Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Etiology including epigenetic defects of retinoblastoma","authors":"Linbin Zhou ,&nbsp;Yan Tong ,&nbsp;Bo Man Ho ,&nbsp;Jiahui Li ,&nbsp;Hoi Ying Emily Chan ,&nbsp;Tian Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Du ,&nbsp;Jing Na He ,&nbsp;Li Jia Chen ,&nbsp;Clement C. Tham ,&nbsp;Jason C. Yam ,&nbsp;Chi Pui Pang ,&nbsp;Wai Kit Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Retinoblastoma (RB), originating from the developing retina, is an aggressive intraocular malignant neoplasm in childhood. Biallelic loss of <em>RB1</em> is conventionally considered a prerequisite for initiating RB development in most RB cases. Additional genetic mutations arising from genome instability following <em>RB1</em> mutations are proposed to be required to promote RB development. Recent advancements in high throughput sequencing technologies allow a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the etiology of RB that additional genetic alterations following <em>RB1</em> biallelic loss are rare, yet epigenetic changes driven by <em>RB1</em> loss emerge as a critical contributor promoting RB tumorigenesis. Multiple epigenetic regulators have been found to be dysregulated and to contribute to RB development, including noncoding RNAs, DNA methylations, RNA modifications, chromatin conformations, and histone modifications. A full understanding of the roles of genetic and epigenetic alterations in RB formation is crucial in facilitating the translation of these findings into effective treatment strategies for RB. In this review, we summarize current knowledge concerning genetic defects and epigenetic dysregulations in RB, aiming to help understand their links and roles in RB tumorigenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100072"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000732/pdfft?md5=b4dfc704764d10f5c83d4504fe742792&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000732-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141092572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response: Comment on “Phacogoniotomy versus phacotrabeculectomy for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataract: A randomized non-inferiority trial”","authors":"Yunhe Song,&nbsp;Fei Li,&nbsp;Xiulan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100076"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S216209892400077X/pdfft?md5=078a02af33f311a5bab22e695a3dd5a5&pid=1-s2.0-S216209892400077X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141140741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic retinopathy","authors":"Jost B. Jonas","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100077","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100077"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000781/pdfft?md5=94c51c48644902d0c7e86dd6417f05b7&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000781-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of baseline factors with 1-year outcomes in the SB11-ranibizumab equivalence trial: A post hoc analysis","authors":"Se Joon Woo ,&nbsp;Jin Ah Jung ,&nbsp;Taehyung Kim ,&nbsp;Inkyung Oh ,&nbsp;Mercy Yeeun Kim ,&nbsp;Neil M. Bressler","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To identify baseline factors associated with 1-year outcomes when treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) with ranibizumab biosimilar SB11 or reference ranibizumab (rRBZ), and to compare efficacy of the two products within subgroups judged to be clinically relevant.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Post hoc analysis of a prospective, equivalence phase 3 randomized clinical trial (RCT)</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>705 patients with nAMD were randomized 1:1 to receive SB11 or rRBZ for 48 weeks. Pooled and randomized groups were used to identify baseline factors associated with clinical outcomes at Week 52 using multiple linear regression models. Significant factors identified in regression analyses were confirmed in analyses of variance. Subgroup analyses comparing best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes between SB11 and rRBZ were conducted.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>634 (89.9%) participants completed the 52-week visit. Regression analyses showed that younger age, lower BCVA, and smaller total lesion area at baseline were associated with greater BCVA gain at Week 52, while older age, lower BCVA, and thicker central subfield thickness (CST) at baseline were predictors of greater CST reduction in the pooled group. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that BCVA outcomes appeared comparable for the SB11 and rRBZ groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Post hoc analyses of the SB11-rRBZ equivalence study showed that baseline age, BCVA, CST, and total lesion area were prognostic factors for visual or anatomical outcomes of nAMD, while subgroup analyses demonstrated comparable results for SB11 and rRBZ. Collectively, the results appear comparable to similar RCTs of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor reference products for nAMD and strengthen confidence in the biosimilarity of SB11.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100069"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000707/pdfft?md5=c8cf11a3be79272bfc0b578ca7da56fc&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000707-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140954993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrepancies in reported prevalence rates of keratoconus in Russia","authors":"Alejandro Tello","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100065"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000665/pdfft?md5=b309f01559a1a1f5aa1cd4f86b838763&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000665-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140907941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic association of TIE2 with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema","authors":"Jun Yu ,&nbsp;Marten E. Brelen ,&nbsp;Carmen K.M. Chan ,&nbsp;Zhen Ji Chen ,&nbsp;Shaheeda Mohamed ,&nbsp;Jason C. Yam ,&nbsp;Dennis S.C. Lam ,&nbsp;Chi Pui Pang ,&nbsp;Clement C. Tham ,&nbsp;Li Jia Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To evaluate the associations of the <em>TIE2</em> gene with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study included a Chinese cohort of 285 non-proliferative DR patients and 433 healthy controls. The DR patients were classified further into those with or without DME. Thirty haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in <em>TIE2</em> were genotyped using TaqMan technology. Associations of DR and subtypes were analyzed by logistic regression adjusted for age and sex. Stratification association analysis by sex was performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><em>TIE2</em> rs625767 showed a nominal but consistent association with DR [odds ratio (OR) = 0.71, <em>P</em> = 0.005] and subtypes (DR without DME: OR = 0.69, <em>P</em> = 0.016; DME: OR = 0.73, <em>P</em> = 0.045). SNP rs652010 was consistently associated with overall DR (OR = 0.74, <em>P</em> = 0.011) and DR without DME (OR = 0.70, <em>P</em> = 0.016), but not with DME. Moreover, SNPs rs669441, rs10967760, rs549099 and rs639225 showed associations with overall DR, whilst rs17761403, rs664461 and rs1413825 with DR without DME. In stratification analysis, three SNPs, rs625767 (OR = 0.62, <em>P</em> = 0.005), rs669441 (OR = 0.63, <em>P</em> = 0.006) and rs652010 (OR = 0.64, <em>P</em> = 0.007), were associated with DR in females, but not in males. Moreover, one haplotype T-T defined by rs625767 and rs669441 was significantly associated with DR in females only.