Applied Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"A 12-year summary of the effects of estrous synchronization and body weight at breeding on reproductive success of Bos indicus-influenced beef heifers grazing warm-season grasses","authors":"C.C. Brauner,&nbsp;V.S. Izquierdo,&nbsp;J.M.B. Vendramini,&nbsp;P. Moriel","doi":"10.15232/aas.2024-02630","DOIUrl":"10.15232/aas.2024-02630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective was to evaluate the effects of estrus synchronization and body weight before the start of breeding season on reproduction of <em>Bos indicus</em>-influenced beef heifers.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Data were collected from grazing, Brangus crossbred beef heifers (n = 594) weaned at 280 ± 26 d of age and fed concentrate from 2 wk after weaning until the end of the breeding season (189 ± 24 d of supplementation). Heifers were initially sorted into those that were (SYNC) and were not (NOSYNC) as- signed to an estrous synchronization protocol before the start of the breeding season. Then, within each synchro- nization group, heifers were sorted into those that were below (BE) or above (AB) 295 kg (65% of mature BW) at the start of the breeding season.</div></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><div>Effects of synchronization × BW at breeding and synchronization were not detected for growth performance, but tended to be detected for pu- berty attainment, which was the least for NOSYNC+BE, did not differ between SYNC+BE versus NOSYNC+AB, and was greatest for SYNC+AB heifers. Pregnancy and calving percentages were greater for AB versus BE heifers.</div></div><div><h3>Implications and Applications</h3><div>Results of this study indicate that <em>Bos indicus</em>-influenced beef heifers need to achieve ≥65% of mature BW at the start of the breeding season to optimize reproduction, whereas estrous synchro- nization protocols enhanced puberty attainment (regard- less of BW) and early calving distribution when heifers were &lt;65% of mature BW at the start of the breeding season.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8519,"journal":{"name":"Applied Animal Science","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 847-854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic evaluation of grazing steers on summer annuals sod-seeded into warm-season perennial pasture","authors":"IvaNelle Meyer ,&nbsp;Michael P. Popp ,&nbsp;Christine C. Nieman ,&nbsp;James L. Mitchell ,&nbsp;Kenneth P. Coffey","doi":"10.15232/aas.2024-02569","DOIUrl":"10.15232/aas.2024-02569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Sorhgum-sudangrass (SS) and cowpea (CW) can increase cattle gains when sod-seeded to mixed bermudagrass (MB); however, establishment time and cost may not be recouped by improved animal production. Additionally, valuing weight gain at varying production stages, without a market transaction, prompted an evaluation of different pricing methods.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Cattle gains on MB, SS, and a 50:50 mix of SS+CW (SSCW) pastures were evaluated. One pricing method linearly interpolated 10-yr-average prices across weight categories. A second, regression-based approach added corn and feeder cattle futures to weight to explain prices. The third used experimental years only.</div></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><div>Greater forage quality in annuals pastures where cattle had greater ADG (1.01 kg/ head per day for SS and SSCW vs. 0.79 kg/head per day for MB) led to different cattle gains by forage and year. In 2021 grazing days were 91, 68, and 60 d for MB, SS, and SSCW, respectively, whereas they were 95 d for MB and 92 d for SS and SSCW in 2022. Despite greater ADG with annuals, delayed planting of annuals led to numerically lesser cattle gains and lesser partial returns than MB in 2021. In 2022 drought forced a rest period in MB pastures; however, greater weight gains with annuals did not recoup costs regardless of pricing method.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Applications</h3><div>Timely planting is important for increasing grazing days with annuals. With seasonal and cyclical dynamics affecting the value of weight gain, heavier ending weights were not rewarded with prices that would cover annuals establishment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8519,"journal":{"name":"Applied Animal Science","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 697-707"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of displacing modified distillers grains with dry-rolled corn in a totally mixed ration on performance of growing beef steers consuming cornstalk residue from different harvest methods","authors":"V.B. Ferrari ,&nbsp;R.G. Bondurant ,&nbsp;G.E. Erickson ,&nbsp;K.H. Wilke ,&nbsp;J.C. MacDonald","doi":"10.15232/aas.2024-02551","DOIUrl":"10.15232/aas.2024-02551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective was to determine the effects of displacing modified distillers grains with dry-rolled corn in a TMR for steers consuming corn residue from 2 baling methods on growth of beef steers.