Autism Research and Treatment最新文献_第5页

Video Game Playing Effects on Obesity in an Adolescent with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Study 电子游戏对自闭症谱系障碍青少年肥胖的影响:个案研究

Autism Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-12-10 DOI: 10.1155/2015/128365

Brandy E. Strahan, J. Elder

{"title":"Video Game Playing Effects on Obesity in an Adolescent with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Study","authors":"Brandy E. Strahan, J. Elder","doi":"10.1155/2015/128365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/128365","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescent obesity has tripled in the past two decades, and adolescents with disabilities, specifically autism spectrum disorders (ASD), may be at greater risk for obesity due to the behavioral, physical, and psychosocial complications related to their disorder. This case study reports the effects of video game playing on an obese adolescent with ASD and illustrates the use of a multiple baseline single subject design. Over 12 weeks, the participant played inactive (6 weeks) and active video games (6 weeks) on the Wii console. Physiological data were evaluated weekly at home. Stress and anxiety were measured via the Stress Survey Schedule for Individuals with Autism and Other Pervasive Non-Developmental Disorders (SSS) and the Behavior Assessment System for Children Second Edition (BASC-2) pre- and postintervention. The Therapy Attitude Inventory (TAI) was used to determine parental perception of video game playing as a socially valid intervention to reduce stress and anxiety. Results demonstrated that active video game playing slowed and/or reduced weight and BMI with minimal changes to waist-to-hip ratios, triceps skinfolds, and stress and anxiety. This study demonstrates how alternative methods for physical activity may be used to improve health outcomes of overweight/obese adolescents with ASD and suggests directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":8659,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research and Treatment","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83994503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Characteristics of Two-Year College Students on the Autism Spectrum and Their Support Services Experiences 两年制大学生自闭症谱系特征及其支持服务体验

Autism Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-11-15 DOI: 10.1155/2015/391693

Anne M. Roux, P. Shattuck, Jessica E Rast, Julianna Rava, A. D. Edwards, Xin Wei, Mary McCracken, Jennifer Yu

{"title":"Characteristics of Two-Year College Students on the Autism Spectrum and Their Support Services Experiences","authors":"Anne M. Roux, P. Shattuck, Jessica E Rast, Julianna Rava, A. D. Edwards, Xin Wei, Mary McCracken, Jennifer Yu","doi":"10.1155/2015/391693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/391693","url":null,"abstract":"Approximately 80% of college-going youth with autism in the US attend a 2-year college at some point. These community-based, universally accessible institutions offer both academic and vocational courses and have experience in teaching diverse learners. This study used nationally representative survey data from the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 to describe the characteristics and services experiences of adults with autism who attended postsecondary education after high school, focusing on those who attended a 2-year college. Over 60% of those who attended 2-year colleges had little to no trouble conversing or performing functional skills like counting change during high school, and extracurricular participation was common (93.8%). Most 2-year college attenders (85.7%) were able to navigate to places outside the home versus 43.9% of those with no postsecondary education. Over half took vocational courses at 2-year colleges, while one-quarter pursued academic study. Less than half (48.6%) of those who disclosed their disability to the school reported receiving services, accommodations, or other help. Most (87.3%) felt they received enough help, but fewer (68.0%) felt the services they received were useful. Future research should delineate specific needs of students with autism in 2-year college settings and identify what supports are needed to improve persistence and completion rates.","PeriodicalId":8659,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research and Treatment","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73316458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

Parenting Behavior in Mothers of Preschool Children with ASD: Development of a Self-Report Questionnaire 学龄前自闭症儿童母亲的教养行为:自我报告问卷的编制

Autism Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1155/2015/381236

Greet Lambrechts, J. Maljaars, H. Boonen, Lotte van Esch, K. Van Leeuwen, I. Noens

引用次数: 13

About Face: Evaluating and Managing Tactile Impairment at the Time of Autism Diagnosis 关于脸:自闭症诊断时触觉障碍的评估与处理

Autism Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-10-28 DOI: 10.1155/2015/612507

Louisa M. T. Silva, Mark Schalock, Kristen R. Gabrielsen

{"title":"About Face: Evaluating and Managing Tactile Impairment at the Time of Autism Diagnosis","authors":"Louisa M. T. Silva, Mark Schalock, Kristen R. Gabrielsen","doi":"10.1155/2015/612507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/612507","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation for sensory impairment is a routine part of autism diagnosis. Sensory impairment of hearing, vision, or touch results in developmental delay and must be addressed before delay can resolve. Recent studies confirm that tactile impairment is present in autism and can be effectively treated with a tactile stimulation protocol. The research suggests a change in management at the time of autism diagnosis to include evaluation and treatment of tactile impairment. Here we validate screening and management tool for tactile impairment, the Autism Touch and Self-Regulation Checklist, in 404 typical and autistic preschool children. The tool assesses tactile impairment by location and severity. Autistic children were distinguished by mixed pain and numbness on multiple areas including the face and mouth (F = 412.1 (1,402);p < .000). Oral-facial tactile impairment interferes with the tactile stimulus to orienting. We hypothesized that oral-facial tactile impairment and difficulty orienting are predictive of ASD and that severity of tactile impairment is predictive of severity of ASD. Questions evaluating oral-facial and orienting responses correctly predicted 91% of the autism group. Severity of tactile impairment correctly predicted 81% of mild versus severe ASD. Results underscore the importance of evaluating and treating tactile impairment at the time of autism diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":8659,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research and Treatment","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80014420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Early Intervention with a Parent-Delivered Massage Protocol Directed at Tactile Abnormalities Decreases Severity of Autism and Improves Child-to-Parent Interactions: A Replication Study. 针对触觉异常的父母提供的按摩方案的早期干预降低了自闭症的严重程度并改善了儿童与父母的互动:一项重复研究。