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study revealed <em>TIE2</em> as a susceptibility gene for DR and DME in Chinese, with a sex-specific association in females. Further validation should be warranted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100068"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000690/pdfft?md5=557de62f295c250b5dc64cbf64543286&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000690-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition probabilities of diabetic retinopathy and death in an Asian population with diabetes","authors":"Sudarshan Seshasai ,&nbsp;Feng He ,&nbsp;Betty Lam ,&nbsp;Haslina Hamzah ,&nbsp;Ching-Yu Cheng ,&nbsp;Jialiang Li ,&nbsp;Tien Yin Wong ,&nbsp;Gavin Siew Wei Tan ,&nbsp;Charumathi Sabanayagam","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To evaluate the dynamic transitions in diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity over time and associated risk factors in an Asian population with diabetes.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Longitudinal cohort study</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed data from 9481 adults in the Singapore Integrated Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program (2010–2015) with linkage to death registry. A multistate Markov model adjusted for age, sex, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diabetes duration, HbA1c, and body mass index (BMI) was applied to estimate annual transition probabilities between four DR states (no, mild, moderate, and severe/proliferative) and death, and the mean sojourn time in each state.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The median assessment interval was 12 months, with most patients having 3 assessments. Annual probabilities for DR progression (no-to-mild, mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe/proliferative) were 6.1 %, 7.0 % and 19.3 %, respectively; and for regression (mild-to-no, moderate-to-mild and severe-to-moderate) were 55.4 %, 17.3 % and 4.4 %, respectively. Annual mortality rates from each DR state were 1.2 %, 2.0 %, 18.7 %, and 30.0 %. The sojourn time in each state were 8.2, 0.8, 0.8 and 2.2 years. Higher HbA1c and SBP levels were associated with progression of no-mild and mild-moderate DR, and diabetes duration with no-to-mild and moderate-to-severe/proliferative DR. Lower HbA1c levels were associated with regression from mild-to-no and moderate-to-mild, and higher BMI with mild-to-no DR.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results suggest a prolonged duration (∼8 years) in developing mild DR, with faster transitions (within a year) from mild or moderate states. Moderate/above DR greatly increases the probability of progression and death as compared to mild DR/below. HbA1c was associated with both progression as well as regression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100070"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000719/pdfft?md5=0263ffbc445267442e3c7663ae7a45f8&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000719-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141080325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syphilitic scleritis and episcleritis: A review","authors":"Melissa K. Shields ,&nbsp;João M. Furtado ,&nbsp;Stewart R. Lake ,&nbsp;Justine R. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Scleritis and episcleritis are rare, but potentially sight-threatening forms of syphilis. To provide a full description of this neglected subset of ocular syphilis, we evaluated the English literature for reports of syphilitic scleritis and episcleritis, recording the demographics, clinical characteristics, serological data, management practices, treatment responses, and visual outcomes. Previously published descriptions of 44 patients with syphilitic scleritis (50 eyes) and 9 patients with syphilitic episcleritis (14 eyes) were identified. The predominant type of scleritis was anterior scleritis, accounting for 92.9% of cases, with nodular anterior scleritis being the most frequent subtype at 58.1%. Almost one-quarter of patients were co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Initial misdiagnosis was common and led to delays in initiating treatment with appropriate antibiotics. Visual outcomes were often good in both scleritis and episcleritis, irrespective of HIV infection status, although complications including scleral thinning, keratitis, and uveitis, along with permanent visual loss and an association with neurosyphilis, were reported. Response to antibiotic treatment was typically rapid, often within 1 week. With the rising global incidence of syphilis, testing patients with scleritis or episcleritis for this infectious disease is important to ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment for best ocular and systemic outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000744/pdfft?md5=b14457d6b0f23204e914f3c8dbf37d08&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000744-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141141944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updates on eyelid cancers","authors":"Kristina Joana Schoelles,&nbsp;Claudia Auw-Haedrich","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the five most common malignant eyelid tumors with current treatment recommendations based on international guidelines. Particular attention is paid to the clinicopathological correlation and the update with regard to adequate treatment. Newer systemic therapies enrich the existing treatment options, of which complete tumor excision remains the most important therapeutic measure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 2","pages":"Article 100057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000525/pdfft?md5=09cfa1bce3a657469c3251e5e0fe271d&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000525-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140650966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitreous metastasis from cutaneous melanoma while on checkpoint inhibitors","authors":"Thomas M. Catapano,&nbsp;Rolika Bansal,&nbsp;Carol L. Shields","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 2","pages":"Article 100050"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162098924000458/pdfft?md5=bd4583a6c643e85a3045bed008d6a50f&pid=1-s2.0-S2162098924000458-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140139841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}