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Crossbred beef steers (n = 120; initial BW = 281; SD = 15 kg) were assigned in a randomized complete block design with a 4 × 3 factorial treatment arrangement (10 steer/treatment). Factors included proportion of modified distillers grains with solubles (MDGS) and dry-rolled corn (DRC; 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, and 40:60 respectively) in the concentrate, and 3 forages; either high quality (70% brome hay and 30% sorghum silage; HQ) or corn residue from 2 baling methods. Corn residue was baled as a conventional rake and bale system (RB), or by disengaging the spreader on the combine and baling the tailings (DS). Steers were fed diets as a TMR (60:40 roughage:concentrate) individually for 84 d making steer the experimental unit.</div></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><div>A significant interaction was observed for DMI. At each proportion of MDGS in the concentrate, DMI for HQ (8.7, 9.2, 9.4, 8.5 kg/d) was greater than for RB (6.0, 5.5, 5.2, 5.6 kg/d) and DS (5.5, 5.0, 5.5, and 4.8 kg/d), which were not different. The interaction was due to the magnitude of the difference between intakes at the 40% MDGS level. Steers fed HQ had greater ending BW (393 kg) and ADG (1.31 kg/d) than those in RB (350 kg; 0.81 kg/d) and DS (346 kg; 0.76 kg/d). The G:F was not different for HQ, RB, and DS (0.148, 0.146, 0.149, respectively). As MDGS:DRC ratio decreased, ending BW (369, 365, 362, 356 kg), ADG (1.03,0.98, 0.96, 0.87 kg/d), and G:F (0.153, 0.153, 0.145, 0.139) decreased linearly.</div></div><div><h3>Implications and Applications</h3><div>Disengaging the spreader on the combine could result in similar animal performance as raking and baling for producers feeding crop residues. Decreasing the ratio of MDGS to DRC fed to growing steers fed a forage-based TMR reduced ending BW and ADG suggesting the energy supplied by MDGS cannot be replaced with DRC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8519,"journal":{"name":"Applied Animal Science","volume":"40 6","pages":"Pages 717-724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication yields and allometric growth coefficients of carcass components of serially slaughtered implanted or non-implanted beef steers","authors":"Kaitlyn R. Wesley ,&nbsp;Sierra L. Pillmore ,&nbsp;Tylo J. Kirkpatrick ,&nbsp;Kimberly B. Cooper ,&nbsp;Forest L. Francis ,&nbsp;Travis C. Tennant ,&nbsp;Wade T. Nichols ,&nbsp;Lee-Anne J. Walter ,&nbsp;John P. Hutcheson ,&nbsp;Ty E. Lawrence","doi":"10.15232/aas.2024-02580","DOIUrl":"10.15232/aas.2024-02580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Our objective was to quantify differences in carcass fabrication yield and allometric coefficients of carcass components from implanted and non-implanted steers.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Steers (n = 80; initial BW 271 ± 45 kg) were paired and randomized to slaughter date (d 0, 42, 84, 126, 168, 210, 252, 294, 336, 378). Individuals were randomized to treatment of negative control (CON) or Revalor-XS on d 0 and 190 (REV). One side of each animal was fabricated after a 48-h chill into primals, denuded subprimals, lean trim, trimmed fat, and bone. Weights (g) of non-carcass and carcass components were log-transformed and consolidated to arithmetic means by treatment and slaughter date. Growth coefficients were calculated using the allometric equation.</p></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><p>Cattle administered REV had increased cold side weights (CSW) 7.7%, bone yield 4.9%, and red meat yield 8.5%, with no differences in fat yield. Forequarter primal weights (chuck, brisket, foreshank, rib) increased 8.4%, 6.9%, 7.2%, and 5.2%, respectively, for REV cattle. Hindquarter primals (loin, flank, round) increased by 7.0%, 8.6%, and 6.3%, respectively, for REV steers. Length of feeding period notably did not affect chuck or loin yields proportionate to CSW. Fat as percentage of CSW increased at 0.04% per day, whereas bone and red meat yield decreased at −0.013% and −0.024% per day, respectively. Allometric growth coefficients were greater for REV in 2 carcass components (chuck eye roll, eye of round), whereas CON was greater in 1 component (flank steak). All primals except the round (0.81) and foreshank (0.87) exhibited growth coefficients greater than the empty body.