Atherosclerosis最新文献

{"title":"Ethnic variations in neutrophil count as predictors of prognosis following acute myocardial infarction","authors":"Matthew Sadler ,&nbsp;Antonio Cannata ,&nbsp;Sarah Mackie ,&nbsp;Rupavidhya Mondi Anandhakrishna ,&nbsp;Fulye Argunhan ,&nbsp;Emma Ferone ,&nbsp;Al-Agil Mohammad ,&nbsp;Jamila Salim ,&nbsp;Narun Tantichirasakul ,&nbsp;Mei Tung Lam ,&nbsp;Josel Ambon ,&nbsp;Aamir Shamsi ,&nbsp;Susan Piper ,&nbsp;Giorgio Napolitani ,&nbsp;Ajay M. Shah ,&nbsp;Theresa McDonagh ,&nbsp;Paul A. Scott ,&nbsp;Lynn Quek ,&nbsp;Daniel I. Bromage","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Elevated neutrophils are associated with a poor prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) but it is not known if ethnicity influences the association between neutrophil count and outcome. We aimed to describe the temporal dynamics of neutrophils after AMI, and assess the interaction between ethnicity, neutrophil count, and outcomes after AMI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Consecutive patients presenting with AMI between 2016 and 2023 were divided into two groups according to their median neutrophil count. Ethnicity was dichotomised as white and other ethnic groups combined (referred to as ‘ethnic minorities’). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, with a secondary outcome of 60-day mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our study of 3062 AMI patients (76 % white, 24 % from ethnic minority groups), we found that neutrophil counts rose early post AMI, which coincided with a nadir of the other cell groups. We identified a relative baseline neutropenia in ethnic minority individuals, compared to white individuals (6.85 vs 8.42 × 10⁹/L). We observed a significant, independent association between elevated neutrophils at baseline and the primary outcome of in-hospital mortality (OR 2.06, p &lt; 0.001) and secondary outcome of 60-day all-cause mortality (HR 1.08, p = 0.002). Sub-group analysis revealed a significant interaction between ethnicity and elevated neutrophils (p = 0.004), indicating that a comparable neutrophil count conferred an increased risk for ethnic minority patients for both outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We report ethnicity-specific leucocyte dynamics after AMI. Furthermore, neutrophil count is associated with a disproportionate risk in ethnic minority compared with white individuals. Understanding post-AMI inflammation and its interaction with ethnicity is essential in providing personalised prognostication and patient management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119169"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global deletion of the LXR-regulated gene EEPD1 reveals macrophage-specific changes in lipid metabolism and cholesterol efflux","authors":"Suzanne A.E. van Wouw ,&nbsp;Melanie Loix ,&nbsp;Roelof Ottenhoff ,&nbsp;Jenina Kingma ,&nbsp;Aldo Jongejan ,&nbsp;Jeroen Bogie ,&nbsp;Menno Hoekstra ,&nbsp;Noam Zelcer","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>We recently reported that Endonuclease/Exonuclease/Phosphatase family Domain containing 1 (EEPD1) is a transcriptional target of the sterol-responsive nuclear Liver X Receptors (LXR) in macrophages. The aim of this study is to clarify the <em>in vivo</em> role of EEPD1 in whole-body and macrophage lipid handling, and in the development of atherosclerosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed mice with global deletion of <em>Eepd1</em> and challenged them with a high-fat- and a Western-type diet. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were used for profiling transcriptomic and lipidomic changes, and evaluating cholesterol efflux in the absence of <em>Eepd1</em>. We transplanted bone marrow from wildtype and <em>Eepd1</em>^<em>KO</em> mice into <em>Ldlr</em>^<em>KO</em> recipients to assess the role of myeloid-specific EEPD1 in atherogenesis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>Eepd1</em>^<em>KO</em> mice were indistinguishable from wildtype controls when fed a low-fat diet. However, when challenged with a high-fat diet or a cholesterol-containing western diet, <em>Eepd1</em>^<em>KO</em> displayed enhanced weight gain, with no evident changes in plasma and hepatic lipid levels observed. Consistent with our earlier report, BMDM isolated from <em>Eepd1</em>^<em>KO</em> mice had attenuated LXR-stimulated cholesterol efflux to high density lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein A1 when compared to wildtype cells. The transcriptomic and lipidomic landscape of these cells revealed a small reduction in expression of cholesterol biosynthetic genes in LXR-stimulated <em>Eepd1</em>^<em>KO</em> cells, and prominent changes in diacylglycerol and hexosylceramides level and species. Changes were also observed in triglyceride and cholesterol-ester species. Myeloid-specific loss of <em>Eepd1</em> did not alter atherosclerotic plaque size and collagen content in bone marrow-transplanted <em>Ldlr</em>^<em>KO</em> recipients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Loss of <em>Eepd1</em> results in an altered lipidomic