Balkan Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Association of Serum Blood Urea Nitrogen to Albumin Ratio with in-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study of the eICU Database","authors":"Wenhan Li, Qing Huang, Ke Zhan","doi":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-8-77","DOIUrl":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-8-77","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Albumin (ALB) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) are both associated with the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). A recent prognostic marker, the BUN/ALB ratio (BAR), has been suggested as a simple and sensitive method to predict certain acute diseases.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine the predictive value of BAR in relation to the risk of in-hospital mortality among AIS patients.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cox regression analysis was employed to assess the relationship between in-hospital mortality and BAR, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals. Subgroup analysis of acute pulmonary embolism, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), thrombolysis, thrombectomy, and septic shock was performed to further examine this relationship. The predictive value of BAR and BAR multivariate models for in-hospital mortality was evaluated and compared to BUN, ALB, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV (APACHE IV) score, and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (SOFA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1,635 eligible patients, 226 (13.81%) died during hospitalization. An elevated serum BAR level was associated with an increased in-hospital mortality risk (HR: 1.3) after covariates were adjusted. Additionally, this positive association was observed in patients without AP, AMI, thrombolysis, history of thrombectomy, or septic shock (all; <i>p</i> < 0.05). The efficacy of the BAR multivariate model in predicting in-hospital mortality among AIS patients was superior to that of both APACHE IV and SOFA, with an area under the curve of 0.87.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum BAR exhibits the potential to identify AIS patients with high mortality risk, which may contribute to enhanced disease surveillance and risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":8690,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"458-468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142340220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Appendicitis Secondary to the Ingestion of a Toothpick","authors":"Marco Antonio Alves Braun, Isabella Alves Braun, Márcio Luís Duarte, Bruno Fernandes Barros Brehme de Abreu","doi":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-5-34","DOIUrl":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-5-34","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8690,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"505-506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Ultrasonographic and Clinicopathological Characteristics in Assessing Stromal Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Density in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","authors":"Lian Li, Yingjia Li","doi":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-7-26","DOIUrl":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-7-26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A high density of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) is positively correlated with the pathological complete response rate and favorable survival in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Heterogeneity in stromal lymphocyte distribution and limited tumor sampling may affect the accuracy of sTIL quantification in biopsy samples from patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy. Thus, identifying additional biomarkers to complement sTIL evaluation is essential.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To identify biomarkers that could be used to complement sTILs evaluation.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 162 patients with invasive TNBC were enrolled in the study. The following data were gathered: sTIL density, Ki67, nuclear grades of cancer cells, lymphovascular invasion status, the American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, axillary lymph node metastasis status, and ultrasonographic parameters of the tumor (size, shape, orientation, margin, internal echo pattern, posterior feature, and vascularity). The relationship between sTIL density and ultrasonographic or clinicopathological characteristics was investigated using both continuous and categorical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Posterior features of the primary tumors was associated with sTIL density (<i>p</i> = 0.038). Additionally, the Ki67 levels and nuclear grades were also associated with sTIL density (<i>p</i> < 0.001 and <i>p</i> = 0.024, respectively). When stratified according to a 20% cut-off of sTIL density, the posterior features of primary tumors, Ki67 levels, and nuclear grades significantly differed between the high and low sTIL density tumors. Tumors with high Ki67 levels were more likely to exhibit high sTIL density than low sTIL density [odds ratio (OR): 2.75, <i>p</i> = 0.021]. Furthermore, nuclear grade III tumors demonstrated significantly higher sTIL density than nuclear grade I-II tumors (OR: 2.49, <i>p</i> = 0.014). Additionally, tumors with posterior enhancement or no posterior features were more likely to exhibit high sTIL density than tumors with acoustic shadows (OR: 2.91, <i>p</i> = 0.028; OR: 2.74, <i>p</i> = 0.022, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low sTIL density is frequently observed in tumors exhibiting acoustic shadows on ultrasound. However, high sTIL density is more common in tumors with posterior enhancement or no posterior features. Furthermore, high Ki67 levels (> 40%) and high nuclear grades are positively correlated with high sTIL density. This study findings highlight the need for closer surveillance of these biomarkers to complement sTIL evaluation in TNBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":8690,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"469-475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142340223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Takotsubo Syndrome: An International Expert Consensus Report on Practical Challenges and Specific Conditions (Part-2: Specific Entities, Risk Stratification and Challenges After Recovery)","authors":"Kenan Yalta, John E Madias, Nicholas G Kounis, Shams Y-Hassan, Marija Polovina, Servet Altay, Alexandre Mebazaa, Mehmet Birhan Yilmaz, Yuri Lopatin, Mamas A Mamas, Robert J Gil, Ritu Thamman, Abdallah Almaghraby, Biykem Bozkurt, Gani Bajraktari, Thomas Fink, Vassil Traykov, Stephane Manzo-Silberman, Ulvi Mirzoyev, Sekib Sokolovic, Zviad V Kipiani, Cecilia Linde, Petar M Seferovic","doi":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-9-99","DOIUrl":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-9-99","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) still remains as an enigmatic phenomenon. In particular, long-term challenges (including clinical recurrence and persistent symptoms) and specific entities in the setting of TTS have been the evolving areas of interest. On the other hand, a significant gap still exists regarding the proper risk-stratification of this phenomenon in the short and long terms. The present paper, the second part (part-2) of the consensus report, aims to discuss less well-known aspects of TTS including specific entities, challenges after recovery and risk-stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":8690,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"442-457"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Effect of Fidgetin-Like 1 on Colorectal Cancer Through Tissue Chip and In Vitro Experiments","authors":"Yunxing Xu, Yucheng Shen, Chen Zhang, Liangfeng Zheng, Feiyue Ji, Jin Chen, Shouliang Cheng, Yu Zheng","doi":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-7-9","DOIUrl":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-7-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fidgetin-like 1 (FIGNL1) is extensively overexpressed in a variety of cancers. It facilitates non‑small cell lung cancer tumor cell proliferation and hepatocellular carcinoma formation due to abnormal DNA repair. Clinically relevant data indicates that its high expression is linked with the poor prognosis of patients with renal clear-cell carcinoma, low-grade gliomas, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Nevertheless, the scope of FIGNL1’s involvement in cancer, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC), remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the function of FIGNL1 in CRC.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cell culture study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The TCGA database and immunohistochemistry analysis were employed to investigate FIGNL1 expression in CRC tissue. A cell viability assay was performed using the Cell Counting Kit-8. The cell migration and invasion were evaluated using the transwell assay. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was conducted to knockdown FIGNL1 expression. Infection with FIGNL1 overexpression lentivirus was performed to promote FIGNL1 overexpression. The STRING database was employed for predicting protein interaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FIGNL1 was substantially upregulated in human CRC tissues and was associated with TNM stages and lymph node metastasis in patients. The inhibition of CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in Caco-2 cells was achieved by silencing FIGNL1 using siRNA. Additional investigations suggested that FIGNL1 overexpression could promote CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via P38 signaling pathway activation in Colo-205 cells. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that FIGNL1-mediated P38 phosphorylation was contingent upon SPIDR interaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results implied that FIGNL1 was a potential anticancer drug target, which also offered a novel strategy for future CRC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8690,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"491-498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142340222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroinvasive West Nile Virus Infections in the Trakya Region of Türkiye.","authors":"Habibe Tülin Elmaslar Mert, Zerrin Yuluğkural, Ezgi Kula, Betül Yüzügüldü, Figen Kuloğlu","doi":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-9-72","DOIUrl":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-9-72","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8690,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Medical Journal","volume":"41 6","pages":"511-513"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Nasal Administration of Kisspeptin-54 Regulates Mood-Related Disorders Via Amygdaloid GABA in Hemi-Parkinsonian Rats","authors":"Osman Sinen, Ayşegül Gemici Sinen, Narin Derin, Mutay Aydın Aslan","doi":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-7-46","DOIUrl":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-7-46","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression and anxiety, the most prevalent neuropsychiatric manifestations in Parkinson’s disease (PD), negatively impact their quality of life.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine whether the chronic nasal administration of kisspeptin-54 (KP-54) could. Alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression in hemi-Parkinsonian rats.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Experimental study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included adult Sprague Dawley male rats who were administered either a vehicle (artificial cerebrospinal fluid) or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) unilaterally into the medial forebrain bundle. The vehicle, or KP-54 (3 nmol/kg, applied topically to the rhinarium), was administered daily for a seven-day period. The sucrose preference test (SPT), elevated plus maze test (EPMT), and open field test (OFT) were implemented to evaluate depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, respectively, seven days following the lesion surgery. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentrations in the amygdala were quantified using mass spectrometry. Tyrosine hydroxylase in substantia nigra was analyzed using immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nasal delivery of KP-54 significantly reduced depressionand anxiety-like behaviors that were induced by 6-OHDA, as indicated by the results of the SPT, OFT, and EPMT. Moreover, it was observed that nasal KP-54 effectively mitigated 6-OHDA-induced motor deficits and the loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons. The nasal administration of KP-54 augmented the decline in GABA levels in the amygdala induced by 6-OHDA. Furthermore, effective correlations were established between GABA concentrations and behavioral parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nasal delivery of KP-54 could function as a viable therapeutic alternative for treating mood-related disorders in PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":8690,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"476-483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142340221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Artificial Intelligence and Genome Editing System for Determining the Treatment of Genetic Disorders","authors":"Suat Erdoğan","doi":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-080824","DOIUrl":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-080824","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8690,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"419-420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Exploring Regional Disparities in Heart Failure Epidemiology and Outcomes: A Comprehensive Study Across Geographical Regions in Türkiye”","authors":"Levent Pay","doi":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-7-96","DOIUrl":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-7-96","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8690,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"516-517"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142079020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital Hypofibrinogenemia is a Potential Risk Factor for Ischemic Stroke","authors":"Demet Bölükbaşı, Şerife Gökbulut Bektaş, Duygu Kayar Çalılı, Şeval İzdeş","doi":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-6-9","DOIUrl":"10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2024-6-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8690,"journal":{"name":"Balkan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":"514-515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}