</p></div><div><h3>Implication and Applications</h3><p>These data indicate that REV steers are more likely to have heavier side weights, greater bone yield, and increased red meat yields than CON steers. Additionally, minimal differences were observed in allometric growth coefficients between CON and REV steers. Steers administered REV greatly improved carcass yield over CON during a 378-d finishing period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8519,"journal":{"name":"Applied Animal Science","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 647-660"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590286524000971/pdf?md5=57c150e525b5f0dec631ed6fc340b939&pid=1-s2.0-S2590286524000971-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of lubabegron dose and duration on calculated cumulative ammonia gas emissions and growth performance by feedlot steers during the last 28, 56, or 84 days of the feeding period","authors":"Matt Edmonds ,&nbsp;John C. Kube ,&nbsp;Janet B. Allen ,&nbsp;Michelle Calvo-Lorenzo ,&nbsp;David McKenna ,&nbsp;Dale Woerner ,&nbsp;Mahesh Nair ,&nbsp;Ashley Corona ,&nbsp;John Scanga ,&nbsp;Phil Rincker ,&nbsp;K. Camara ,&nbsp;M.S. Brown","doi":"10.15232/aas.2023-02518","DOIUrl":"10.15232/aas.2023-02518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Our objective was to characterize the effects of lubabegron (Experior 10; Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) on ammonia gas emissions, growth and carcass merit, and animal mobility of feedlot steers.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Crossbred beef steers were used in a randomized complete block with a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement of dietary lubabegron concentrations. (LUB; 0, 1.5, 3.5, or 5.5 mg/kg of DM) and duration of feeding (28, 56, or 84 d before slaughter). Blocks were slaughtered after an equal time on feed.</p></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><p>Calculated cumulative ammonia gas emissions per kilogram of hot carcass weight decreased after 28 d (linear) as LUB increased and responded quadratically after 56 and 84 d (LUB × duration). Steer DMI (LUB × duration) decreased linearly as LUB increased after 28 and 56 d. Final shrunk BW and ADG (LUB × duration) increased (linear) as duration increased and increased (quadratic) as LUB increased. The increase in G:F (LUB × duration) as LUB increased was linear within each duration, with an increasingly smaller magnitude as duration increased. Steer G:F increased linearly as duration increased when 0, 1.5, and 3.5 mg/kg of DM was fed. Steer DP (LUB × duration) increased quadratically as duration increased and linearly as LUB increased. Marbling score (LUB × duration) decreased quadratically as LUB increased when fed for 84 d and decreased linearly when 1.5 or 3.5 mg/kg of DM was fed. Average YG decreased (LUB × duration) linearly as LUB increased. Neither LUB nor duration altered the distribution of mobility scores at lairage before slaughter.</p></div><div><h3>Implications and Applications</h3><p>Feeding lubabegron resulted in lesser calculated ammonia emissions per kilogram of output, ≤0.3 kg/d lesser DMI, up to 19 kg more hot carcass weight, and leaner carcasses with a lesser marbling score after 56 d and did not alter health status or animal mobility after transport to slaughter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8519,"journal":{"name":"Applied Animal Science","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 669-680"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590286524000995/pdf?md5=faabfaf8d5100e91eb8ca696bb5b1ce2&pid=1-s2.0-S2590286524000995-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of lubabegron supplementation on live performance, carcass characteristics, and mobility of Holstein steers","authors":"William C. Kayser ,&nbsp;Randall C. Raymond ,&nbsp;Phillip J. Rincker ,&nbsp;Sara Linneen ,&nbsp;Cory T. Herr","doi":"10.15232/aas.2023-02528","DOIUrl":"10.15232/aas.2023-02528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of feeding Lubabegron (LB; Experior, Elanco, Greenfield, IN) for 0, 28, 56, or 84 d on live growth, car- cass, and mobility in Holstein steers.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Holstein steers (n = 438; 521 kg ± 35.5 kg) were used in a completely randomized study with 4 duration treatments: control, LB for 28 d, LB for 56 d, and LB for 84 d. Feed intake, BW, and car- cass data were all measured and analyzed on an individual basis.