Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Deep near infrared light-excited stable synergistic photodynamic and photothermal therapies based on P-IR890 nano-photosensitizer constructed via a non-cyanine dye","authors":"Dawei Jiang ,&nbsp;Chao Chen ,&nbsp;Peng Dai ,&nbsp;Caiyan Li ,&nbsp;Zhiyi Feng ,&nbsp;Na Dong ,&nbsp;Fenzan Wu ,&nbsp;Junpeng Xu ,&nbsp;Ping Wu ,&nbsp;Liuxi Chu ,&nbsp;Shengcun Li ,&nbsp;Xiaokun Li ,&nbsp;Youjun Yang ,&nbsp;Weian Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhouguang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cyanine dyes represented by IR780 can achieve synergistic photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) under the stimulation of near-infrared (NIR) light (commonly 808 nm). Unfortunately, the stability of NIR-excited cyanine dyes is not satisfactory. These cyanine dyes can be attacked by self-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) during PDT processes, resulting in structural damage and rapid degradation, which is fatal for phototherapy. To address this issue, a novel non-cyanine dye (IR890) was elaborately designed and synthesized by our team. The maximum absorption wavelength of IR890 was located in the deep NIR region (<em>ca.</em> 890 nm), which was beneficial for further improving tissue penetration depth. Importantly, IR890 exhibited good stability when continuously illuminated by deep NIR light. To improve the hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, the hydrophobic IR890 dye was grafted onto the side chain of hydrophilic polymer (POEGMA-b-PGMA-g-C<img>CH) <em>via</em> click chemistry. Then, the synthesized POEGMA-<em>b</em>-PGMA-<em>g</em>-IR890 amphiphilic polymer was utilized to prepare P-IR890 nano-photosensitizer <em>via</em> self-assembly method. Under irradiation with deep NIR light (850 nm, 0.5 W/cm², 10 min), the dye degradation rate of P-IR890 was less than 5%. However, IR780 was almost completely degraded with the same light output power density and irradiation duration. In addition, P-IR890 could stably generate a large number of ROS and heat at the same time. It was rarely reported that the stable synergistic combination therapy of PDT and PTT could be efficiently performed by a single photosensitizer <em>via</em> irradiation with deep NIR light. P-IR890 exhibited favorable anti-tumor outcomes through apoptosis pathway. Therefore, the P-IR890 could provide a new insight into the design of photosensitizers and new opportunities for synergistic combination therapy of PDT and PTT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 5","pages":"Article 100955"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in copper homeostasis-involved tumor theranostics","authors":"Xinghua Ren ,&nbsp;Xinyi Luo ,&nbsp;Fuchang Wang ,&nbsp;Long Wan ,&nbsp;Xiaofan Wang ,&nbsp;Jinya Xiong ,&nbsp;Mengwei Ye ,&nbsp;Shiqiao Rui ,&nbsp;Zhu Liu ,&nbsp;Siling Wang ,&nbsp;Qinfu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the third essential trace element in the human body, copper plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, which lays the foundation for its broad applications in cancer treatments. The overview of copper, including pharmacokinetics, signaling pathways, and homeostasis dysregulation, is hereby discussed. Additionally, cuproptosis, as a newly proposed cell death mechanism associated with copper accumulation, is analyzed and further developed for efficient cancer treatment. Different forms of Cu-based nanoparticles and their advantages, as well as limiting factors, are introduced. Moreover, the unique characteristics of Cu-based nanoparticles give rise to their applications in various imaging modalities. In addition, Cu-based nanomaterials are featured by their excellent photothermal property and ROS-associated tumor-killing potential, which are widely explored in diverse cancer therapies and combined therapies. Reducing the concentration of Cu²⁺/Cu⁺ is another cancer-killing method, and chelators can meet this need. More importantly, challenges and future prospects are identified for further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 5","pages":"Article 100948"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroxyethyl starch conjugates co-assembled nanoparticles promote photodynamic therapy and antitumor immunity by inhibiting antioxidant systems","authors":"Xiang Chen ,&nbsp;Zhengtao Yong ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Xiong ,&nbsp;Hai Yang ,&nbsp;Chen Xu ,&nbsp;Xing Wang ,&nbsp;Qingyuan Deng ,&nbsp;Jiayuan Li ,&nbsp;Xiangliang Yang ,&nbsp;Zifu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can produce high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill tumor cells and induce antitumor immunity. However, intracellular antioxidant systems, including glutathione (GSH) system and thioredoxin (Trx) system, limit the accumulation of ROS, resulting in compromised PDT and insufficient immune stimulation. Herein, we designed a nanomedicine PtHPs co-loading photosensitizer pyropheophorbide a (PPa) and cisplatin prodrug Pt–COOH(IV) (Pt (IV)) based on hydroxyethyl starch (HES) to inhibit both GSH and Trx antioxidant systems and achieve potent PDT as well as antitumor immune responses. Specifically, HES-PPa and HES-Pt were obtained by coupling HES with PPa and Pt (IV), and assembled into nanoparticle PtHPs by emulsification method to achieve the purpose of co-delivery of PPa and Pt (IV). PtHPs improved PPa photostability while retaining PPa photodynamic properties. <em>In vitro</em> experiments showed that PtHPs reduced GSH, inhibited Trx system and had better cell-killing effect and ROS generation ability. Subcutaneous tumor models showed that PtHPs had good safety and tumor inhibition effect. Bilateral tumor models suggested that PtHPs promoted the release of damage-associated molecular patterns and the maturation of dendritic cells, induced T cell-mediated immune responses, and thus suppressed the growth of both primary and distal tumors. This study reports a novel platinum-based nanomedicine and provides a new strategy for boosting PDT therapy-mediated antitumor immunity by overcoming intrinsic antioxidant systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 5","pages":"Article 100950"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revamping anti-cGAS-STING therapy via an injectable thermo-responsive supramolecular hydrogel for pathological retinal angiogenesis","authors":"Dan Yan ,&nbsp;Yuqian Wang ,&nbsp;Weijie Ouyang ,&nbsp;Caihong Huang ,&nbsp;Qian Chen ,&nbsp;Jiaoyue Hu ,&nbsp;Zuguo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Retinal neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness. While current anti-VEGF drugs effectively inhibit pathological angiogenesis, some patients develop resistance or reduced responsiveness to treatments over time, leading to diminished effectiveness. In this study, we identified high activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, which exacerbated pathological neovascularization and vessel leakage. We developed an injectable thermo-responsive supramolecular hydrogel loaded with an anti-STING drug. The hydrogel, made of Pluronic F127 (PF·127) consisting of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) units, demonstrated excellent transparency and biocompatibility. Importantly, the thermo-sensitive property allowed for precise spatial release of the drug, extending the effective treatment duration of C-176, which suppressed STING activation in the retina, reduced inflammation, and protected retinal tissue. Hydro^C-176 effectively inhibited microglial cell infiltration and the release of inflammatory angiogenic factors, highlighting its enhanced efficacy. While demonstrating slightly lower effectiveness compared to traditional anti-VEGF therapy, Hydro^C-176 exhibited more robust capabilities in regulating ocular microenvironmental inflammation. This approach may assist in enhancing the sensitivity and effectiveness of anti-VEGF therapy for reducing ocular inflammation, potentially improving patients’ response to traditional treatment. These results have suggested innovative and comprehensive strategies for the management of retinal neovascularization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 5","pages":"Article 100969"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravitreal long-term sustained ranibizumab delivery using injectable microgel-embedded hydrogel","authors":"Simin Lee ,&nbsp;Jun Young Park ,&nbsp;Hye Kyoung Hong ,&nbsp;Joo Young Son ,&nbsp;Byungwook Kim ,&nbsp;Jae Yong Chung ,&nbsp;Se Joon Woo ,&nbsp;Ki Dong Park","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Retinal vascular disease is the leading cause of visual impairment. Although intravitreal drug injections are the most suitable approach for addressing retinal disorders, existing clinical treatments necessitate repeated administration, imposing a substantial burden on patients with various intraocular complications. This study introduces an injectable and biodegradable hyaluronan microgel (Hm)-embedded gelatin–poly(ethylene glycol)–tyramine hydrogel (HmGh) designed for sustained intravitreal ranibizumab (RBZ) delivery to reduce patient burden and minimize the side effects associated with frequent injections. Hm exhibited a controlled RBZ loading capacity and release profile. HmGh effectively controlled the initial burst release and overall release profile. Cytocompatibility and cellular drug efficacy were also demonstrated. In an animal study, HmGh maintained RBZ concentrations in the vitreous and retina for &gt;120 d. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the half-life of RBZ-loaded HmGh in the vitreous and retina was 2.55 and 2.05 times longer than that of RBZ-loaded Hm, respectively, and 9.58 and 38.46 times longer than that of RBZ solution, respectively. Importantly, the initial RBZ elimination from HmGh to the aqueous humor was significantly reduced compared to that from the Hm and RBZ solutions. Intraocular degradation and safety were comprehensively evaluated using fundus imaging and histological analyses. In conclusion, this injectable microgel-embedded hydrogel formulation is a promising prolonged drug delivery system for treating various posterior segment eye diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 5","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142191744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicle-functionalized bioactive scaffolds for bone regeneration","authors":"Taozhao Yu ,&nbsp;Irene Shuping Zhao ,&nbsp;Hongguang Pan ,&nbsp;Jianhua Yang ,&nbsp;Huanan Wang ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Deng ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The clinical need for effective bone regeneration in compromised conditions continues to drive demand for innovative solutions. Among emerging strategies, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown promise as an acellular approach for bone regeneration. However, their efficacy is hindered by rapid sequestration and clearance when administered via bolus injection. To address this challenge, EV-functionalized scaffolds have recently been proposed as an alternative delivery strategy to enhance EV retention and subsequent healing efficacy. This review aims to consolidate recent advancements in the development of EV-functionalized scaffolds for augmenting bone regeneration. It explores various sources of EVs and different strategies for integrating them into biomaterials. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying their therapeutic effects in bone regeneration are elucidated. Current limitations in clinical translation and perspectives on the design of more efficient EVs for improved therapeutic efficacy are also presented. Overall, this review can provide inspiration for the development of novel EV-assisted grafts with superior bone regeneration potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 5","pages":"Article 100945"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell membrane-coated mRNA nanoparticles for enhanced delivery to dendritic cells and immunotherapy","authors":"Qiaoyun Li ,&nbsp;Junho Byun ,&nbsp;Dongyoon Kim,&nbsp;Yina Wu,&nbsp;Jaiwoo Lee,&nbsp;Yu-Kyoung Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cationic polymers such as polyethylenimine have been considered promising carriers for mRNA vaccines. However, their application is hindered by their inherent toxicity and a lack of targeted delivery capability. These issues need to be addressed to develop effective cancer vaccines. In this study, we investigated whether dendritic cell membrane-coated polyethylenimine/mRNA nanoparticles (DPN) could effectively deliver mRNA to dendritic cells and induce immune responses. For comparison, we employed red blood cell membrane-coated polyethylenimine/mRNA (RPN) and plain polyethylenimine/mRNA polyplex (PN). The dendritic cell membrane coating altered the zeta potential values and surface protein patterns of PN. DPN demonstrated significantly higher uptake in dendritic cells compared to PN and RPN, and it also showed greater mRNA expression within these cells. DPN, carrying mRNA encoding luciferase, enhanced green fluorescent protein, or ovalbumin (OVA), exhibited higher protein expression in dendritic cells than the other groups. Additionally, DPN exhibited favorable mRNA escape from lysosomes post-internalization into dendritic cells. In mice, subcutaneous administration of DPN containing ovalbumin mRNA (DPN_OVA) elicited higher titers of anti-OVA IgG antibodies and a greater population of OVA-specific CD8⁺ T cells than the other groups. In a B16F10-OVA tumor model, DPN_OVA treatment resulted in the lowest tumor growth among the treated groups. Moreover, the population of OVA-specific CD8⁺ T cells was the highest in the DPN_OVA-treated group. While we demonstrated DPN's feasibility as an mRNA delivery system in a tumor model, the potential of DPN can be broadly extended for immunotherapeutic treatments of various diseases through mRNA delivery to antigen-presenting cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 100968"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure based release kinetics analysis of doxazosin mesylate sustained-release tablets using micro-computed tomography","authors":"Qian Liu ,&nbsp;Mengqing Zan ,&nbsp;Hanhan Huang ,&nbsp;Hai Su ,&nbsp;Wenjing Zhang ,&nbsp;Lingyun Ma ,&nbsp;Guangchao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zunjian Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianzhao Niu ,&nbsp;Mingdi Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structures of solid dosage forms determine their release behaviors and are critical attributes for the design and evaluation of the solid dosage forms. Here, the 3D structures of doxazosin mesylate sustained-release tablets were parallelly assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). There were no significant differences observed in the release profiles between the RLD and the generic formulation in the conventional dissolution, but the generic preparation released slightly faster in media with ethanol during an alcohol-induced dose-dumping test. With their 3D structures obtained via micro-CT determination, the unique release behaviors of both RLD and the generic were investigated to reveal