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Sociology of work and occupations最新文献

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Organizational Behavior, Career Orientations, and the Propensity to Move among Professionals 组织行为、职业取向和在专业人士之间流动的倾向
Sociology of work and occupations Pub Date : 1976-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/003803857600300305
A. Kirschenbaum, A. I. Goldberg
{"title":"Organizational Behavior, Career Orientations, and the Propensity to Move among Professionals","authors":"A. Kirschenbaum, A. I. Goldberg","doi":"10.1177/003803857600300305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003803857600300305","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational environment and career motivations are examined in order to understand a professional's propensity to move. Four major groups of variabieU are examined: situational, professional-bureaucratic, occupational values, and career cycle/mobility orientations. The results of a step-wise regression suggest two major orientations associated with the propensity to move: the \"career mobile cosmopolitan \"and the \"career mobile local. \"A noted exception is when a lack of congruence between rewards and organizational commitment for the 7areer mobile local leads to an increased propensity to move. Similarly, the data suggest the existence of the \"misfit\" in which conflicting personal and occupational values rather than career orientations positively influence the propensity to move. We conclude that a positive and negative propensity to move among professionals reflects the dual nature of professional values and career orientations which in turn have consequences for professional and organizational frameworks.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"3 1","pages":"357 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/003803857600300305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65325411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
About the Authors 关于作者
Sociology of work and occupations Pub Date : 1976-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/003803857600300307
{"title":"About the Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/003803857600300307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003803857600300307","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"3 1","pages":"376 - 376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/003803857600300307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65325799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Relevance of Cosmopolitan/Local Orientations to Professional Values and Behavior 世界性/地方性取向与专业价值观和行为的相关性
Sociology of work and occupations Pub Date : 1976-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/003803857600300304
A. I. Goldberg
{"title":"The Relevance of Cosmopolitan/Local Orientations to Professional Values and Behavior","authors":"A. I. Goldberg","doi":"10.1177/003803857600300304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003803857600300304","url":null,"abstract":"Two key concepts used by social scientists are cosmopolitanism and localism. Cosmopolitanism, however, has come to be confused with professionalism This confusion can be eliminated by returning the concepts to their original usage to designate outer and inner reference groups. This more restricted definition of cosmopolitanism-localism was used to test the proposition that an orientation combining both cosmopolitan and local characteristics, called here \"cosmo-local,\" is optimal for professionals. The cosmo-local was found more likely than other types to hold professional values and to obtain the autonomy necessary to professionals. The relationship between orientation and one form of professional behavior, expertise-seeking behavior, was found to be conditioned by such variables as career stage, work environment, and primary occupational role. While in a few contexts the cosmopolitan orientation was the most likely to lead to expertise-seeking behavior, the cosmo-local orientation was found to be most sensitive to changes favorable to professional behavior and therefore the most conducive to professionalism.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"3 1","pages":"331 - 356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/003803857600300304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65325277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 52
The Evolution of Occupational Power 职业权力的演变
Sociology of work and occupations Pub Date : 1976-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/009392857600300101
C. L. Kronus
{"title":"The Evolution of Occupational Power","authors":"C. L. Kronus","doi":"10.1177/009392857600300101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392857600300101","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the process of how occupations amass power, English and American historical data are used to document the evolution of task boundaries between physicians and pharmacists. The ability to legally defend occupational tasks or successfully encroach on others' is taken as a measure of occupational power. Changing relationships among occupational groups, clients, and government are traced and analyzed. Occupational resources such as an optimal man-power base, formal education, type of economic base, technological improvements and, most importantly, clientele were critical factors in aiding associations to successfully lobby for protection of task domains.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"3 1","pages":"3 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392857600300101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64916079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 56
Having the Authority to Know 有权力知道
Sociology of work and occupations Pub Date : 1976-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/009392857600300103
C. Mukerji
{"title":"Having the Authority to Know","authors":"C. Mukerji","doi":"10.1177/009392857600300103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392857600300103","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how people gain authority over areas of expert knowledge and use this authority to claim the right to make decisions in small group situations. Students who enter film crews are ranked and typed as members both of a school and of a crew. They claim decision-making authority based on these ranks. Thus, depending on the social characteristics students bring to crews, the authority and decision-making patterns of these groups can vary widely.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"3 1","pages":"63 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392857600300103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64916107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
About the Authors 关于作者
Sociology of work and occupations Pub Date : 1976-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/009392857600300107
{"title":"About the Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/009392857600300107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392857600300107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"3 1","pages":"120 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392857600300107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64916197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trends in Occupational Differentiation by Sex 性别职业分化趋势
Sociology of work and occupations Pub Date : 1976-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/009392857600300102
G. Williams
{"title":"Trends in Occupational Differentiation by Sex","authors":"G. Williams","doi":"10.1177/009392857600300102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392857600300102","url":null,"abstract":"When Gross (1968) employed two measures of occupational differentiation by sex, he found little or no decline in differentiation over the period 1900-1960. However, the type of data he used and the statistical characteristics of his differentiation measures make these findings questionable. A replication using comparable census data produces contrary findings. When comparable occupations are employed and when occupational size is controlled, a modest decline in occupational differentiation by sex is noted over 1900-1960. Serious questions are raised, however, regarding the adequacy of measures of differentiation to analyze occupational differentiation over time.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"7 1","pages":"38 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392857600300102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64916092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Police Professionalization and Police Unions 警察职业化和警察工会
Sociology of work and occupations Pub Date : 1976-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/009392857600300104
P. Feuille, H. Juris
{"title":"Police Professionalization and Police Unions","authors":"P. Feuille, H. Juris","doi":"10.1177/009392857600300104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392857600300104","url":null,"abstract":"The authors examine the validity of applying the traditional model of the professions to the police, analyze the role of police unions in the police professionallzation process, and reach four conclusions (I) the police are not a profession in the traditional sense; (2) the traditional professional model is inappropriate for the police; (3) the impact of police unions upon the police quest for professional status has been negative; and (4) police unions will play an important role in future occupational developments.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"3 1","pages":"113 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392857600300104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64916157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
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