landscape and reduced LXR-stimulated cholesterol efflux in BMDM, but myeloid-specific loss of <em>Eepd1</em> does not influence atherogenesis in mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver and atherosclerotic risk of alcohol consumption in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease","authors":"Shao-Wen Wang ,&nbsp;Ching Wang ,&nbsp;Yu-Ming Cheng ,&nbsp;Tsung-Han Hsieh ,&nbsp;Chia-Chi Wang ,&nbsp;Jia-Horng Kao","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>A new disease name, \"Steatotic Liver Disease (SLD)\" was proposed in 2023. Within this algorithm, combined metabolic and alcoholic liver disease (MetALD) was named as a new specific subgroup. The clinical profiles and outcomes of MetALD patients are unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants from Taiwan Biobank database after exclusion those with positive for HBsAg, anti-HCV, and former drinkers were selected. MASLD was diagnosed if having hepatic steatosis on ultrasound plus at least one of cardiometabolic criteria. Increased or moderate alcohol intake was defined as continuous drinkers with alcohol consumption exceeding 210 g for men and 140 g for women weekly or below the levels, respectively. The fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) score was used to assess the severity of liver fibrosis, and carotid plaques on duplex ultrasound were employed to diagnose atherosclerosis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a total of 18,160 (mean age 55.28 ± 10.41; 33.2 % males) participants, there were 7316 (40.3 %) MASLD patients and 209 (1.2 %) MetALD patients. The participants with MetALD were younger and male predominant. After propensity score matching for age and gender, MetALD patients had higher AST, GGT, fatty liver index (FLI), and FIB-4 score and tended to have a higher proportion of carotid plaques than MASLD patients. Among MASLD patients, those with moderate alcohol intake had higher values of GGT, FLI, and FIB-4 score and a higher proportion of carotid plaques than those with no or social alcohol intake.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MetALD patients have a higher risk of liver injury than those with MASLD. Moreover, moderatet alcohol intake also increases the risk of liver injury and atherosclerotic in MASLD patients, suggesting MASLD patients should refrain from alcohol intake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The links between soil and water pollution and cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Thomas Münzel, Marin Kuntic, Jos Lelieveld, Michael Aschner, Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen, Philip J Landrigan, Andreas Daiber","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil and water pollution represent significant threats to global health, ecosystems, and biodiversity. Healthy soils underpin terrestrial ecosystems, supporting food production, biodiversity, water retention, and carbon sequestration. However, soil degradation jeopardizes the health of 3.2 billion people, while over 2 billion live in water-stressed regions. Pollution of soil, air, and water is a leading environmental cause of disease, contributing to over 9 million premature deaths annually. Soil contamination stems from heavy metals, synthetic chemicals, pesticides, and plastics, driven by industrial activity, agriculture, and waste mismanagement. These pollutants induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and hormonal disruption, significantly increasing risks for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Emerging contaminants like micro- and nanoplastics amplify health risks through cellular damage, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular dysfunction. Urbanization and climate change exacerbate soil degradation through deforestation, overfertilization, and pollution, further threatening ecosystem sustainability and human health. Mitigation efforts, such as reducing chemical exposure, adopting sustainable land-use practices, and advancing urban planning, have shown promise in lowering pollution-related health impacts. Public health initiatives, stricter pollution controls, and lifestyle interventions, including antioxidant-rich diets, can also mitigate risks. Pollution remains preventable, as demonstrated by high-income nations implementing cost-effective solutions. Policies like the European Commission's Zero-Pollution Vision aim to reduce pollution to safe levels by 2050, promoting sustainable ecosystems and public health. Addressing soil pollution is critical to combating the global burden of NCDs, particularly CVDs, and fostering a healthier environment for future generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":" ","pages":"119160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation on coronary computed tomography angiography: Possibilities and challenges","authors":"Alexander C. Razavi ,&nbsp;Seamus P. Whelton ,&nbsp;Mouaz H. Al-Mallah","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"402 ","pages":"Article 119105"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incremental prognostic value of pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation beyond conventional features in patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease","authors":"Nan Zheng ,&nbsp;Zinuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yipu Ding ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Guanhua Dou ,&nbsp;Ran Xin ,&nbsp;Ziqiang Guo ,&nbsp;Guanxi Chen ,&nbsp;Jing Jing ,&nbsp;Bai He ,&nbsp;Dongkai Shan ,&nbsp;Junjie Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.119075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.119075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>It remains uncertain whether pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation (PCATa) is associated with clinical outcome in patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). We aim to investigate the incremental prognostic value of PCATa beyond clinical and coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) features in patients with nonobstructive CAD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Consecutive patients with chest pain suspected of CAD referred for CCTA from January 2017 to December 2018 were prospectively included. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was employed to identify the predictive factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), while the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was utilized to assess the discriminatory capacity of PCATa. Kaplan-Meier curves were ultilized to visually represent event-free survival and were compared using Log-rank tests among groups stratified by high-risk plaque (HRP) and PCATa.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 1614 patients (mean age 59.0 years, 55.6 % male) with nonobstructive CAD, 68 (4.2 %) suffered MACE during a median follow-up of 28.6 months. After multivariable adjustment, PCATa was identified as an independent predictor (HR: 1.060, 95%CI: 1.025–1.096, <em>p</em> = 0.001). The inclusion of PCATa significantly enhanced the discrimination capacity [AUC:0.72 (0.66–0.78), <em>p</em> = 0.041] and risk reclassification (NRI = 1.99, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; IDI = 0.93, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) beyond the influence of clinical and CCTA factors. In the presence of HRP, a higher PCATa was found to be associated with a relatively higher risk of MACE compared to a lower PCATa (HR: 2.45, 95%CI: 1.09–5.52, <em>p</em> = 0.031).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PCATa is positively correlated with adverse outcome in patients with nonobstructive CAD, and it offers incremental predictive value beyond clinical variables and CCTA characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"402 ","pages":"Article 119075"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroptosis: A novel paradigm in the pathophysiology of MINOCA","authors":"Uğur Özkan ,&nbsp;Meral Kayıkçıoğlu ,&nbsp;Servet Altay","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.119097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.119097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"402 ","pages":"Article 119097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myocardial infarction in second-generation immigrants compared to native-born Swedes in the total population of Sweden","authors":"Per Wändell ,&nbsp;Xinjun Li ,&nbsp;Axel C. Carlsson ,&nbsp;Jan Sundquist ,&nbsp;Kristina Sundquist","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.119102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.119102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Environmental and genetic factors predispose to cardiovascular disease. Some first-generation immigrants have a higher cardiovascular risk in Sweden, while less is known about second-generation immigrants. We aimed to analyze the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among second-generation immigrants in Sweden.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included all individuals 18 years of age and older in Sweden, n = 4,580,967. AMI was defined as at least one registered diagnosis in the National Patient Register between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2018. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the relative risk (hazard ratio = HR) with 99 % confidence interval (CI) of incident AMI with adjustments made for age, sociodemographics, and comorbidities, and also subdivided into two age groups, i.e., 18–54 years and ≥55 years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 158,815 AMI events were registered. Fully adjusted models showed HRs (99 % CI) in second-generation immigrants for men 1.05 (1.01–1.08), and for women 0.99 (0.94–1.05). A marginally higher MI risk was found only among men with parents from the Nordic countries in the fully adjusted model, HR 1.05 (1.01–1.10), and a lower risk only among women with parents from Asian countries, HR 0.47 (0.30–0.75). No significant overall differences in AMI risk were seen in older and younger second-generation immigrants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The overall risk of AMI was similar for most groups of men and women with foreign-born