the effects of internal fine structure on the release kinetics. The structural parameters for both preparations were similar in conventional dissolution test, while the dissolutions in ethanol media showed some distinctions between RLD and generic preparations due to their static and dynamic structures. Furthermore, the findings revealed that the presence of ethanol accelerated dissolution and induced changes in internal structure of both RLD and generic preparations. Moreover, structure parameters like volume and area of outer contour, remaining solid volume and cavity volume were not equivalent between the two formulations in 40 % ethanol. In conclusion, the structure data obtained from this study provided valuable insights into the diverse release behaviors observed in various modified-release formulations in drug development and quality control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 100966"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alkyl chain length-regulated in situ intelligent nano-assemblies with AIE-active photosensitizers for photodynamic cancer therapy","authors":"Lingyi Shen ,&nbsp;Qi-Long Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongchao Yao ,&nbsp;Ya-Li Huang ,&nbsp;Zhichang Zheng ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Hong Xu ,&nbsp;Lin Tan ,&nbsp;Xukun Liao ,&nbsp;Binyi Xia ,&nbsp;Lin Li ,&nbsp;Carl Redshaw ,&nbsp;Yang Bai ,&nbsp;Chengli Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) brings new hope for the treatment of breast cancer due to few side effects and highly effective cell killing; however, the low bioavailability of traditional photosensitizers (PSs) and their dependence on oxygen severely limits their application. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) PSs can dramatically facilitate the photosensitization effect, which can have positive impacts on tumor PDT. To-date, most AIE PSs lack tumor targeting capability and possess poor cell delivery, resulting in their use in large quantities that are harmful to healthy tissues. In this study, a series of AIE PSs based on pyridinium-substituted triphenylamine salts ( TTPAs <strong>1</strong>–<strong>6</strong>) with different alkyl chain lengths are synthesized. Results reveal that TTPAs <strong>1</strong>–<strong>6</strong> promote the generation of type I and II ROS, including ·OH and ¹O₂. In particular, the membrane permeability and targeting of TTPAs <strong>4</strong>-<strong>6</strong> bearing C8-C10 side-chains are higher than TTPAs <strong>1</strong>-<strong>3</strong> bearing shorter alkyl chains. Additionally, they can assemble with albumin, thereby forming nanoparticles (TTPA <strong>4</strong>–<strong>6</strong> NPs) <em>in situ</em> in blood, which significantly facilitates mitochondrial-targeting and strong ROS generation ability. Moreover, the TTPA <strong>4</strong>–<strong>6</strong> NPs are pH-responsive, allowing for increased accumulation or endocytosis of the tumor and enhancing the imaging or therapeutic effect. Therefore, the <em>in vivo</em> distributions of TTPA <strong>4</strong>–<strong>6</strong> NPs are visually enriched in tumor sites and exhibited excellent PDT efficacy. This work demonstrates a novel strategy for AIE PDT and has the potential to play an essential role in clinical applications using nano-delivery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 100967"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles for delivering therapeutic agents in ischemia/reperfusion injury","authors":"Weihang Zhou ,&nbsp;Xinchi Jiang ,&nbsp;Jianqing Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is marked by the restriction and subsequent restoration of blood supply to an organ. This process can exacerbate the initial tissue damage, leading to further disorders, disability, and even death. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial in cell communication by releasing cargo that regulates the physiological state of recipient cells. The development of EVs presents a novel avenue for delivering therapeutic agents in I/R therapy. The therapeutic potential of EVs derived from stem cells, endothelial cells, and plasma in I/R injury has been actively investigated. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of the pathological process of I/R injury and the biophysical properties of EVs. We noted that EVs serve as nontoxic, flexible, and multifunctional carriers for delivering therapeutic agents capable of intervening in I/R injury progression. The therapeutic efficacy of EVs can be enhanced through various engineering strategies. Improving the tropism of EVs <em>via</em> surface modification and modulating their contents via preconditioning are widely investigated in preclinical studies. Finally, we summarize the challenges in the production and delivery of EV-based therapy in I/R injury and discuss how it can advance. This review will encourage further exploration in developing efficient EV-based delivery systems for I/R treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 6","pages":"Article 100965"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}