</p></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><p>In the pooled analysis, steers fed LB had greater total gain, ADG and G:F on a live and yield-adjusted basis relative to the controls. Lubabegron treated cattle had greater hot carcass weight, dressing per- cent and ribeye area, and decreased marbling score and average yield grade compared with the control treatment. There were no differences detected between LB or control steers in mobility at either shipment to abattoir or in lai- rage.</p></div><div><h3>Implications and Application</h3><p>Supplementation with LB favorably altered growth and carcass responses. Steers fed LB had no differences in mobility or other health maladies during the feeding period. These results indicate that feedyard producers can utilize LB without negatively affecting feeding performance or carcass quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8519,"journal":{"name":"Applied Animal Science","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 681-687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590286524001009/pdf?md5=46450c1511a970321716c4dc779ed23c&pid=1-s2.0-S2590286524001009-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of a single extended-release implant and a re-implant strategy on performance and carcass characteristics of beef finishing heifers","authors":"J.L. Sperber ,&nbsp;E.A. Schumacher ,&nbsp;D.J. Jordon ,&nbsp;R.J. Cooper ,&nbsp;T.L. Scott ,&nbsp;S. Bundy ,&nbsp;D.B. Burken ,&nbsp;G. Sides ,&nbsp;R.M. Cleale ,&nbsp;G.E. Erickson","doi":"10.15232/aas.2023-02533","DOIUrl":"10.15232/aas.2023-02533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>A commercial feedlot experiment evalu- ated the effects of implanting heifers with an extended- release implant (Synovex One Feedlot) compared with a re-implant strategy (Synovex Choice followed by Synovex Plus) on finishing heifer performance, animal health, and carcass characteristics.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Using a randomized com- plete block design, crossbred heifers (n = 1,737; initial BW = 313 kg ± 15.3 kg) were randomly assigned to 24 pens across 2 treatments for an average of 181 d experi- ment. Treatments included a single extended-release im- plant administered on d 0 (Synovex One Feedlot; ONE) or a re-implant strategy of Synovex Choice (d 0) followed by Synovex Plus (CH/PLUS) on d 93 to 95.</p></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><p>There were no differences in live final BW or ADG between the 2 implant strate- gies; however, heifers implanted with CH/PLUS had 2.5% greater carcass-adjusted feed efficiency than ONE heif- ers. The CH/PLUS strategy produced heavier hot carcass weight (387 vs. 384 kg), larger LM area (87.9 vs. 85.3 cm²), and greater DP (62.30% vs. 61.96%) compared with ONE. Heifers implanted with ONE had greater marbling score, calculated YG, and 12th-rib fat (1.97 vs. 1.89 cm) compared with CH/PLUS heifers, resulting in a difference in QG and YG distribution between the 2 implant strate- gies. No differences were observed between treatments in morbidity, mortality, or pen removals.</p></div><div><h3>Implications and Applications</h3><p>These results indi- cate that heifers receiving a more aggressive re-implant strategy have heavier hot carcass weight, greater yield, and larger LM area, but reduced marbling compared with heifers that received an extended-release implant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8519,"journal":{"name":"Applied Animal Science","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 661-668"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590286524000983/pdf?md5=b6620ca113d87dba00b2ad7fd5fb3d29&pid=1-s2.0-S2590286524000983-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"October\" Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2590-2865(24)00102-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2590-2865(24)00102-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8519,"journal":{"name":"Applied Animal Science","volume":"40 5","pages":"Page OFC"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590286524001022/pdfft?md5=40f45ee6e6186e91df88d5861cfe9b8a&pid=1-s2.0-S2590286524001022-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exogenous melatonin on the postweaning immune response and growth performance of crossbred beef calves","authors":"Allie E. Martin,&nbsp;Vinicius S. Machado,&nbsp;Ryan J. Rathmann,&nbsp;Whitney L. Crossland","doi":"10.15232/aas.2024-02555","DOIUrl":"10.15232/aas.2024-02555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Our objective was to evaluate the effects of exogenous melatonin on the immune response and growth performance of beef calves during a vaccination series at weaning.