{"title":"Lessons from a Brazilian miracle: Surviving and thriving in a highly inflationary environment","authors":"Bob de Wit , Boudewyn van Dyk","doi":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90038-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90038-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since the Plano Real was successfully implemented in July 1994, inflation has been curbed to normal proportions in Brazil. Until that moment, Brazil had been a highly inflationary economic environment for decades. It had reached a degree of sophistication by means of complex indexation mechanisms and a myriad of financial instruments that no other highly inflationary country had ever achieved. This article discusses the lessons that can be drawn from the pre-Plano Real period in Brazil. These lessons might prove useful in areas currently confronted with high inflation rates, such as Eastern Europe, and future highly inflationary countries. The article is based on a study among 40 senior executives from a wide variety of economic sectors in Brazil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85674,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia journal of world business","volume":"31 3","pages":"Pages 14-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90038-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55833891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forging alliances: A guide to top management","authors":"U.Srinivasa Rangan , Michael Y. Yoshino","doi":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90037-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90037-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hardly a day goes by without an announcement of the formation of an alliance among major companies around the world. But many an alliance entered into with great fanfare has turned sour. Indeed, the divorce rate is rather high. A recent study conducted by the authors suggests two major reasons for failed alliances. One is managers' misunderstanding of what an alliance is and what it can do. Too many managers perceive alliance as an undifferentiated concept; they miss the subtle and not so subtle distinctions among types of alliances. Failure of management to critically assess its strategic logic before forging a relationship with another company is the other major cause of failed alliances. To help managers better assess associated opportunities and risks, we have developed a typology for analyzing the strategic implications inherent in different kinds of alliances. We also offer a road map designed to encourage a disciplined, systematic approach to the forging of alliances.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85674,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia journal of world business","volume":"31 3","pages":"Pages 6-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90037-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55833884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Competing globally: How Japanese MNCs have matched goals and strategies in India and China","authors":"Jaideep Anand , Andrew Delios","doi":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90040-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90040-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Japanese MNCs have established strong investment positions in the US, Europe and Asia. China has been a major recipient of Japanese foreign direct investment (FDI), while investment in India has grown much more slowly. We argue that the differences extend much beyond the levels of investment—Japanese involvement in India and China is qualitatively different. Japanese FDI in China was motivated by access to location-specific productive resources, and it involved a high degree of technology, management skills and organizational knowledge transfer. The Japanese subsidiaries in China were integrated with the network of international subsidiaries as a part of the MNC's global strategy. Japanese FDI in India, however, was motivated by the desire to access local markets. It involved less transfer of technology and management skills, and Japanese subsidiaries in India operated independently as part of a multi-domestic strategy. We conclude that foreign entrants to the region should be aware and able to respond to the unique advantages of each host country and to the different strategies and capabilities of the subsidiaries of Japanese MNCs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85674,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia journal of world business","volume":"31 3","pages":"Pages 50-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90040-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55833903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Internationalization of the video industry: Unresolved policy and regulatory issues","authors":"Luiz Guilherme Duarte , S.Tamer Cavusgil","doi":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90043-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90043-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of new technologies and the resulting restructuring of the international entertainment industry have accentuated the uniqueness of some mass media products, in particular film and television products. While the recently approved GATT agreement still lumps most forms of video products together as standard goods, the growing intangible/service aspect and the heightened concern for the cultural influence of video products call for nonstandard treatment. This article explores the industry's unique features and discusses characteristics that may justify a proposal for a specific sector agreement under GATT. The central question is whether video should be considered part of the larger mass media industry that includes cable, VCR, printed products/services, broadcasting and film. The authors call for the adoption of a real value perspective, whereby video products can be both goods and services, and explain the international trade implications of such a perspective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85674,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia journal of world business","volume":"31 3","pages":"Pages 88-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90043-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55833926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How the United States can be number one again: Resurrecting the industrial policy debate","authors":"Peter R. Dickson , Michael R. Czinkota","doi":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90042-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90042-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The process learning paradigm that underlies the total quality and continuous improvement movements is used to evaluate the policy recommendations of three of the nation's most influential thinkers on national competitiveness: Peter Drucker, Michael Porter and Robert Reich. A policy premised on “progressive knowledge” is proposed that uses several integrated programs to promote the market for design and manufacturing process research and training. The future of the United States depends on the ability of its economic enterprises to lead the world in their organizational learning capabilities. Organization learning is the nation's real bridge to the 21st Century.