Post-Soviet geography and economics最新文献

{"title":"Noril'sk Nickel and Russian Platinum-Group Metals Production","authors":"A. R. Bond, R. Levine","doi":"10.1080/10889388.2001.10641164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641164","url":null,"abstract":"Two specialists on the mineral industries of the former USSR examine current operations and plans for future development of Noril'sk Nickel RAO, Russia's largest producer of nickel, copper, and platinum-group metals (PGM). The paper surveys recent changes in demand (world market prices) for Noril'sk Nickel's major export commodities (with particular emphasis on PGM) and investigates the extent to which these are reflected in the company's Development Plan to 2010. Plans to increase PGM output are assessed in light of such constraints as character of the ore resource, an aging physical infrastructure, availability of investment capital, and transportation costs and bottlenecks.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"42 1","pages":"104 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59653139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Recentralization in Uzbekistan","authors":"D. Bartlett","doi":"10.1080/10889388.2001.10641165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641165","url":null,"abstract":"An American economist recently working in Uzbekistan examines that country's lackluster post-Soviet effort at economic reform and its consequences for economic performance. Focus is on the negative impacts of the government's suspension of currency convertibility in 1996 (and the consequent growth of a black market in foreign currency transactions), maintenance of price controls, and continued state intervention in microeconomic decision making. The paper also compares Uzbekistan's anomalous economic policy trajectory with that typical elsewhere in the world (in Subsaharan Africa, East Asia, Latin America, and former Soviet republics), offering explanations based on rent-seeking, external politics, state structure, and economic ideology.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"42 1","pages":"105 - 121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59653147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic and Security Implications of Chinese Migration in the Russian Far East","authors":"Mikhail A. Alexseev","doi":"10.1080/10889388.2001.10641166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641166","url":null,"abstract":"Several dimensions of migration from China into bordering areas of the Russian Far East (primarily Primorskiy Kray) are subjected to critical assessment: scale of migration economic impacts (for migrants and host regions) attitudes of the host-region population and regional security implications. The analysis suggests that the Russian Far East generally has limited economic attraction for Chinese migrants despite the importance of migration for cross-border relations and trade. The study is based on data from Russian statistical border and migration services; extensive interviews and on-site observations; review of regional newspapers; and a large (N= 1010) opinion survey of the local population. (authors)","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"122 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of Foreign Direct Investment among Transition Economies in Central and Eastern Europe","authors":"J. Deichmann","doi":"10.1080/10889388.2001.10641167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641167","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a regression model designed to explain the distribution of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Locational variables are identified from geography and economics literatures on location theory and foreign direct investment. The dependent variable is cumulative value of investments in each host country, accounting for initial outlays as well as subsequent investments and reinvested profits. The results identify the most important determinants of FDI in the region (trade volume, followed by investment climate and density of transportation infrastructure).","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"42 1","pages":"142 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Reorganization of Russia's Environmental Bureaucracy: Implications and Prospects","authors":"D. J. Peterson, Eric K. Bielke","doi":"10.1080/10889388.2001.10641163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641163","url":null,"abstract":"A decree by Russian President Vladimir Putin in May 2000 abolished the Russian Federation State Committee for Environmental Protection and shifted its personnel and responsibilities for environmental protection to the Russian Federation Ministry of Natural Resources. The authors argue that, official statements to the contrary, the move signals an effort by the Russian government to weaken environmental regulations and to promote natural resource development and foreign investment. The paper examines the causes for the environment committee's demise, reviews efforts to have the decision reversed, and provides an outlook for environmental protection under the new organizational arrangements.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"42 1","pages":"65 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59653126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Regional Factor in Contemporary Ukrainian Politics: Scale, Place, Space, or Bogus Effect?","authors":"J. O’Loughlin","doi":"10.1080/10889388.2001.10641161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641161","url":null,"abstract":"A U.S. political geographer, examining regional political divisions in post-independence Ukraine, argues that the debate between the school positing that regional cleavages are ebbing and that which holds that Ukraine has not yet become a political community is also fundamentally a geographic question regarding scale and place. Using two measures of political preferences, votes in the 1999 presidential runoff election and the political attitudes expressed in 1992 and 1996 Eurobarometer surveys, the regional effect in Ukraine is shown to be complicated by the nature of the political question and by local disparities from regional trends. New methods of analysis clarify these complications and challenge both schools of researchers to heed issues of measurement, technique, and geographic issues of scale. 