Atherosclerosis最新文献

{"title":"Early anti-inflammatory therapy in acute myocardial infarction: A network meta-analysis of timing-dependent effects in 23 randomized trials and 28,220 patients","authors":"Borja Rivero-Santana ,&nbsp;Jesús Saldaña-García ,&nbsp;Alfonso Jurado-Román ,&nbsp;Paula Cantolla-Pablo ,&nbsp;Marta Gil-Fernández ,&nbsp;José López-Sendón ,&nbsp;Jean-Claude Tardif ,&nbsp;Raúl Moreno ,&nbsp;María Fernández-Velasco","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>The timing of anti-inflammatory therapy in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may be critical, yet has not been systematically assessed. While several agents have shown benefit in secondary prevention, their efficacy during the early inflammatory phase of AMI remains uncertain. This study evaluated the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory therapies in AMI and whether early initiation within 24 h of symptom onset modifies clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a network meta-analysis of 23 randomized controlled trials including 28,220 patients with AMI. Interventions included colchicine, anakinra (IL-1β inhibitor), tocilizumab (IL-6 inhibitor), varespladib (PLA2 inhibitor), losmapimod (p38 MAPK inhibitor), cyclosporine (mitochondrial pore inhibitor), and pexelizumab (complement C5 inhibitor). Primary outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), heart failure (HF), and ischemic events. Treatment effects were summarized as incidence rate ratios (IRRs), defined as the ratio of incidence rates between intervention and control groups. Subgroup analyses stratified trials by treatment initiation ≤24 h vs &gt; 24 h from symptom onset.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Colchicine significantly reduced MACE ([IRR] 0.71; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.53–0.97) and ischemic events (IRR 0.65; 95 % CI 0.43–0.98). Anakinra reduced HF events (IRR 0.38; 95 % CI 0.16–0.89). These effects were observed exclusively when treatment was initiated within 24 h. No benefit was seen with delayed therapy, and no other intervention showed clinical efficacy. Safety outcomes, including infection risk, were neutral across treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This network meta-analysis demonstrates that anti-inflammatory therapy improves outcomes in AMI only when initiated early. Colchicine and anakinra were the only effective agents, highlighting a narrow therapeutic window and supporting a time-sensitive approach to inflammation-targeted treatment in AMI</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 120443"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and impact of statin use in pregnant women with familial hypercholesterolemia","authors":"Karianne Svendsen ,&nbsp;Jacob Juel Christensen ,&nbsp;Jannicke Igland ,&nbsp;Henriette Walaas Krogh ,&nbsp;Liv J. Mundal ,&nbsp;David R. Jacobs Jr. ,&nbsp;Martin P. Bogsrud ,&nbsp;Kirsten B. Holven ,&nbsp;Kjetil Retterstøl","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Sparse data exist on the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). We investigated associations between FH and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and between statin exposure in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with FH.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We studied 3869 pregnancies among 1869 women with genetically-proven FH and 68225 pregnancies among 33661 women from the general population. Data on adverse pregnancy outcomes were obtained during 1967–2018 from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Data on pharmacy-dispensed statins were obtained from the Norwegian prescription database (2004–2018) in 1051 women with FH. Associations were presented as odds ratio (OR) with 95 % CI from logistic regression adjusted for mother's age, parity, and offspring's birth year.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Women with FH had a higher risk of preeclampsia (OR 1.21 [1.00–1.46]), but lower risk for gestational diabetes (OR 0.58 [0.36–0.92]) and intrapartum hemorrhage during delivery (OR 0.81 [0.71–0.92]) compared to controls. No excess risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in offspring was observed for FH. Among women with FH, statin exposure (mainly in the first trimester) may be associated with higher risk of low birth weight in offspring born at term (OR 2.42 [0.51, 11.45]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Women with FH had lower risk of gestational diabetes and intrapartum hemorrhage, but a higher risk of preeclampsia compared to controls. No adverse birth outcomes were observed for offspring of mothers with FH, but the association between statin exposure in pregnant women with FH and low birth weight in offspring warrants further study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 120442"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pressure- and flow-driven biomechanical factors and carotid atherosclerosis.","authors":"Johann Auer, Paul F Harbich, Julia Auer, Lisa Auer","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120444","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"120444"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes to the serum lipidome and their relation to coronary plaque in the first six months after acute myocardial infarction","authors":"Jake B. White ,&nbsp;Andrew Lin ,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Montarello ,&nbsp;Christina A. Bursill ,&nbsp;Gemma A. Figtree ,&nbsp;Damini Dey ,&nbsp;Marten F. Snel ,&nbsp;Johan W. Verjans ,&nbsp;Dennis TL. Wong ,&nbsp;Peter J. Psaltis","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The measurement of lipid species in blood holds promise for identifying new biomarkers associated with coronary atherosclerosis. Here, we examined for relationships between circulating lipid species and coronary plaque changes following acute myocardial infarction (MI) in patients on guideline-recommended treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this <em>post</em><em>-</em><em>hoc</em> analysis of the INFLAME study, patients presenting with MI underwent serum lipidomic analysis and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) during admission and at 6-month follow-up. Quantitative CCTA plaque analysis was performed on the highest-grade, non-culprit stenosis. A hybrid targeted/untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry strategy was used to identify changes in lipids associated with plaque measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>48 paired samples from 24 participants with complete imaging and biochemical datasets formed the study basis. Two sphingolipid classes, sphingomyelin (SM) (<em>p</em>.adj&lt;0.001) and ceramides (Cer) (<em>p</em>.adj = 0.02) decreased post-MI as measured by percentage composition of the total serum lipid pool, whereas the lysolipids, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (<em>p</em>.adj&lt;0.001) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) (<em>p</em>.adj = 0.04) increased. In multivariable linear regression analysis, each standard deviation temporal decrease in LPC 15:0 or phosphatidyl choline (PC) 39:6 associated with &gt;4 % decreases in total plaque burden. Furthermore, reduction of LPC 15:0 associated with enhanced reduction in low-attenuation plaque burden, and reductions of LPC 18:0 and PC 39:6 with greater reduction of non-calcified plaque burden. Similarly, each standard deviation reduction in the sphingolipids, Cer d43:1 and SM d38:2, associated with &gt;4 % decreases in low-attenuation plaque composition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In the early post-MI period, guideline-recommended treatment is accompanied by decreases in sphingolipids, increases in lysolipids, and alterations in the fatty acid composition of lipid subclasses, with some lipidomic changes associating with favorable changes in coronary plaque characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 120421"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCSK9 inhibitors and aging: Does chronological age matter?","authors":"Mohammad Al Mouslmani, Armin Nouri, Abdulla A Damluji, Michael G Nanna","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120428","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"120428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond stenosis: Is CT enough to assess the vulnerable carotid plaque?","authors":"Edoardo Conte","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120422","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"120422"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein-truncating variants of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene and risk for coronary artery disease among patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia","authors":"Hayato Tada ,&nbsp;Atsushi Furukawa ,&nbsp;Nobuko Kojima ,&nbsp;Soichiro Usui ,&nbsp;Kenji Sakata ,&nbsp;Masa-aki Kawashiri ,&nbsp;Masayuki Takamura","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>s: Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibition has long been attracting a lot of attention if it could reduce the risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). A previous study has demonstrated that protein-truncating variants (PTVs) were associated with lower risk for CAD, which was dependent on lower LDL cholesterol in general population. We tested this hypothesis among Japanese heterozygous FH (HeFH) patients whose CAD risk was extremely high.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We investigated the clinical data of 2344 patients diagnosed with HeFH (mean age = 50 years, males = 1,174, median LDL cholesterol = 244 mg/dL) who were examined for their genotype of <em>CETP</em> and phenotypes, including the presence of CAD from 1990 to 2024 at Kanazawa University Hospital. We investigated whether PTVs of the <em>CETP</em> were associated with plasma lipid levels and CAD among patients with HeFH.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 42 patients (1.8 %) with a PTV of <em>CETP</em> in HeFH patients. Compared with non-carriers, carriers of a PTV of <em>CETP</em> had higher HDL cholesterol (effect size, 17.6 mg/dL; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 11.4 to 23.8; P &lt; 0.001), lower LDL cholesterol (−15.4 mg/dL; 95 % CI, −24.5 to −6.3; P &lt; 0.001), and lower lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] (−7.8 mg/dL; 95 % CI, −12.5 to −2.5; P &lt; 0.001). <em>CETP</em> PTV carrier status was associated with reduced risk for CAD (odds ratio, 0.64; 95 % CI, 0.38 to 0.90; P &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PTVs of <em>CETP</em> were significantly associated with higher HDL cholesterol, lower LDL cholesterol, lower Lp(a), and lower risk for CAD among patients with HeFH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 120417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of lipid-lowering therapies on lipoprotein(a) levels: a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Sining Xie ,&nbsp;Federica Galimberti ,&nbsp;Elena Olmastroni ,&nbsp;Stefano Carugo ,&nbsp;Alberico L. Catapano ,&nbsp;Manuela Casula ,&nbsp;META-LIPID Group","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is an independent and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this study we aimed at assessing the effect of currently available lipid-lowering therapies (LLTs) on Lp(a) plasma levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A meta-analysis was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Databases were searched up to May 2025. Inclusion criteria were: (1) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults (≥18 years), phase II, III or IV; (2) English language; (3) comparing the effect of lipid-lowering drugs vs placebo (addition of the same drug to both intervention and control group was acceptable); (4) reporting the effects on Lp(a) levels; (5) intervention duration of more than 3 weeks. The between-group (treatment-placebo) Lp(a) absolute mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each drug class separately.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 145,314 subjects from 147 RCTs were included. Statins, bempedoic acid, ezetimibe, omega-3 fatty acids, and fibrates did not affect Lp(a) concentration. Lp(a) levels were significantly reduced by PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies (PCSK9mAbs, −6.37 mg/dL [-7.26 to −5.47], a 29% reduction from baseline), inclisiran (−4.76 mg/dL [-5.83 to −3.69], a 22% reduction from baseline), CETP inhibitors (CETPi, −6.77 mg/dL [-8.67 to −4.88], a 46% reduction from baseline), and niacin (−7.06 mg/dL [-9.27 to −4.85], a 37% reduction from baseline). In the subgroup analysis by baseline Lp(a) levels, a larger absolute reduction of Lp(a) levels was observed with increasing baseline levels of Lp(a) for PCSK9mAbs, inclisiran, and CETPi.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among available LLTs, PCSK9mAbs, inclisiran, CETPi, and niacin significantly decreased Lp(a) levels. Further research is necessary to understand whether this effect would translate into a clinically relevant cardiovascular benefit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"408 ","pages":"Article 120420"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversal of foam cell formation by removal of 7-ketocholesterol with the cyclodextrin dimer UDP-003: a new potential drug candidate to promote atherosclerotic plaque regression.","authors":"Gérard Lizard","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120419","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"120419"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Out of control: Cre-ating confounders in atherosclerosis research","authors":"Stephen G. Malin ,&nbsp;Florentina Porsch","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"407 ","pages":"Article 120418"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}