Asian journal of psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"The long-term clinical and functional outcomes of psychiatric patients with catatonia: A 5-year follow-up","authors":"Qi-Hang Zhang ,&nbsp;Tian Han ,&nbsp;Xiao-Xiao He ,&nbsp;Mathangie Gananathan ,&nbsp;Xiao-Lin Yin ,&nbsp;Hao-Tian Shen ,&nbsp;Fuchun Zhou ,&nbsp;Chuan-Yue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to compare the long-term clinical and functional outcomes between psychiatric patients with and without catatonia over a 5-year follow-up and to explore the baseline predictors of poor outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study sample comprised 51 with catatonic and 56 non-catatonic psychiatric patients. Catatonia was assessed using the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS). We also determined serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels at the baseline, recorded clinical outcomes during follow-up, and assessed the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale at endpoint.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Follow-up data were available for 31 catatonic patients and 34 non-catatonia patients. During follow-up, the catatonic group had a significantly higher percentage of treatment-resistant cases compared to the non-catatonic group (25.8 % vs. 5.9 %). Catatonic patients had significantly more readmissions than non-catatonic patients after excluding patients with poor adherence. At the endpoint, patients in the catatonic group scored significantly lower on the GAF than those in the non-catatonic group. In the catatonic group, patients with high inflammatory levels had a significantly higher number of readmissions than those with low inflammatory levels. In the whole sample, multiple linear regression analyses revealed that baseline BFCRS scores were a significant and independent predictor of poor functional outcome at follow-up (Beta = −0.369, P = 0.002, 95 % CI: −0.008 to −0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings suggest that catatonia is linked to poorer clinical outcomes and a lower level of functioning. Specifically, baseline high inflammatory levels seem to contribute to a higher relapse rate in catatonic patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104818"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are social robots more interesting than humans? Quantitative assessment of Joint Attention in autistic and typically developing children","authors":"Silvia Annunziata ,&nbsp;Gabriele Fassina ,&nbsp;Michelle Brivio ,&nbsp;Laura Santos ,&nbsp;Emilia Ambrosini ,&nbsp;Paolo Meriggi ,&nbsp;Paola Molina ,&nbsp;Alessandra Pedrocchi ,&nbsp;Anna Cavallini","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication, including joint attention (JA) impairment. This observational case-control study explores quantitative JA metrics in ASD preschool-aged children and typically-developing (TD) toddlers, interacting with both a human agent and a social robot.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Ten ASD and sixteen Typically Developing (TD) children, matched for developmental age, participated completing two JA tasks of the “Échelle par la Communication Sociale Precoce”(ECSP)-Gaze Following and Object Spectacle-administered by both a human (ECSP-H) and a social robot NAO (ECSP-R). A Kinect Azure Camera was used to track children's gaze and five performance indicators were defined to quantify JA-related behaviors: Number of Responses to JA, Time Latency to response and Fixation Time, both towards robot and human agent.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant group differences emerged in responsiveness to social cues, particularly in the Gaze Following task. TD children responded more consistently to human prompts (p = 0.01) and showed greater visual interest in the human agent in both ECSP-H (p &lt; 0.01) and ECSP-R (p = 0.02) conditions. In contrast, percentage of fixations on the robot was comparable across groups.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study introduces unobtrusive, gaze-based quantitative measures to assess joint attention in ASD. Significant differences between ASD and TD groups suggest that children with ASD exhibited greater attentional preference to the robot agent, giving potential for these metrics in distinguishing attentional patterns in these two populations. This feature may nonetheless be clinically relevant, as it may be leveraged to facilitate attention, promote participation, and support robot-assisted therapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Asian Journal of Psychiatry: An end of year review 2025","authors":"Rajiv Tandon","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2026.104835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2026.104835","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104835"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145922068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The inverse relationship between post-traumatic growth and job burnout among medical staff during the COVID-19 normalization period: A systematic review","authors":"Tian Ruan ,&nbsp;Minghang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To synthesize empirical evidence on the association between post-traumatic growth (PTG) and job burnout among medical staff across varied healthcare settings during the COVID-19 normalization period (2022 onward).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following PRISMA guidelines, a database indexing over 126 million records was searched, yielding 499 records for screening, and 11 studies that measured both PTG and burnout in active healthcare professionals. Data on study design, setting, instruments, sample characteristics, and key findings were extracted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nine quantitative (seven cross-sectional, one longitudinal, one unspecified design) and two qualitative studies met inclusion criteria, encompassing nurses, physicians, psychiatrists, paramedics, and medical rescuers in eight countries. Standardized instruments (e.g., Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory variants; Maslach Burnout Inventory variants) were most common. Eight studies reported a significant inverse correlation between PTG and burnout (e.g., odds ratio= 0.653, 95 % CI= 0.525–0.812, p &lt; 0.001; r = –0.276, p = 0.034). Five studies identified PTG as a mediator or moderator of stress–burnout pathways. Qualitative analyses described a trajectory from acute stress through cognitive restructuring to growth, with burnout linked to unresolved trauma.