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>Crossbred beef calves (n = 48, initial BW = 176 ± 21.7 kg) were enrolled in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments: vaccinated with 0.5 mg of ovalbumin (d 0 and 21) or not, and a 24-mg injection of melatonin (d 0 and 21) or not. Treatments were placebo injections only (CON), vaccination only (VAC), melatonin only (MEL), and both melatonin and vaccination (MVAC). Calves were weaned on d 0 and fed for 63 d. Calf BW and blood samples were collected on d 0, 2, 4, 8, 21, 42, and 63.</p></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><p>On d 8, MEL-treated calves had a greater percentage of cells performing oxidative burst and a greater percentage of cells performing phagocytosis, and these were at a greater intensity. On d 21, MEL-treated calves also had greater burst intensity than other treatments. Melatonin alone may bolster the innate immune response. Anti-ovalbumin IgG response was different on d 63, where MVAC calves had greater circulating anti-ovalbumin IgG compared with VAC calves. Calves who received VAC treatment had greater DMI than calves who received MVAC, and MVAC-treated calves tended to have a greater G:F than VAC calves. The administration of melatonin at the time of vaccination resulted in greater feed conversion and greater IgG than VAC alone.</p></div><div><h3>Implications and Applications</h3><p>Melatonin may bolster the immune response of calves at weaning and improve feed conversion, incentivizing its adoption as a management protocol.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8519,"journal":{"name":"Applied Animal Science","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 598-607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590286524000922/pdf?md5=37fdb6f979b9dcab830892778a055e43&pid=1-s2.0-S2590286524000922-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic potential of field peas as an alternative to corn distillers dried grains with solubles in beef heifer growing diets","authors":"Michael Undi ,&nbsp;Jon T. Biermacher ,&nbsp;Kevin Sedivec ,&nbsp;Timothy Long","doi":"10.15232/aas.2024-02548","DOIUrl":"10.15232/aas.2024-02548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study was conducted to (1) determine the economic potential of field peas relative to corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets of growing heifers and (2) identify price points for competitive utilization of field peas as an alternative to corn DDGS in diets of growing heifers.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>In a 2-yr study, 162 heifers/ yr were kept in 6 dry lot pens and fed isocaloric and isonitrogenous corn DDGS-based or field pea-based TMR in the fall and winter. Animal performance (final BW, total gain, and ADG) data analysis considered the fixed effects of diet (DDGS or peas), season (fall and winter), and diet × season interaction. Base-case ration costs were calculated using prices of $325∙t⁻¹ and $366∙t⁻¹ for corn DDGS and field peas, respectively. To understand market situations where field peas are more cost effective than DDGS, and vice versa, sensitivity analysis was conducted to calculate relative total cost of feeding peas versus DDGS for several combinations of prices of DDGS and field peas.</p></div><div><h3>Results and Discussion</h3><p>Heifer performance was not affected by dietary treatment, which was expected because diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Therefore, the relative economics of diet (DDGS vs. field peas) is based on evaluation of costs. Base-case results indicated that field pea-based rations cost $6.89∙head⁻¹ more than DDGS-based rations. Sensitivity analysis suggests that field peas only have a lower cost relative to corn DDGS in situations where the price of peas are between 30% and 50% less than the base-case price of peas at the same time that the prices of corn DDGS are at base-case prices and below. The breakeven price of field peas was $231.15∙t⁻¹ ($7.64∙bushel⁻¹), or 71% of the base-case price of DDGS. Overall, the value of field peas was mainly driven by the amount of field peas incorporated into diets and the price of field peas relative to DDGS.</p></div><div><h3>Implications and Applications</h3><p>Results from this study offer useful economic information to the field pea processing industry about the range of prices that beef cattle producers can afford to pay for peas relative to DDGS. This information will help the industry to develop a reliable supply chain for field peas as a feed source for beef cattle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8519,"journal":{"name":"Applied Animal Science","volume":"40 5","pages":"Pages 591-597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590286524000910/pdf?md5=89b40c2405d2f58d6d6090ebc483529f&pid=1-s2.0-S2590286524000910-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}