Asian journal of anesthesiology最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of the Effectiveness of Paracetamol and Ibuprofen Combination With Paracetamol and Ketorolac for Postoperative Analgesia in Cesarean Section: A Single Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"I Made Artawan, Kristian Ratu, Gottfrieda Patiencia Taeng-Ob Adang, Magdarita Riwu","doi":"10.6859/aja.202412_62(4).0002","DOIUrl":"10.6859/aja.202412_62(4).0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative pain after cesarean section (CS) can significantly impact patient recovery and morbidity if not managed effectively. This study compares the efficacy of two multimodal analgesic combinations-paracetamol with ibuprofen (PI) and paracetamol with ketorolac (PK)-in managing postoperative pain after CS, and assesses the incidence of side effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-blind clinical trial was conducted from June to July 2024 at Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Hospital, Kupang, Indonesia, involving 60 patients undergoing elective CS under spinal anesthesia, randomly assigned into two groups. The PI group received 400 mg of intravenous ibuprofen post-delivery, followed by 1,000 mg of oral paracetamol and 400 mg of ibuprofen every 8 hours. The PK group was given 30 mg of intravenous ketorolac, followed by 1,000 mg of oral paracetamol and 30 mg of intravenous ketorolac every 8 hours. Pain was assessed using the numeric rating scale (NRS) at 8, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively, while opioid rescue use (NRS > 4) and side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain were also recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pain scores were significantly lower in the PI group at 8 and 24 hours postoperatively (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found between the groups at 48 hours (P = 0.094). There was no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.656 and P = 0.095) in terms of total morphine rescue dose or the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The incidence of epigastric pain was significantly lower in the PI group (P = 0.038).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PI may represent a more favorable option for early postoperative pain control and lower epigastric pain effect, pending further validation in larger, multicenter trials. Both combinations had similar outcomes in terms of opioid use and PONV.</p>","PeriodicalId":8482,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of anesthesiology","volume":"62 4","pages":"187-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145450622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of PET Scan in Conscious Rats With Neuropathic Pain: Differential Changes in Brain Glucose Metabolic Activity in Spontaneous Versus Allodynia Pain.","authors":"Wen-Ying Lin, Yu-Hsin Huang, Chen-Tung Yen, Wei-Zen Sun","doi":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0004","DOIUrl":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuropathic pain is caused by lesions in the somatosensory nervous system. Pain occurs spontaneously, and responses to noxious and innocuous stimuli are pathologically amplified. Despite the abundant functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in awake human subjects, there is no available report on the behavioral correlate of differential brain areas involved in spontaneous and evoked pain symptoms in a conscious animal model. We investigated whether positron emission tomography (PET) imaging could depict the spatial changes in glucose metabolic activity in the awake male rat brain during spontaneous- and evoked-pain conditions on a spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two major branches of the sciatic nerve, the tibial and common peroneal nerves, were transected under anesthesia. Two PET experiments were performed. In the spontaneous pain behavior group, abnormal paw-lifting behaviors were recorded during fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake. In the allodynia group, the ipsilateral side of the lesion hindpaw was stimulated with a 6-g von Frey fi lament once every 5 seconds for 20 minutes during FDG uptake. Each rat was scanned twice in both experiments: once before and once from 3 to 7 days after SNI surgery. Nerves were isolated but not transected in the sham-operated control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After SNI surgery, rats displayed spontaneous jerky paw lifting and mechanical sensitization lasting at least 4 weeks. In the spontaneous pain behavior group, glucose metabolic activity in the SNI condition significantly increased in the ipsilateral posterior insular cortex (PIC) compared to pre-surgery and the sham-operated controls. The glucose metabolic activity of the PIC was linearly correlated with the frequency of spontaneous paw lifting. In the allodynia group, changes in glucose metabolic activities in the SNI condition significantly increased in the bilateral primary somatosensory cortex, contralateral secondary somatosensory cortex, contralateral primary motor cortex, ipsilateral secondary motor cortex, ipsilateral rostral insular cortex, PIC, hypothalamus, medial thalamus (including the medial dorsal nucleus and anterior periventricular thalamic nucleus), and medial cerebellum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Differential brain areas in rats with peripheral neuropathic pain were activated between mechanical hypersensitivity and spontaneous pain-related behaviors. The data suggest that PET is a useful imaging technique to establish the link