-hand MI tasks from multichannel EEG signals.","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"760 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136131361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Therapeutic Effect of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients With Obsessive-compulsive Disorder: A Quasi-experimental Study.","authors":"Seyed Gholamreza Noorazar,&nbsp;Somayyeh Emamizad,&nbsp;Ali Fakhari-Dehkharghani,&nbsp;Parnia Pouya","doi":"10.32598/bcn.2022.3524.1","DOIUrl":"10.32598/bcn.2022.3524.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for some psychiatric disorders. It is postulated that ECT should primarily be considered for patients with treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in the context of major depression. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ECT in OCD patients without comorbid psychiatric disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 12 adult patients with severe OCD (Yale-Brown test score above 25) and no comorbid psychiatric disorders referred to a tertiary care hospital for psychiatric disorders. Treatment was administered three times a week for up to three to four weeks (a minimum of 8 sessions and a maximum of 12 sessions). We completed the Yale-Brown test for all patients before ECT, on the day after applying ECT, and two months after the final ECT session to evaluate the effect of therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Yale-Brown patients' Mean±SD significantly decreased after the ECT sessions from 28.08±2.50 to 17.17±3.78 (P=0.043). After treatment, the severity of OCD decreased in all patients and turned to mild and moderate levels in 4 patients (33.3%) and 8 (66.7%), respectively. After two months, the Mean±SD Yale-Brown score slightly increased to 18.08±1.62 (P=0.125), and the severity of OCD in all 12 patients (100%) became moderate. Nevertheless, in none of them, the Yale-Brown score increased and returned to the baseline value in this period. None of the patients developed significant side effects during or after ECT sessions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ECT was a safe and effective therapeutic strategy for patients with treatment-resistant OCD with no comorbid psychiatric disorders. However, further randomized controlled trials are required to validate the efficacy of ECT for OCD treatment before implementing it in the routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"14 1","pages":"19-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7b/b0/BCN-14-19.PMC10279984.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10088484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbiota and Neuropsychiatric Disorders.","authors":"Reza Bidaki,&nbsp;Seyed Hossein Hekmati Moghaddam,&nbsp;Maryam Sadeh","doi":"10.32598/bcn.2021.3220.1","DOIUrl":"10.32598/bcn.2021.3220.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous studies in humans and animals hypothesize that gut microbiota dysbiosis is involved in the development of behavioral and neurological diseases such as depression, autism spectrum disorder, Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke and Alzheimer's disease. Some of the most salient works so far regarding the brain-gut axis are mentioned below. The current knowledge on the impact of gut microbiota on nervous system diseases is far from being directly used for pharmacologic or nutritional advice toward restoration of normal bodily functions. It seems that a more comprehensive approach should be followed so that the individual effect of each kind of intervention on the patient's somatic or psychological status is determined. Future research must address global need for regimens which could reestablish normal composition of gut microorganisms after each neuropsychological disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"14 1","pages":"167-170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a0/dc/BCN-14-167.PMC10279994.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9703096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective Effect of <i>Celastrus Paniculatus</i> Seed Extract on Epilepsy and Epilepsy-associated Cognitive Deficits.","authors":"Arti Ralta,&nbsp;Ajay Prakash,&nbsp;Praveen Kumar M,&nbsp;Rohit Kumar,&nbsp;Phulen Sarma,&nbsp;Alka Bhatia,&nbsp;Bikash Medhi,&nbsp;Amitava Chakrabarti","doi":"10.32598/bcn.2021.3154.1","DOIUrl":"10.32598/bcn.2021.3154.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cognitive deficit is one of the common comorbidity accompanying epilepsy. The present study evaluated the effect of <i>Celastrus paniculatus</i> seed extract on seizure severity and cognitive deficit following the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced chemical kindling model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PTZ kindling model was developed by daily administration of the sub-convulsive dose of PTZ 30 mg/kg for four weeks. After four weeks of induction, the following treatment, namely sodium valproic acid (SVA) 200 mg/kg, <i>C. paniculatus</i> 500 mgkg, pergolide 2 mg/kg, C. paniculatus (250 mgkg)+ Pergolide (1 mg/kg), and <i>C. paniculatus</i> (250 mgkg)+ SVA (100 mg/kg) were administered 30 minutes prior to PTZ (30 mg/kg) injection for a period of next 14 days. Neurobehavioral parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and dopamine levels were assessed and the Morris water maze test (MWM) and Grip strength test (GPS) were performed. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining of hippocampal cornu ammonis (CA1), CA2, CA3, dentate gyrus (DG), and frontal cortex was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>C. paniculatus</i> (500 mg/kg) alone and in combination (<i>C. paniculatus</i> (250 mg kg)+ pergolide (1 mg/kg) and <i>C. paniculatus</i> (250 mgkg)+ SVA (100 mg/kg)) significantly (P<0.05) reduced the seizure score, mean latency time, and distance traveled in the MWM. However, no significant effect was seen in GPS. Biochemical analysis showed elevated antioxidant markers, namely GSH, CAT, and SOD, and also elevated dopamine levels. <i>C. paniculatus</i> and its combination also significantly (P<0.05) protected against neuronal loss in the hippocampus and frontal cortex evidenced by H&E staining.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>C. paniculatus</i> alone and in combination with other agents may have the potential to treat epilepsy and associated cognitive deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":8701,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Clinical Neuroscience","volume":"14 1","pages":"155-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2e/3d/BCN-14-155.PMC10279989.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9703102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}