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Consistent evidence indicates that higher PTG protects against burnout in medical staff post-pandemic peak. Psychological resources—resilience, self-compassion, adaptive coping, meaning in work, and job satisfaction—emerge as key mediators or moderators. Interventions fostering PTG and its correlates may mitigate burnout in healthcare workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104814"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation as an alternative to standard rTMS: Real-world data from patients with non-psychotic major depression","authors":"Cheng-Ta Li ,&nbsp;Chih-Ming Cheng ,&nbsp;Hui-Ching Lin ,&nbsp;Jia-Shyun Jeng ,&nbsp;Tung-Ping Su ,&nbsp;Daniel M. Blumberger","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104794","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104794","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While standard repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) requires 20–30 sessions when treating patients with major depressive disorders (MDD), subthreshold prolonged intermittent theta burst stimulation (piTBS) may yield comparable effects in fewer visits—critical for self-paid treatment settings. piTBS has been reported to result in antidepressant response in as few as 10 sessions. However, most of them used small to moderate sample sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study to examine the antidepressant effects of left prefrontal piTBS in clinical scenarios and to compare responses between piTBS and 10 Hz rTMS in patients who completed their treatments at distinct sessions in a large medical center. A total of 273 adult non-psychotic MDD patients were included in the analysis (120 piTBS and 153 rTMS). Patients received treatment in a private pay model on a daily basis and were encouraged to undergo at least 10–15 sessions, with the option of extending to 20 or more if a clinically meaningful response was not achieved.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant differences in age, sex distribution, or baseline clinical variables between groups. Antidepressant effects were also comparable (piTBS vs. rTMS, responders= 49.2 % vs. 39.9 %; remitters= 34.2 % vs. 29.4 %). Notably, the piTBS group had a significantly lower stimulation intensity than the rTMS group (p &lt; 0.001) and required fewer total sessions (12.4 ± 3.3 vs. 14.5 ± 5.9)(p = 0.001). The piTBS group reported less local pain. Using piTBS treatment may yield a savings of US$750 to US$3000 per treatment course, which is a 25–66.7 % reduction in medical expenses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In a real-world private pay model, subthreshold piTBS achieved comparable antidepressant effects to 10 Hz rTMS and resulted in cost and travel savings for patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 104794"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145747250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breathing and the brain: Pranayama, an ancient self-directed approach to neuromodulation","authors":"Hemant Bhargav ,&nbsp;Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta ,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar ,&nbsp;Subha Subramanian ,&nbsp;Matcheri S. Keshavan","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores <em>pranayama</em>, the ancient yogic practice of breath control, as a promising natural method of neuromodulation. Pranayama aims to regulate the flow of <em>prana</em> (life force) to enhance mental clarity, emotional balance, and physiological resilience. We synthesize evidence from clinical, neuroimaging, and psychophysiological studies, illustrating how various pranayama techniques - including slow breathing, rapid breathing, and unilateral nostril breathing (UNB) -influence autonomic functions, brainwave patterns, and neuroendocrine responses. Mechanisms of pranayama such as vagus nerve stimulation, autonomic regulation, and hemispheric shifts in brain dominance are similar to contemporary neuromodulation approaches like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). However, pranayama offers an easily accessible, self-directed alternative to manage stress, enhance cognition, and promote emotion regulation. We identify significant knowledge gaps, including the need for well-powered, randomized-controlled studies to better understand the durability of effects, optimal protocols, and mechanisms of action. Pranayama represents a practical, low-risk, home-based neuromodulatory approach for preventative and adjunctive mental health care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 104788"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing peer connection in autism: Evaluating the impact of robot-mediated role-play hug interventions","authors":"Kadek Suhardita ,&nbsp;Putu Ari Dharmayanti,&nbsp;I. Dewa Ayu Eka Purba Dharma Tari,&nbsp;Rikas Saputra,&nbsp;Arizona Arizona,&nbsp;Sri Datuti,&nbsp;Ulfah,&nbsp;Rr Dwi Umi Badriyah,&nbsp;Laily Tiarani Soejanto,&nbsp;Erfan Ramadhani,&nbsp;Raup Padillah","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104772","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 104772"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145581605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural vs. demographic pathways to suicide: Japan and Korea during COVID-19","authors":"Kyohei Otani,&nbsp;Tomohiro Kinoshita,&nbsp;Ryota Shindo,&nbsp;Shogo