parents compared to native-born Swedes. Our findings suggest that environmental factors may be more important than genetic factors, but further studies are needed to quantify these risks concerning AMI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"402 ","pages":"Article 119102"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fgf23 expression increases atherosclerotic plaque burden in male ApoE deficient mice","authors":"Karolina Lindberg ,&nbsp;Olga Ovchinnikova ,&nbsp;Matthias B. Moor ,&nbsp;John Pirault ,&nbsp;Daniel FJ. Ketelhuth ,&nbsp;Hannes Olauson ,&nbsp;Göran K. Hansson ,&nbsp;Tobias E. Larsson","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Components of both the innate and adaptive immune system impact on arterial walls in atherosclerosis. Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is a phosphate regulating hormone linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with and without chronic renal disease. However, it remains controversial whether FGF23 is merely a biomarker or contributes to CVD. Here, we overexpressed <em>Fgf23</em> in <em>ApoE</em>^{<em>−/−</em>}mice to delineate the role of FGF23 in atherogenesis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>10-week old <em>ApoE</em>^{<em>−/−</em>} mice received a hydrodynamic tail vein with a plasmid encoding for <em>Fgf23</em>, and were sacrificed 10 weeks later. FGF23 concentrations increased more than 400-fold in the <em>Fgf23</em> treated group, remaining high throughout the experiment. Mice in the Fgf23 group developed hypophosphatemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism and a moderate increase in plasma creatinine concentrations. Male <em>ApoE</em>^{<em>−/−</em>} mice exposed to high Fgf23 developed larger atherosclerotic lesions compared to controls, in two different locations of aorta, whereas no differences in plaque burden were seen between female <em>ApoE</em>^{<em>−/−</em>} mice and controls. Serum IL-6 concentrations were increased in the Fgf23 group, associated with a vascular inflammatory response of recruited macrophages and neutrophils, and with a shift of CD4⁺ T effector cells from Th1 to Th17 and migration of lymphocytes to the spleen.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>Fgf23</em> overexpression increases the atherosclerotic burden in male <em>ApoE</em>^{<em>−/−</em>} mice and alters both the innate immune system and T cell subpopulations, generating an inflammatory environment that may promote adverse clinical outcomes associated with FGF23 excess.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119158"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-linear associations of serum lipid levels with cognitive decline: Findings from the ELSA-Brasil cohort","authors":"Naomi Vidal Ferreira ,&nbsp;Marcio Sommer Bittencourt ,&nbsp;Giuliano Generoso ,&nbsp;Natalia Gomes-Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Sandhi Maria Barreto ,&nbsp;Luana Giatti ,&nbsp;Raul D. Santos ,&nbsp;Paulo A. Lotufo ,&nbsp;Isabela Martins Bensenor ,&nbsp;Claudia Kimie Suemoto","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Elevated low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is a modifiable risk factor for dementia, but evidence on other lipids is inconsistent, particularly in studies from low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to assess the association between lipid levels and cognitive decline in the ELSA-Brasil cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this prospective study, baseline serum lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, and non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (Non-HDL-C)] was analyzed. Cognition was assessed in three waves four years apart using the CERAD Word List, the semantic and phonemic verbal fluency, Trail Making Test B (TMT-B), and a global score.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ln 12,870 individuals at baseline, the mean (SD) age was 51.4 (8.9) years old, 55.4 % were women, and 53.4 % White. Over eight years of follow-up, inverted U-shape associations of TC with memory [Effective Degrees of Freedom (EDF) = 2.975; P = 0.006] and global cognitive decline (EDF = 2.957; P = 0.014), LDL-C with memory (EDF = 2.976; P = 0.021), verbal fluency (EDF = 2.973; P = 0.041), and global cognitive decline (EDF = 2.962; P = 0.030), and Non-HDL-C with memory (EDF = 2.975; P = 0.012) and global cognitive decline (EDF = 2.963; P = 0.035) were observed. A cubic-shaped association with TMT-B (EDF = 2.981; P = 0.005) was observed for HDL-C. Inverted U-shape associations of TC (EDF = 2.946; P &lt; 0.001), LDL-C (EDF = 2.956; P = 0.007), and Non-HDL-C (EDF = 2.951; P = 0.006) in participants aged less than 60 years and inverted U-shape associations of TC (EDF = 2.882; P = 0.044) in women were observed for global cognitive decline.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Non-linear associations of baseline serum lipids with a decline in different cognitive domains over eight years of follow-up were observed, particularly in individuals younger than 60 years and in women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}