Autism Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-03-24 DOI: 10.1155/2015/904585

Louisa M T Silva, Mark Schalock, Kristen R Gabrielsen, Sarojini S Budden, Martha Buenrostro, Gretchen Horton

{"title":"Early Intervention with a Parent-Delivered Massage Protocol Directed at Tactile Abnormalities Decreases Severity of Autism and Improves Child-to-Parent Interactions: A Replication Study.","authors":"Louisa M T Silva, Mark Schalock, Kristen R Gabrielsen, Sarojini S Budden, Martha Buenrostro, Gretchen Horton","doi":"10.1155/2015/904585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/904585","url":null,"abstract":"Tactile abnormalities are severe and universal in preschool children with autism. They respond well to treatment with a daily massage protocol directed at tactile abnormalities (QST massage for autism). Treatment is based on a model for autism proposing that tactile impairment poses a barrier to development. Two previous randomized controlled trials evaluating five months of massage treatment reported improvement of behavior, social/communication skills, and tactile and other sensory symptoms. This is the first report from a two-year replication study evaluating the protocol in 103 preschool children with autism. Parents gave daily treatment; trained staff gave weekly treatment and parent support. Five-month outcomes replicated earlier studies and showed normalization of receptive language (18%, P = .03), autistic behavior (32%, P = .006), total sensory abnormalities (38%, P = .0000005), tactile abnormalities (49%, P = .0002), and decreased autism severity (medium to large effect size, P = .008). In addition, parents reported improved child-to-parent interactions, bonding, and decreased parenting stress (44%, P = .00008). Early childhood special education programs are tasked with addressing sensory abnormalities and engaging parents in effective home programs. Until now, they have lacked research-based methods to do so. This program fulfills the need. It is recommended to parents and ECSE programs (ages 3-5) at autism diagnosis. ","PeriodicalId":8659,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research and Treatment","volume":"2015 ","pages":"904585"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/904585","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33096680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Knowledge of Childhood Autism and Challenges of Management among Medical Doctors in Kaduna State, Northwest Nigeria. 尼日利亚西北部卡杜纳州医生对儿童自闭症的了解和管理挑战。

Autism Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-03-23 DOI: 10.1155/2015/892301

E E Eseigbe, F T Nuhu, T L Sheikh, P Eseigbe, K A Sanni, V O Olisah

{"title":"Knowledge of Childhood Autism and Challenges of Management among Medical Doctors in Kaduna State, Northwest Nigeria.","authors":"E E Eseigbe, F T Nuhu, T L Sheikh, P Eseigbe, K A Sanni, V O Olisah","doi":"10.1155/2015/892301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/892301","url":null,"abstract":"Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with serious implications in childhood. There is a significant gap in the identification and provision of health and social services for autism in Africa. The knowledge of autism among health care providers and identifying challenges associated with its management could facilitate bridging the gap and ensuring better outcomes. A self-administered tool, the Knowledge about Childhood Autism among Health Workers (KCAHW) questionnaire, was used in assessing knowledge of autism among 175 medical doctors (participants) attending an annual scientific meeting in northwest Nigeria. Other parameters assessed were sociodemographic and professional characteristics of the participants and challenges encountered in the management of autism. Out of 175 questionnaires distributed, 167 (95.4%) were returned. Good knowledge (KCAHW score ≥15) was significantly associated with being a paediatrician or psychiatrist and practicing in a tertiary health facility (P < 0.05), while poor knowledge (KCAHW score <15) was significant among general practitioners (P < 0.05). The highest knowledge gap was associated with onset of autism and its comorbidities (KCAHW Domain 4) while the least was concerning communication impairments (KCAHW Domain 2). Major challenges encountered in autism management were dearth of specialist services, cost of evaluation, and poor caregiver perspectives of autism. ","PeriodicalId":8659,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research and Treatment","volume":"2015 ","pages":"892301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/892301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33096679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 56

Preliminary efficacy of adapted responsive teaching for infants at risk of autism spectrum disorder in a community sample. 在社区样本中，针对自闭症谱系障碍高危婴儿的适应性反应教学的初步效果。

Autism Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-01-11 DOI: 10.1155/2015/386951

Grace T Baranek, Linda R Watson, Lauren Turner-Brown, Samuel H Field, Elizabeth R Crais, Linn Wakeford, Lauren M Little, J Steven Reznick

