{"title":"There's more than One Way to Run a Democratic Enterprise","authors":"Joyce Rothschild-Whitt","doi":"10.1177/009392858182006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392858182006","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes a unique system of self-management, the Breman system, that has developed in the Netherlands. Arising in a small village in the north of Holland, the Breman system has been relatively insulatedfrom the influence of other international models of worker particpation, and as a result, has developed some novel social innovations to achieve its ends. Since its conversion in 1972from an ordinary family-owned corporation to a self-managed system, it has shown an impressive capacity for financial growth, organizational productivity, and worker satisfaction. The last section of this article draws out some of the lessons of the Breman experience for democratizing enterprises in other capitalist settings such as the United States.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"73 1","pages":"201 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392858182006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64916988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editors' Introduction","authors":"R. Stern, W. Whyte","doi":"10.1177/009392858182001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392858182001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"8 1","pages":"139 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392858182001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64917315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Participative Management and Worker Control in China","authors":"A. Walder","doi":"10.1177/009392858182007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392858182007","url":null,"abstract":"While Chinese experiments with participative management practices in industry comprise perhaps the most radical and massive such effort in the modern world, they are still among the least understood in the West. The present article is an effort to define more clearly the boundaries of worker participation in China and the limits of worker control. Through brief, but strategic comparisons with forms of worker control in different political and economic settings, and through critical scrutiny of the various participative forms employed in China, this article attempts to sketch out the configuration of participation and control in Chinese collective forms, and to place them in a broader context of organizations exhibiting \"collectivist-democratic\" features. We offer (1) an examination of the political considerations which have shaped these experiments; (2) an account of Party organization and how its control is exercised; (3) an outline of the limits on worker control imposed by China's industrial planning system; and (4) a description and critical analysis of the major participative forms employed in Chinese industry from 1956 to the present.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"8 1","pages":"224 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392858182007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64917032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Worker Management","authors":"M. Silver","doi":"10.1177/009392858182002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392858182002","url":null,"abstract":"The article uses a single theoretical framework to analyze the development of participatory organizational forms. The histories of decision-making structures are considered in terms of the structural sources of decision-making power within organizations and supraorganizational networks. The dialectic of power at the points of production and managerial planning lead to distinct forms of authority and structures of workforce participation in the decision-making process. Structural linkages between forms of industrial organization, ownership, and development and growth of corporate structure and workforce participation in decision-making are the central issues examined. Principal conclusions of the analysis are that collective bargaining, as developed within capitalism, is a form of workers' participation and that worker ownership is a necessary but not sufficient condition of workers' control.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"3 1","pages":"145 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392858182002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64917356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Work Environment Reform and Industrial Democracy","authors":"S. Deutsch","doi":"10.1177/009392858182004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392858182004","url":null,"abstract":"This article suggests the importance of connecting work environment issues with concerns of worker control. In particular, some of the legislative reform efforts in Norway and Sweden are outlined with an analysis of current developments in the United States. Whereas there are limited advances in democratizing the workplace head-on, there are considerable achievements illustrated whereby laws and policies have advanced worker control over technology, production, and work processes through a work environment reform strategy.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"50 1","pages":"180 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392858182004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64917423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preconditions for Increased Workers' Influence","authors":"Sandra L. Albrecht","doi":"10.1177/009392858182009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392858182009","url":null,"abstract":"With the introduction of a series of legislative acts and pending proposals, the seventies and early eighties in Sweden have been marked by an increasing interest in worker influence or participation in decision making. This emphasis is seen both on the level of industrial democracy and economic democracy. The following article outlines these moves, concentrating on the Act on Employee Participation in Decision Making (MBL) and the Meidner proposal for Wage-Earners' Investment Funds. Relying on interview data from representatives of major Swedish political and economic organizations, journalists, and alternative groups, an attempt is made to explain the rise in participatory demands that surfaced in Sweden in the late sixties and has permeated the seventies and early eighties. Contrary to postindustrial theorists' contention that participatory demands rise out of the positive effects of industrial development, findings suggest that a more common perspective of Swedish interview respondents is that the increased interest in participation has risen from a negative reaction to the effects of industrialization.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"8 1","pages":"252 - 272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392858182009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64917052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forms of Employee Ownership and Workers' Control","authors":"Warner P. Woodworth","doi":"10.1177/009392858182005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392858182005","url":null,"abstract":"Worker-owned enterprises may contribute to the development of a new system of productive relations in the United States. Various approaches to employee ownership are classified into two principal schemes. Type I methods include the Scanlon plan, Drucker's logic of \"pension fund socialism,\" and Kelso's Employee Stock Ownership Plan. 7hese designs coalesce in efforts to preserve capitalism by broadening its rewards, retaining the traditional profit motive, and remaining within the confines of traditional role relationships between management and employees. Type II alternatives include new business collectives founded in an ideological commitment to cooperative action, company-takeovers by employees, and worker/community owned firms. Comparisons are made between the two principal typologies with respect to selected criteria.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"8 1","pages":"195 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392858182005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64916969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Politics, Bureaucracy, and Industrial Democracy","authors":"Viviane B. De Marquez","doi":"10.1177/009392858182003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392858182003","url":null,"abstract":"The institutional context peculiar to late and marginal capitalist development is analyzed with respect to the political and economic role of the state, the nature of interest articulation, and typical organizational forms of trade unions in order to establish the probability of achieving worker control through various schemes of industrial democracy, using as illustrations the cases of Peru, Chile, and Mexico.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"9 1","pages":"165 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392858182003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64917376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Women's employment and changes in family structure.","authors":"J A Ericksen, G Klein","doi":"10.1177/073088848100800101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/073088848100800101","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the impact on women's employment of the changing demographic structure of the family. Using log linear techniques and data from the 1960 and 1970 censuses, our findings modify earlier research and have implications for the future. Key findings include a decline in the effect of marital status on women's employment; no decline in the effect of child status; a more complicated relationship between race and employment status than previously realized; and clear evidence that rates are increasing not only because of changes in family structure, but because of changes in the employment patterns of successive cohorts of women.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"8 1","pages":"5-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/073088848100800101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22035525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Labor Force and Work Attitudes","authors":"G. Spitze, L. Waite","doi":"10.1177/009392858071001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/009392858071001","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the relations between work-related attitudes and early labor force experiences using data from the National Longitudinal Study, of Young Women. Neither young women's work-related sex-role attitudes nor taste/for market Work while still in school affect the extent of employment during first .four years after schooling is completed. Women with long-range work plans start out in relatively low-paying, low prestige jobs, possibly, with higher chance for advancement compared to those who do not plan to work later. Attitudes and tastes change in response to certain job characteristics during this earl/period, but this process does not appear to depend on race. The general picture is one in which sex-role attitudes respond to, rather than affect, early work experiences. However, strong tastes for market work malt create patterns of earl,; labor force behavior which maximize the long-term rather than short-term benefit*s f employment and so might influence both timing of work and child-bearing, and characteristics of beginning jobs.","PeriodicalId":85554,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of work and occupations","volume":"7 1","pages":"3 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/009392858071001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64916888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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