11 figures, 4 tables, 61 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"42 1","pages":"1 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59653056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uneven Development of Economic Interaction across the Finnish-Russian Border","authors":"V. Rautio, M. Tykkyläinen","doi":"10.1080/10889388.2001.10641162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641162","url":null,"abstract":"Two Finnish geographers examine the impact of the post-Cold War opening of the Finnish-Russian border on the level of economic interaction between Finland and Russia. They explore the role played by institutional and structural factors in the development of trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) between the two countries, as well as behavioral factors such as the attitudes of enterprise managers and workers. Insights into the nature of obstacles to Finnish-Russian trade and FDI are revealed by surveys of Russian workers and case studies of Finnish/Nordic companies doing business in Russia.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"42 1","pages":"34 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.2001.10641162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59653069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiscal Reform, Policy, and Constraints during Transition in Poland","authors":"David M. Kemme, R. Rapacki","doi":"10.1080/10889388.2000.10641158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.2000.10641158","url":null,"abstract":"Two specialists on the Polish economy examine the process whereby the fiscal system of Poland's centrally planned economy was replaced during the 1990s by a system designed for a market economy. Changes in the structure of both revenues and expenditures are described. The authors demonstrate that fiscal authorities in Poland heretofore have maintained budget control despite radical changes in fiscal systems and institutions. However, they identify and assess emerging concerns regarding the ability of fiscal authorities to manage the economy in the face of external shocks, potential mismanagement of extra-budget expenditures such as social security, and increased debt-financing requirements. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: E50, E60, H50, H60. 6 figures, 5 tables, 27 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"581 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.2000.10641158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiscal Policy in Transition Economies: A Postscript","authors":"J. Brada","doi":"10.1080/10889388.2000.10641159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.2000.10641159","url":null,"abstract":"In this and several preceding issues of Post-Soviet Geography and Economics, we have published analyses of fiscal policy in Hungary (Kiss and Szapary, 2000), the Czech Republic (Drabek and Schneider, 2000), and Poland (Kemme and Rapacki, 2000). These analyses are based on papers presented at the Annual Meetings of the Association for Comparative Economic Studies in January 2000 and subsequently revised and updated for publication here. Such a systematic comparison of fiscal policy in these three transition economies is both timely and important for our understanding of the process of post-transition stabilization and of the longer-term disinflation that has been taking place in these economies during the 1990s. These processes will also have to continue if these three countries are to realize their goal of membership in the EU in the next five years. These surveys of fiscal policy reform also are motivated by the fact that, while a very large body of research has appeared on the monetary policy of the transition economies (see Davis and Patterson, 2001), much less attention has been paid to fiscal policy. This emphasis on monetary policy is perhaps mis-placed because, although monetary policy is important for both stabilization and exchange-rate policy, given the embryonic state of financial markets in these countries in the early tran-sition period, close coordination between fiscal and monetary policy was critical if money markets were not to be swamped by the central banks? need to finance government deficits. Moreover, just as the possibilities for an effective monetary policy depended on the creation of institutions that could support and mediate such policy, so did the introduction of an effective fiscal policy depend on the elimination of the socialist-era tax system, with its emphasis on the turnover and enterprise taxes, and on the creation of a modern system of taxation and of the agencies required to administer it. Indeed, Kiss and Szapary (2000, p. 233) are not off the mark when they argue that fiscal policy became the epicenter of the transformation process. In this paper, I will briefly summarize the lessons that these three valuable papers provide. I shall also attempt to draw some broader conclusions regarding the role of fiscal policy in the course of transition by comparing the experiences of the three countries.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"599 - 604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.2000.10641159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59653005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational Resistance to Land Privatization: The Response of Rural Producers to Agrarian Reforms in Pre- and Post-Soviet Russia","authors":"C. Leonard","doi":"10.1080/10889388.2000.10641160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.2000.10641160","url":null,"abstract":"A UK-based economist and historian adapts the Fernandez-Rodrik model to demonstrate how rural opposition to land reform in present-day Russia is a consequence of individually rational decisions by members of former state and collective farms regarding whether to support further land reform or preserve the status quo (collective farming), given widespread uncertainties regarding the costs and benefits of private fanning. The paper also explores historical parallels to the present situation during the post-Emancipation and Stolypin eras, when peasant communes resisted enclosures and restructuring of rights to land, in part as a consequence of the unclear nature of property rights. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: N00, O13, Q15. 37 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"605 - 620"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.2000.10641160","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59653016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}