{"title":"Preliminary efficacy of adapted responsive teaching for infants at risk of autism spectrum disorder in a community sample.","authors":"Grace T Baranek, Linda R Watson, Lauren Turner-Brown, Samuel H Field, Elizabeth R Crais, Linn Wakeford, Lauren M Little, J Steven Reznick","doi":"10.1155/2015/386951","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2015/386951","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the (a) feasibility of enrolling 12-month-olds at risk of ASD from a community sample into a randomized controlled trial, (b) subsequent utilization of community services, and (c) potential of a novel parent-mediated intervention to improve outcomes. The First Year Inventory was used to screen and recruit 12-month-old infants at risk of ASD to compare the effects of 6-9 months of Adapted Responsive Teaching (ART) versus referral to early intervention and monitoring (REIM). Eighteen families were followed for ~20 months. Assessments were conducted before randomization, after treatment, and at 6-month follow-up. Utilization of community services was highest for the REIM group. ART significantly outperformed REIM on parent-reported and observed measures of child receptive language with good linear model fit. Multiphase growth models had better fit for more variables, showing the greatest effects in the active treatment phase, where ART outperformed REIM on parental interactive style (less directive), child sensory responsiveness (less hyporesponsive), and adaptive behavior (increased communication and socialization). This study demonstrates the promise of a parent-mediated intervention for improving developmental outcomes for infants at risk of ASD in a community sample and highlights the utility of earlier identification for access to community services earlier than standard practice. ","PeriodicalId":8659,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research and Treatment","volume":"2015 ","pages":"386951"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4306223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33026255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parent-Child Agreement Using the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale and a Thermometer in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. 使用Spence儿童焦虑量表和体温计在自闭症谱系障碍儿童中的亲子协议。

Autism Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-04-02 DOI: 10.1155/2015/315495

T May, K Cornish, N J Rinehart

引用次数: 16

Gait deviations in children with autism spectrum disorders: a review. 自闭症谱系障碍儿童的步态偏差:综述。

Autism Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-04-02 DOI: 10.1155/2015/741480

Deirdre Kindregan, Louise Gallagher, John Gormley

{"title":"Gait deviations in children with autism spectrum disorders: a review.","authors":"Deirdre Kindregan, Louise Gallagher, John Gormley","doi":"10.1155/2015/741480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/741480","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, it has become clear that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have difficulty with gross motor function and coordination, factors which influence gait. Knowledge of gait abnormalities may be useful for assessment and treatment planning. This paper reviews the literature assessing gait deviations in children with ASD. Five online databases were searched using keywords \"gait\" and \"autism,\" and 11 studies were found which examined gait in childhood ASD. Children with ASD tend to augment their walking stability with a reduced stride length, increased step width and therefore wider base of support, and increased time in the stance phase. Children with ASD have reduced range of motion at the ankle and knee during gait, with increased hip flexion. Decreased peak hip flexor and ankle plantar flexor moments in children with ASD may imply weakness around these joints, which is further exhibited by a reduction in ground reaction forces at toe-off in children with ASD. Children with ASD have altered gait patterns to healthy controls, widened base of support, and reduced range of motion. Several studies refer to cerebellar and basal ganglia involvement as the patterns described suggest alterations in those areas of the brain. Further research should compare children with ASD to other clinical groups to improve assessment and treatment planning. ","PeriodicalId":8659,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research and Treatment","volume":"2015 ","pages":"741480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/741480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33259359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 111

Gaze Behavior of Children with ASD toward Pictures of Facial Expressions. ASD儿童对面部表情图片的注视行为

Autism Research and Treatment Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-19 DOI: 10.1155/2015/617190

Soichiro Matsuda, Yasuyo Minagawa, Junichi Yamamoto

{"title":"Gaze Behavior of Children with ASD toward Pictures of Facial Expressions.","authors":"Soichiro Matsuda, Yasuyo Minagawa, Junichi Yamamoto","doi":"10.1155/2015/617190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/617190","url":null,"abstract":"Atypical gaze behavior in response to a face has been well documented in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Children with ASD appear to differ from typically developing (TD) children in gaze behavior for spoken and dynamic face stimuli but not for nonspeaking, static face stimuli. Furthermore, children with ASD and TD children show a difference in their gaze behavior for certain expressions. However, few studies have examined the relationship between autism severity and gaze behavior toward certain facial expressions. The present study replicated and extended previous studies by examining gaze behavior towards pictures of facial expressions. We presented ASD and TD children with pictures of surprised, happy, neutral, angry, and sad facial expressions. Autism severity was assessed using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). The results showed that there was no group difference in gaze behavior when looking at pictures of facial expressions. Conversely, the children with ASD who had more severe autistic symptomatology had a tendency to gaze at angry facial expressions for a shorter duration in comparison to other facial expressions. These findings suggest that autism severity should be considered when examining atypical responses to certain facial expressions. ","PeriodicalId":8659,"journal":{"name":"Autism Research and Treatment","volume":"2015 ","pages":"617190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/617190","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33401385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27