between behavioral correlates and topographical representation in awake rats suffering from spontaneous pain and allodynia of neuropathic pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":8482,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of anesthesiology","volume":"62 3","pages":"140-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Sedation/Analgesia During Colonoscope on Abdominal Pain After Examination.","authors":"Fong-Sheng Lin, Chih-Peng Lin, Ya-Jung Cheng, Wei-Zen Sun","doi":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0002","DOIUrl":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sedation/analgesia (S/A) is widely used to relieve patients' anxiety and discomfort during colonoscopy. Their effects on abdominal pain after colonoscopy have never been fully investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The prospective study consecutively recruited 494 healthy patients having a screen colonoscopy examination as part of their health checkup. They were divided into two groups based on individuals' decision to receive sedation and analgesia or not. In the S/A group, 374 patients received midazolam and alfentanil during colonoscopy with standard monitoring, while in the non-sedation/analgesia (NSA) group, 120 patients received no analgesics. Severity and duration of abdominal pain (ordinal scale: 1 = none, 4 = severe) were assessed at the end of stay in the postanesthetic care unit (the S/A group) or examination room (the NSA group) and before discharge. Side effects S/A during (hypotension, hypoxemia) and after (nausea, vomiting, dizziness) colonoscopy were also recorded. All patients were closely monitored during the whole course of the health check-up package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean doses of midazolam and alfentanil were 4.06 mg and 813.12 μg, respectively. Patients in the NSA group had two-fold risks of moderate to severe abdominal pain compared to those in the S/ A group (16.67% vs. 9.36%, odds ratio = 1.937, 95% confidence interval: 1.010-3.625). The NSA group also had a higher incidence of abdominal pain 120 minutes after examination (33.33% vs. 16.04%, P < 0.001). Duration of abdominal pain in those patients who did have abdominal pain was longer in the S/ A group than in the NSA group (153.3 ± 49.9 vs. 118.7 ± 47.5 minutes, P < 0.001). The incidence of hypotension and hypoxemia in the group S/A was 5.6% and 2.9%, respectively. More patients in the S/ A group felt dizzy or sleepy than those in the NSA group (14.7% vs. 3.3%, P < 0.001). The incidence of nausea and vomiting was similar between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optimal S/A with midazolam and alfentanil decreases the severity and duration of postcolonoscopic abdominal pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":8482,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of anesthesiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144697499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing and Validating a Nationwide Risk-Stratification Prediction Model for Post-General Anesthetic Mortality-The Potentially Protective Effects of Anti-Lipid, Hypoglycaemic, and Anti-Hypertensive Agents in Taiwanese Geriatric Group.","authors":"Feng-Fang Tsai, Chih-Fan Chen, Jou-Wei Lin, Sheng-Nan Chang, Chun-Lin Chu, Ling-Ping Lai, Juey-Jen Hwang, Huei-Ming Yeh","doi":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0006","DOIUrl":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study used the National Taiwan Health Insurance database, including prescribed medications, underlying systemic diseases, and surgical types, to evaluate the relationship between those factors and mortality after general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This retrospective, population-based study was retrieved from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2013. We proposed a logistic regression model that can significantly predict postanesthesia mortality, which was validated in another set of databases. Moreover, we subgroup the study population into four major comparison groups, which include major organ transplantation, cardiovascular (CV) surgery, major neurosurgery, and others according to the diagnostic codes of the International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision, clinical modification codes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 681,779 subjects were analyzed in this study, and the most common comorbidity was hypertension. Age was an important determinant associated with postoperative mortality among different surgical types. Perioperative prescription could reduce the risks of the operation. The major surgeries (major organ transplantation, CV surgery, and neurosurgery) were associated with increasing postoperative mortality. The prediction model performed well in the validation group (area under receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] = 0.8753 for in-hospital mortality; AUROC = 0.8767 for 30-day mortality).