{"title":"Crystalline silica on the lung-environment interface: Impact on immunity, epithelial cells, and therapeutic perspectives for autoimmunity.","authors":"Gaël Galli, Damien Leleu, Agathe Depaire, Patrick Blanco, Cécile Contin-Bordes, Marie-Elise Truchetet","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crystalline silica (the most abundant form of silicon dioxide) is a natural element that is ubiquitous in the Earth's crust. Chronic personal or professional exposure has been implicated in various pathologies, including silicosis and autoimmune diseases since the early 20th century. More recently, a specific pathogenic role for crystalline silica has been identified through its impact on lung epithelial cells as well as immune cells present at this organism barrier. This review summarizes the current in vitro and in vivo knowledge regarding the physiopathology of crystalline silica at the lung-environment interface, discusses its effects on innate and adaptive immune cells and epithelial cells, and reviews current therapeutic perspectives explored in mouse models to alleviate its impact, especially on autoimmune phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":" ","pages":"103730"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Anna Bokor, Katalin Martyin, Máté Krebs, Noémi Ágnes Galajda, Fanni Adél Meznerics, Bence Szabó, Péter Hegyi, Kende Lőrincz, Norbert Kiss, András Bánvölgyi, Bernadett Hidvégi
{"title":"Deucravacitinib shows superior efficacy and safety in cutaneous lupus erythematosus compared to various biologics and small molecules - A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Laura Anna Bokor, Katalin Martyin, Máté Krebs, Noémi Ágnes Galajda, Fanni Adél Meznerics, Bence Szabó, Péter Hegyi, Kende Lőrincz, Norbert Kiss, András Bánvölgyi, Bernadett Hidvégi","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Novel therapies for cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) demonstrated efficacy and safety in previous trials. However, data on the comparison of these treatments is still lacking, limiting their integration into clinical practice. Therefore, our aim is to perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of novel systemic therapies in CLE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was performed across PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL on November 25, 2023, to identify studies involving patients with CLE or SLE with active skin involvement treated with novel systemic therapies. The primary outcomes assessed were the proportion of patients achieving the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index-50 (CLASI-50), the change in CLASI-A, the occurrence of adverse events (AEs), and serious adverse events (SAEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>18,280 records were retrieved, of which 53 met the inclusion criteria. Deucravacitinib showed significantly greater efficacy in achieving the CLASI50 compared to placebo (OR: 8.28, 95 % CI: 2.22-30.91). Both litifilimab (OR: 2.54, 95 % CI: 1.20-5.40) and anifrolumab (OR: 2.25, 95 % CI: 1.23-4.14) were also significantly more effective than placebo. No significant differences were observed in the occurrence of AEs and SAEs between these therapeutics and placebo.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anifrolumab and litifilimab are effective and safe treatment options in CLE. However, deucravacitinib demonstrated superior efficacy and safety with fewer adverse events compared to anifrolumab. CLE patients who have shown an inadequate response to first- and second-line treatments may benefit from the incorporation of deucravacitinib into their treatment regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":" ","pages":"103723"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142852383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FcRn inhibitors: Transformative advances and significant impacts on IgG-mediated autoimmune diseases.","authors":"Lina Zhu, Lanjun Li, Jun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pathogenic IgG autoantibodies play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, and removal of pathogenic IgG autoantibodies is an important therapeutic approach and tool for such diseases. The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) interacts with IgG and protects it from lysosomal degradation. FcRn inhibitors accelerate the clearance of IgG antibodies, including pathogenic IgG autoantibodies, by targeting and blocking the binding of FcRn to IgG. Theoretically, FcRn inhibitors can be applied for the treatment of IgG-mediated autoimmune diseases. With successful completion of multiple relevant clinical trials, key evidence-based data have been provided for FcRn inhibitors in the treatment of IgG-mediated autoimmune diseases, and several FcRn inhibitors have been approved for these indications. Additional trials are being planned or conducted. This review examines all available high-quality clinical trials of FcRn inhibitors assessing IgG-mediated autoimmune diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":" ","pages":"103719"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rémi Philip, Inès Elhani, Sophie Gallou, Hubert De Boysson, Martin-Silva Nicolas, Sophie Georgin-Lavialle, Samuel Deshayes, Achille Aouba
{"title":"A20 haploinsufficiency diagnosis beyond systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review of the literature.","authors":"Rémi Philip, Inès Elhani, Sophie Gallou, Hubert De Boysson, Martin-Silva Nicolas, Sophie Georgin-Lavialle, Samuel Deshayes, Achille Aouba","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease whose pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, involving genetic and epigenetic factors. However, an increasing small subset of patients present with monogenic lupus, providing insight into the pathogenesis of the disease. This systematic review focuses on SLE associated with A20 haploinsufficiency (HA20), a monogenic disorder associated with tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 gene (TNFAIP3) variants. Besides the mainly auto-inflammatory phenotypic expression of HA20 mimicking Behçet's disease spectrum, some of its clinical and biological manifestations are part of the spectrum of autoimmune diseases, including glomerulonephritis as well as the frequent presence of antinuclear antibodies, sometimes with anti-DNA specificity. Among all the 191 HA20 patients reported in the literature, we identified 16 patients (8.4 %) with a compatible diagnosis of SLE. When estimable, the SLICC 2012 and EULAR/ACR 2019 classification criteria were positive for 92.9 % of them. A majority had multi-system involvement, mainly cutaneous (81.3 %), musculoskeletal (56.3 %), and/or renal (56.3 %) manifestations. They also seemed to exhibit differences compared to other SLE patients: higher prevalence of fever, chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, oral and genital ulcers, neuropsychiatric manifestations, autoimmune cytopenia, and elevated biologic inflammatory markers. This review highlights the necessity of considering TNFAIP3 variants in SLE patients with early-onset disease, familial history, and/or specific clinical manifestations suggestive of autoinflammatory diseases. Recognizing HA20-SLE patients may improve our understanding of SLE pathogenesis and lead to better therapeutic strategies for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":" ","pages":"103722"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ze Yang, Yanzuo Wu, Shuo Huang, Jie Bao, Li Xu, Yongsheng Fan
{"title":"Risk factors associated with thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ze Yang, Yanzuo Wu, Shuo Huang, Jie Bao, Li Xu, Yongsheng Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) frequently manifests with thrombocytopenia (TP), a hematologic complication that heightens the risk of severe outcomes and increases mortality. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the potential risk factors associated with TP in SLE patients, providing insights into the demographic features, clinical features, and laboratory findings that contribute to this condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across eight databases from inception to September 1, 2024. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was conducted using univariate and multivariate analyses with Revman 5.3, while heterogeneity was addressed through subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger tests via Stata 15.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen high-quality studies meeting the inclusion criteria were incorporated into this meta-analysis. Independent risk factors for TP in SLE included age (Demographic Features), serositis, splenomegaly, blood system involvement, and renal involvement (Clinical Features), as well as cardiac involvement, anemia, leukocytopenia, low C3/C4, ACA, and CRP (Laboratory Findings). Arthritis and rash were protective factors. Subgroup analysis addressed heterogeneity caused by unit and sample size differences. Sensitivity analysis comparing the consistency between fixed-effects model (FEM) and random-effects model (REM) confirmed the reliability of the findings, and both funnel plots and Egger tests suggested no publication bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis identified several potential independent risk factors for TP in SLE. Early screening and timely intervention for patients with these risk factors are essential to reduce the likelihood of TP, prevent severe organ damage, and improve overall prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":" ","pages":"103721"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intestinal mucus barrier: A potential therapeutic target for IBD.","authors":"Yaru Qiao, Changer He, Yuxuan Xia, Dickson Kofi Wiredu Ocansey, Fei Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal mucus, a viscoelastic medium with mucin2 (MUC2) as its main component, covers the surface of intestinal epithelial cells and protects the intestine from invasion, forming the first barrier of the intestinal tract. Unlike the small intestine, where the mucus layer is a single layer, the colonic mucus layer can be divided into a sterile inner layer and an outer layer with bacterial colonization. Many of the substances in the mucus layer have beneficial effects on the intestinal epithelium, but the mucus layer is often affected by a variety of factors, mainly microbiological, dietary, and immunological. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disease of increasing morbidity worldwide, with a complex etiology and a high relapse rate. In recent years, the mucus barrier in IBD has received increasing attention and is considered a key factor in the pathogenesis of IBD. Loss of goblet cells (GCs) and changes in the composition and properties of the mucus layer material are commonly found in the colon of IBD patients. Damage to the mucus layer may make it easier for microorganisms to access the intestinal epithelium and cause inflammation. There are currently a number of herbs and other therapies that can be used to treat IBD and repair the damaged mucus barrier. This review highlights the important role of the mucus layer in IBD and the therapies that target the mucus layer in IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":" ","pages":"103717"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jozélio Freire de Carvalho, Thelma L Skare, Ana Tereza Amoedo Martinez, Yehuda Shoenfeld
{"title":"Anti-vitamin D antibodies.","authors":"Jozélio Freire de Carvalho, Thelma L Skare, Ana Tereza Amoedo Martinez, Yehuda Shoenfeld","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low vitamin D levels are commonly observed in autoimmune diseases, suggesting a potential role in disease pathogenesis. The presence of anti-vitamin D antibodies may contribute to these deficiencies and influence autoimmune processes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review and analyze studies investigating the occurrence of anti-vitamin D antibodies in autoimmune diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three studies, comprising a total of 345 patients, were reviewed. The autoimmune conditions included systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), scleroderma (SSc), primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (pAPS), and pemphigus vulgaris (PV). Patient mean ages ranged from 26.8 to 31 years, with the proportion of female participants ranging from 87 % to 96 %. The duration of disease varied between 6.3 and 12.3 years. Serum vitamin D levels ranged from 11.71 ± 7.21 to 28.4 ± 9.6 ng/mL, with 57.1 % to 82.1 % of patients presenting vitamin D deficiency. The prevalence of anti-vitamin D antibodies was reported as follows: 87 % in SSc, 11 % in PV, 4 % to 6.1 % in SLE, and 3.5 % in pAPS. Associations with other disease markers were also noted: in SLE, anti-vitamin D antibodies were associated with anti-dsDNA antibodies; while in SSc, their presence was linked to the disease itself.