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85674,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia journal of world business","volume":"31 3","pages":"Pages 76-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90042-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55833919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Competing for large-scale infrastructure projects in the emerging Asian markets: Factors of success","authors":"Majorie A. Lyles , H.Kevin Steensma","doi":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90041-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90041-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper aims to provide some general guidance and factors of success for those interested in the burgeoning Asian infrastructure sector. What separates successful foreign contractors from those that flounder? This investigation is based on interviews with managers, directors and other executives from American construction and engineering firms that have had an established and successful presence in the region for at least 10 years. Also interviewed were representatives from government and local firms. The two groups typically play a vital role in the prosperity of the foreign contractor. Three general success themes emerged from our investigation: the growing competitive role of knowledge transfer, the use of local firm networks for managing government entities and the importance of adapting firm risk orientation to the host country's legal and cultural environment. The authors provide an overview of the challenges facing these emerging economies as well as the challenges to firms wishing to gain entry. The concept of a “triple alliance” between foreign firms, government constituencies and local entities is used as a framework for analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85674,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia journal of world business","volume":"31 3","pages":"Pages 64-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90041-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55833907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Making big money from garbage: How companies are forming international alliances to recycle trash for profit","authors":"Mary G. Gotschall","doi":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90044-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90044-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is money to be made in garbage. Such is the growing consensus on the world stage, as governments, international agencies and companies pour investment capital into “green” projects. Environmental regulations are driving the industry. Two main philosophies predominate: the first focuses on waste reduction, which aims to reduce trash whether household or industrial trash; the second involves waste management, which concentrates on turning existing garbage into useful byproducts that can be sold for a profit. Environmental regulators argue that both approaches are valid and should be used in tandem to manage waste effectively. For industry, this creates two-fold opportunities for profitmaking—at the front end of the waste stream, as well as at the tail end. Internationally, German and Swiss companies are leading the vanguard of waste reduction and management, in part borne of sheer necessity: a shortage of domestic landfills. They have been forced to develop innovative approaches to trash, which, many predict may sweep the United States during the coming years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85674,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia journal of world business","volume":"31 3","pages":"Pages 100-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90044-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55833934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Professional services in emerging asian markets: The Indonesian case","authors":"Washington SyCip","doi":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90025-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90025-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 1946, at the age of 25, the author founded a oneman accounting firm in Manila, serving small companies that were opening their doors in the wake of World War II. Having achieved a leadership position in the Philippines by the early 1960s, the author's growing firm, SGV, expanded its operations in East Asia by establishing joint ventures with other leading Asian professional services firms. The SGV Group, the resulting multinational organization, provided professional services for various projects and enterprises in the developing countries of Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. After becoming the largest professional firm in Asia, in 1985 the SGV Group joined Arthur Andersen & Co. Societé Cooperative, the worldwide leader in business information and computer technology. The partners of the SGV Group were aware that world class computer technology had to come from the developed countries, while Arthur Andersen could see the advantages of a relationship with the largest Asian professional services group. In this article, the author offers the perspective of a firm based in a developing country expanding into one of the most important emerging markets, Indonesia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85674,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia journal of world business","volume":"31 2","pages":"Pages 60-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90025-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55833088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editor's note","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90019-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90019-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85674,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia journal of world business","volume":"31 2","pages":"Pages iv-v"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90019-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136545275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joint venturing in Taiwan","authors":"Yuzaburo Mogi","doi":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90024-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90024-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 1987, Kikkoman Corporation, the world's largest manufacturer of soy sauce, began looking to the thriving island of Taiwan as a possible site for a manufacturing plant to serve both local and regional markets. Taiwan had a long history of soy sauce consumption and the Taiwan-based firm, President Enterprises, was supplying most of the soy sauce sold on the local market, while Kikkoman had limited access. The regime in Taiwan was increasingly receptive to foreign investment and President Enterprises was eager for an opportunity to improve the quality of its product and increase its market share through a joint venture. The author, Kikkoman Chairman and CEO Yuzaburo Mogi, describes his company's careful strategizing aimed at opening up the Taiwanese market and expanding its international production network.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85674,"journal":{"name":"The Columbia journal of world business","volume":"31 2","pages":"Pages 54-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0022-5428(96)90024-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55833007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}