Asian journal of psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Large language models may struggle to detect culturally embedded filicide-suicide risks","authors":"Cheng-Che Chen ,&nbsp;Justin A. Chen ,&nbsp;Chih-Sung Liang ,&nbsp;Yu-Hsuan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the capacity of six large language models (LLMs)—GPT-4o, GPT-o1, DeepSeek-R1, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, Sonar Large (LLaMA-3.1), and Gemma-2-2b—to detect risks of domestic violence, suicide, and filicide-suicide in the Taiwanese flash fiction “Barbecue”. The story, narrated by a six-year-old girl, depicts family tension and subtle cues of potential filicide-suicide through charcoal-burning, a culturally recognized method in Taiwan. Each model was tasked with interpreting the story’s risks, with roles simulating different mental health expertise levels. Results showed that all models detected domestic violence; however, only GPT-o1, Claude 3.5 Sonnet and Sonar Large identified the risk of suicide based on cultural cues. GPT-4o, DeepSeek-R1 and Gemma-2-2b missed the suicide risk, interpreting the mother’s isolation as merely a psychological response. Notably, none of the models comprehended the cultural context behind the mother sparing her daughter, reflecting a gap in LLMs' understanding of non-Western sociocultural nuances. These findings highlight the limitations of LLMs in addressing culturally embedded risks, essential for effective mental health assessments</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociation and substance abuse among people with PTSD: Results from the National Survey for Stress and Health in Japan","authors":"Hong Wang Fung ,&nbsp;Chak Hei Ocean Huang ,&nbsp;Cherry Tin Yan Cheung ,&nbsp;Po-Han Chou ,&nbsp;Masaya Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) usually have other psychiatric comorbidities. This study analyzed data from a national survey in Japan (N = 1005 trauma-exposed adults) and examined co-occurring dissociation and substance abuse in patients with probable PTSD. Participants completed standardized screening measures of PTSD, dissociative symptoms, and substance abuse at baseline (T1), and then reported their levels of substance abuse again after 3 months (T2). Of participants who screened for PTSD at T1 (n = 639), 36.1 % reported dissociative symptoms, and 61.8 % reported substance abuse in the past two weeks. Participants with dissociative PTSD had significantly higher levels of substance abuse at both T1 and T2 than their non-dissociative counterparts. T1 dissociative symptoms significantly predicted T2 substance abuse (β =.075, p = .006). Dissociative symptoms also moderated the effects of T1 PTSD symptoms on T2 substance abuse. This study provides first data regarding the prevalence of dissociative symptoms and substance abuse among Japanese adults with PTSD. We also found that people with dissociative PTSD were more prone to subsequent substance abuse problems. Early screening for dissociative symptoms among people with PTSD is important. Future studies are needed to investigate the neural mechanisms behind dissociation and substance abuse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in depression: Targeting right orbitofrontal cortex and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in nonresponders","authors":"Jithin Thekkelkuthiyathottil Joseph,&nbsp;Ashok Jammigumpula,&nbsp;Sivapriya Vaidyanathan,&nbsp;Samir Kumar Praharaj","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104392","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity alleviates mental health problems related to bullying through moderating rumination","authors":"Yan Chen ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Song ,&nbsp;Wei Qu ,&nbsp;Yanli Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiahua Xu ,&nbsp;Hao Xu ,&nbsp;Yunlong Tan ,&nbsp;Zhiren Wang ,&nbsp;Dianying Liu ,&nbsp;Shuping Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Physical activity and experiencing bullying is a protective and risk factor for mental health, respectively. Adolescents who suffer from bullying tend to be trapped in rumination, leading to mental health problem. However, the interaction among them from the perspective of increasing protective factors and reducing risk factors is unclear. This study explored whether rumination mediated the association between experiencing bullying and mental health problems and the moderating role of physical activity.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This study investigated 13,983 students from high school in Jiangxi Province, China, and assessed for experiencing bullying, rumination, mental health problems (depressive, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms), and physical activity. Moderated mediation analysis was conducted using R software (version 4.1.1).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences were observed in rumination, physical activity and mental health problems between adolescents who have experienced bullying and those who have not (p &lt; 0.001). Rumination mediated the relationship between experiencing bullying and depressive symptoms (β= 0.45, 95 % CI [0.42, 0.48]), anxiety symptoms (β= 0.37, 95 % CI [0.35, 0.39]), and insomnia symptoms (β= 0.36, 95 % CI [0.33, 0.38]). Moreover, physical activity moderated the relationship between rumination and depressive symptoms (coeff = −0.03, p &lt; 0.001), anxiety symptoms (coeff = −0.02, p &lt; 0.001), and insomnia symptoms (coeff = −0.01, p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Rumination and physical activity mediated and moderated, respectively, the relationship between experiencing bullying and adolescents’ mental health problems. These findings indicate that schools and society should establish a campus bullying early warning system, pay attention to bullying incidents and promote physical activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status of research on the modifiable risk factors of dementia in India: A scoping review","authors":"Hansel Chris Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Tufayl Ahmed Mohammed Shekha ,&nbsp;Harshitha H. Annajigowda ,&nbsp;Dhanya Charly ,&nbsp;Angeline Jessy ,&nbsp;Swathi Suresh ,&nbsp;Sujas Bhardwaj ,&nbsp;Anupa Anirudhan ,&nbsp;Abhishek Mensegere ,&nbsp;Thomas Gregor Issac","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dementia is a progressive condition influenced by multiple modifiable risk factors. While 14 of these risk factors have been identified, most of the evidence stems from High Income Countries leaving a crucial gap in how these factors operate within the diverse context of India. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct (2014–2024) to explore the association of cognitive impairment and dementia with at least one of the risk factors. Inclusion criteria encompassed empirical studies in India on the Indian population aged 18 and above while theoretical and review papers along with postmortem and animal samples were excluded. While the initial extraction of studies across the database identified 463 studies, only 15 that met the criteria were analyzed. Low education, depression, hypertension, and socioeconomic factors were commonly examined whereas hearing loss, high Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol, and air pollution were significantly underrepresented. The cross-sectional design and data from large study databases such as the Longitudinal Aging Study of India (LASI) were largely used. Findings showed that some risk factors replicate global trends, but obesity differs in the Indian context. Research on the modifiable risk factors of dementia in India remains limited with contextual variations, socioeconomic disparities, and environmental reasons playing a crucial role. Future studies need to utilize longitudinal designs, develop cross-culturally relevant cognitive assessments, and include under-represented populations. Furthermore, multidisciplinary team collaborations and region-specific interventions hold scope for the prevention, early detection, and management of dementia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) as a safe and effective treatment for auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) unresponsive to ECT, tDCS, and Clozapine: A case report","authors":"Shubhra Pandey,&nbsp;Bandna Gupta ,&nbsp;Sujita Kumar Kar","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104393","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in patients with major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder and their comorbidity: Comparison with healthy controls","authors":"Yuqi Shen ,&nbsp;Boyuan Wu ,&nbsp;Jikai Yu ,&nbsp;Lan Mou ,&nbsp;Zefeng Wang ,&nbsp;Xinhua Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate prefrontal function in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and the comorbidity of MDD and GAD (CMG), using the fNIRS-VFT task. And to assess the reliability of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) devices as a clinical aid for diagnostic tools when performing cognitive tasks by building a deep neural network.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Including 75 patients with GAD, 75 patients with MDD, 71 patients with CMG, and 75 healthy controls (HC). In the verbal fluency test, hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal cortex were monitored with fNIRS, and differences in oxyhemoglobin levels between the four groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. A deep learning model combining the Full Connectivity Layer and the Dropout Layer was trained on the training set (60 %), and data from different brain regions were classified for the type of illness on the test set (40 %). The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) graph was generated for each area of interest.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Activation in the prefrontal cortex was significantly lower in all patient groups than healthy controls. Activation in the prefrontal cortex was significantly lower in MDD patients compared with GAD patients and in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in the CMG group compared with GAD patients. There was no significant difference in activation in the prefrontal cortex between MDD and CMG groups. In the right orbitofrontal cortex, the four-classification had the highest accuracy with 60.47 %, and the three-classification had the highest accuracy with 77.19 %. The GAD group had the most significant area under the ROC curve in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (AUC = 0.78). The MDD group had the most significant area under the ROC curve in the left frontopolar prefrontal cortex (AUC = 0.86). The CMG group had the most significant area under the ROC curve in the right orbitofrontal cortex (AUC = 0.73).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Activation differences in the prefrontal cortex help to identify GAD patients from MDD patients. Differences in activation in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex help to discriminate GAD patients from patients with CMG. fNIRS-VFT task can be used clinically as an adjunctive diagnostic tool for mental disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104382"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health of adolescents in countries of South-East Asia: A policy review","authors":"Chethana Mudunna ,&nbsp;Thach Tran ,&nbsp;Josefine Antoniades ,&nbsp;Miyuru Chandradasa ,&nbsp;Jane Fisher","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In the World Health Organization (WHO) geographical region of South-East Asia, the mental health burden of adolescents appears high. Addressing this burden requires development of mental health policies consistent with international standards to assist governance, resource allocation and delivery of mental healthcare effectively. The aim was to identify current national mental health policies/plans/programs/legislation in South-East Asia, assess compliance with international standards and review inclusion of adolescents in these documents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Searches were conducted on WHO MiNDbank, official government websites, Google and Google Scholar. Documents were compiled and screened, data were extracted and evaluated following WHO Guidelines on Monitoring and Evaluation of Mental Health Policies and Plans. Frequencies of checklist and subsection scores were calculated. Data were narratively synthesised.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Fourteen mental health policies/plans/programs/legislation from 8 countries met inclusion criteria. Maldivian and Bangladeshi documents complied the greatest with WHO guidelines. All 8 countries considered adolescents to some extent in their documents. Only Indian documents consulted child health groups during policy development. Intra/Inter sectoral collaboration with child health divisions was highlighted in documents from Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, India and Maldives.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Most South-East Asian nations had developed separate national mental health governance documents. However, their incorporation of adolescent mental health is rare and compliance with international standards were inconsistent. Binding mental health legislation separate from health legislation; inclusion of adolescents; addressing resource constraints; and guidelines for mental health policy development catered to low-and-middle-income countries are all essential to address the complex mental health needs of South-East Asian adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of autism spectrum disorder: Insights from a longitudinal follow-up study in China","authors":"Siyi Gu,&nbsp;Mingyu Xu ,&nbsp;Fei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104385","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 104385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing mental health literacy and reducing stigma in Indonesian schools: A culturally adapted approach","authors":"Yolanda Lusiana Pratama ,&nbsp;Muthia Atika Fajri ,&nbsp;Wicy Elvi Septiani ,&nbsp;Bayu Prasetio","doi":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8543,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of psychiatry","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 104388"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143314189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}