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anti-vitamin D antibodies were identified in 3.5 % to 87 % of patients with SLE, SSc, pAPS, and PV. These antibodies are associated either with the autoimmune condition itself or with other autoantibodies, suggesting their potential role in disease mechanisms and progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":" ","pages":"103718"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IgG4 in the gut: Gastrointestinal IgG4-related disease or a new subtype of inflammatory bowel disease.","authors":"Sarah Bencardino, Cosimo Simone Matichecchia, Jacopo Fanizza, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Emanuel Della-Torre, Silvio Danese, Ferdinando D'Amico","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by tissue infiltration with IgG4-positive plasma cells, leading to fibrosis and organ dysfunction. While primarily affecting the pancreas, bile ducts, and salivary glands, IgG4-RD can also involve the gastrointestinal tract, raising questions about its relationship with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent studies suggest that patients with IBD may exhibit histological and serological features consistent with IgG4-RD, such as a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, a storiform-type of fibrosis and a prominent IgG4 immune response. This overlap represents a diagnostic challenge, as differentiating between primary IBD and IgG4-RD involving the gut is crucial for appropriate treatment. Further research is essential to delineate the prevalence of tissue and serum IgG4 expression in patients with IBD. This approach could classify subtypes of IBD, enabling advancements in non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring as well as personalized therapies. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available evidence regarding intestinal involvement in IgG4-RD and the role of both serum and tissue IgG4 in inflammatory bowel diseases IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":" ","pages":"103720"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P Mertz, V Hentgen, G Boursier, J Delon, S Georgin-Lavialle
{"title":"Current landscape of monogenic autoinflammatory actinopathies: A literature review.","authors":"P Mertz, V Hentgen, G Boursier, J Delon, S Georgin-Lavialle","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoinflammatory diseases (AID) are conditions leading to a hyperactivation of innate immunity without any underlying infection, and may be poly- (e.g. Still's disease) or monogenic. The number of monogenic AID is continuously expanding, with the discovery of novel pathologies and pathophysiological mechanisms, facilitated in part by easier access to pangenomic sequencing. Actinopathies with autoinflammatory manifestations represent a newly emerging subgroup of AID, associated with defects in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. These diseases typically manifest in the neonatal period and variably combine a primary immunodeficiency of varying severity, cytopenia (particularly thrombocytopenia), autoinflammatory manifestations primarily affecting the skin and digestive system, as well as atopic and autoimmune features. Diagnosis should be considered primarily when encountering an early-onset autoinflammatory skin and digestive disorder, along with a primary immunodeficiency and either thrombocytopenia or a bleeding tendency. Some of these diseases exhibit specific features, such as a risk of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) or a predisposition to atopy or lymphoproliferation. The complete pathophysiology of these diseases is not yet fully understood, and further studies are required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, which could guide therapeutic choices. In most cases, the severity of the conditions necessitates allogeneic marrow transplantation as a treatment option. In this review, we discuss these novel diseases, providing a practical approach based on the main associated biological abnormalities and specific clinical characteristics, with a special focus on the newly described actinopathies DOCK11 and ARPC5 deficiency. Nonetheless, genetic testing remains essential for definitive diagnosis, and various differential diagnoses must be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":" ","pages":"103715"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maxime Samson, Bhaskar Dasgupta, Anthony M Sammel, Carlo Salvarani, Christian Pagnoux, Rula Hajj-Ali, Wolfgang A Schmidt, Maria C Cid
{"title":"Targeting interleukin-6 pathways in giant cell arteritis management: A narrative review of evidence.","authors":"Maxime Samson, Bhaskar Dasgupta, Anthony M Sammel, Carlo Salvarani, Christian Pagnoux, Rula Hajj-Ali, Wolfgang A Schmidt, Maria C Cid","doi":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a chronic inflammatory vasculitis with a significant impact on vascular and patient health. It may present with non-specific symptoms and can lead to severe complications if not managed effectively. This narrative review explores the treatment of GCA with interleukin-6 (IL-6) pathway inhibitors, focusing on key studies from selected databases published between 2018 and 2024. The findings reveal that the current treatment primarily involves glucocorticoids (GCs), but their long-term use is associated with adverse effects. Targeting the IL-6 pathway offers therapeutic benefits by reducing inflammation and sparing GC use. Tocilizumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G1κ monoclonal antibody that blocks the IL-6 receptor, has demonstrated efficacy in achieving sustained remission and improving quality of life in people with GCA. However, challenges remain in understanding the optimal duration of therapy, managing relapse upon discontinuation, and addressing long-term structural vascular outcomes. Additional research is needed to further elucidate the complex pathogenesis of GCA and to optimize treatment strategies to achieve sustained remission both clinically and histologically while minimizing adverse effects. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence of IL-6 inhibition in GCA management, highlighting both its therapeutic benefits and the challenges associated with its use.</p>","PeriodicalId":8664,"journal":{"name":"Autoimmunity reviews","volume":" ","pages":"103716"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}