Kurushima,&nbsp;Saehyeon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104770","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 104770"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amalgamating artificial intelligence & neuropsychiatry: Multimodal approach for precision diagnosis","authors":"Mugdha Tendulkar ,&nbsp;Reshma Tendulkar","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human body is an intricate system of complex associations between numerous chemicals, neurotransmitters incessantly striving towards homeostasis. This process is so tightly regulated that these processes quickly reverse the alterations caused due to any insults suffered by the organism; when these repeatedly attack the organism’s system, they culminate as diseases. Brain being the hub of such complex interplay, is the most vulnerable site for such imbalances. As per 2021 World Health Organisation Report, over 3 billion of the global population live with a neuropsychiatric ailment. Owing to the extremely limited options for diagnosis in neuropsychiatry, it is tedious to arrive at a definitive diagnosis early. Normally, diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disorders like autism spectrum disorder, generalized anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, schizophrenia etc. demands persistence of symptoms for over 6 months with no body fluid test to appropriately quantify the diagnosis, it demands the need for a novel approach for bridging this significant gap. With the ever-advancing technological era, the advent of artificial intelligence has revolutionized the medical paradigm. Integration of such multimodal neuroimaging databases, algorithms, techniques has made individualized diagnosis &amp; treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders plausible. Considering the colossal data revolving around artificial intelligence neuroimaging, particularly address disease-specific challenges &amp; rarely collate how multimodal frameworks amalgamate neurology &amp; psychiatric disorders. In addition, no prior literature systematically compares biomarker-rich &amp; scare diseases &amp; emphasizes the challenges faced by artificial intelligence among these groups. This review bridges this research gap by presenting an integrated, comprehensible manuscript which links multimodal networks of supervised, unsupervised, reinforcement learning models across the whole of neuropsychiatric spectrum. The novelty of this manuscript lies in highlighting the transdiagnostic perspectives of multimodal approaches of neuroimaging which are artificial intelligence-driven. This aids in filling the gaps between psychiatric &amp; neurological disorders thereby practically focussing on the blueprint towards precision diagnostic models- an entirely understudied aspect in previous literatures. The primary aim of this manuscript is to explore the fusion between the multimodal approach of artificial intelligence &amp; neuropsychiatric diagnosis, their implications, and challenges faced in this integration. We meticulously analyze the applications of artificial intelligence in precision medicine in the field of neuropsychiatry to ensure timely diagnosis and prevent complications, to improve patients’cost of living, prognosis as well as future directions of this amalgamation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 104795"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145817596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public stigma towards people with mental disorders in Singapore - Has anything changed?","authors":"Mythily Subramaniam ,&nbsp;Shazana Shahwan ,&nbsp;Edimansyah Abdin ,&nbsp;Yoke Boon Tan ,&nbsp;Savita Gunasekaran ,&nbsp;Bernard Chin Wee Tan ,&nbsp;Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar ,&nbsp;Wei Jie Ong ,&nbsp;Amit Arora ,&nbsp;Weng Mooi Tan ,&nbsp;Porsche Poh ,&nbsp;Georg Schomerus ,&nbsp;Siow Ann Chong","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The stigmatization of people with mental illness is a global phenomenon.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The current study aimed to (i) assess the extent of stigma and social distancing towards seven mental disorders, and track changes since the last mental health literacy study, and (ii) examine the socio-demographic and other correlates of stigma in the general population of Singapore, using a vignette approach.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted interviews with 4195 Singapore Residents (aged 18–65) from September 2022 to February 2024, with a response rate of 62.3 %. Respondents were administered the Personal and Perceived scales of the Depression Stigma Scale and the Social Distance Scale to measure personal stigma and social distance, respectively. Multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to examine associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean stigma scores were significantly lower across all dimensions : ‘weak-not-sick’ (9.4 vs 10.2, p &lt; 0.001), ‘dangerous/unpredictable’ (11.3 vs 11.6, p = 0.005), and ‘social distance’ (11.6 vs 12.0, p = 0.004) in the current study as compared to the previous study conducted in 2015. However, the magnitude of reduction varied substantially. The largest decline was observed in the ‘weak-not-sick’ dimension (-8.4 %), while ‘dangerous/unpredictable’ (-3.1 %) and ‘social distance’ (-2.8 %) showed smaller reductions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The significant reduction in the ‘weak-not-sick’ dimension parallels large-scale anti-stigma initiatives in Singapore. However, the persistence of ‘social distance’ highlights a critical gap between improved public knowledge and intended behavior. Ongoing surveillance is necessary to determine whether these trends are sustained and to identify specific strategies that are effective in reducing behavioral stigma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 104771"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145572840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}