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prediction model that we proposed from this nationwide study could identify the predictors for postoperative mortality. The potentially protective effects of anti-lipid, hypoglycemic, and anti-hypertensive agents were encouraging in the geriatric preoperative group. It is expected that applying this prediction model and prescription into clinical practice could improve surgical risk stratification and further improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8482,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of anesthesiology","volume":"62 3","pages":"162-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Intraoperative Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy in the Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Joshua Eldad Frederich Lasanudin, Alesia Prillya Mauna","doi":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0001","DOIUrl":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) has been proposed to optimize fluid management and reduce perioperative complications in the elderly. This meta-analysis evaluates the effects of intraoperative GDFT compared to conventional fluid therapy (CFT) on postoperative outcomes in elderly surgical patients. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from six databases. Outcomes assessed included overall postoperative complications, 30-day mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), and total fluid administered. Ten RCTs met the inclusion criteria, of which nine (n = 1,001) were included in the quantitative synthesis after excluding studies employing outdated protocols. GDFT significantly reduced overall complication rates (risk ratios [RR] = 0.80 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69-0.92]; P = 0.002), LOS (mean difference [MD] = -1.31 days [95% CI: -2.55 to -0.07]; P = 0.04), and intraoperative fluid volume (MD = -258.74 mL [95% CI: -450.86 to -66.68]; P = 0.008) compared to CFT. GDFT was also associated with lower 30-day mortality (RR = 0.42 [95% CI: 0.17-1.04]), though not statistically significant (P = 0.06). Substantial heterogeneity was noted for LOS and fluid volume. Subgroup analysis had no impact on LOS but decreased heterogeneity in intraoperative volume, with significant fluid-sparing effects only in the gastrointestinal surgery subgroup. Sensitivity analyses further revealed that the exclusion of specific studies influenced the results for mortality and LOS. In conclusion, when compared with CFT, intraoperative GDFT offers benefits in reducing postoperative complications, hospital stay, and fluid use in elderly patients. Further research is necessary to optimize protocols and address the observed heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8482,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of anesthesiology","volume":"62 3","pages":"105-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Single Intraoperative Dose of Dexamethasone on the Blood Glucose Concentration in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients: A Double Blinded Randomized Control Study.","authors":"Nadia Rose, S M Gajanan Babu, N K Navaneethan, K S Shruthi","doi":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0005","DOIUrl":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dexamethasone is widely used in anesthesia practise as prophylaxis for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Our aims were to evaluate the postoperative glycemic profile after a single dose of intraoperative dexamethasone in non-diabetic and diabetic patients and to evaluate the PONV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This double-blinded, randomized, controlled study was done for 6 months from June to December 2024 in a tertiary care hospital after obtaining ethical committee clearance and CTRI registration. Patients were allocated to one of four groups: nondiabetics receiving saline, nondiabetics receiving dexamethasone, diabetics receiving saline, and diabetics receiving dexamethasone. The study drug or saline control was administered at the induction of anesthesia. Blood sugar values, two hours after dexamethasone/placebo administration as well as fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar on postoperative day 1, 2 were taken as primary endpoints. PONV was assessed in the first 24 hours after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rise in blood glucose levels was higher in the group receiving dexamethasone compared to saline in both diabetics and nondiabetics (P < 0.05). None of the patients had blood glucose values more than 180 mg/dL after 2 hours and 8 hours of dexamethasone administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dexamethasone can be considered as prophylaxis for PONV in well controlled diabetics and nondiabetics despite the increase in blood glucose levels as a hyperglycemic response (blood glucose value 180 mg/dL) to a single dose was not observed in our study.</p>","PeriodicalId":8482,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of anesthesiology","volume":"62 3","pages":"153-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nociception Along With Interventional Bronchoscopy: Analyzed With Analgesia Nociception Index.","authors":"Kuang-Cheng Chan, Chih-Jun Lai, Ching-Kai Lin, Ya-Jung Cheng","doi":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0003","DOIUrl":"10.6859/aja.202409_62(3).0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anesthesia for interventional bronchoscopy (IB) presents significant challenges, primarily due to unpredictable responses such as coughing, airway spasms, and desaturation, even with monitored anesthetic care. However, the nociception inducing such responses and the impact of adding topical anesthesia (TA) have rarely been investigated. This study aims to map the timing and intensity of nociception, determine TA onset, and clarify TA's role in blocking nociception with subsequent IB procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analgesia nociception index (ANI) and mean arterial blood pressure (MBP) were collected in patients undergoing IB procedures with bispectral index (BIS)-controlled intravenous anesthesia. Data were compared and analyzed along with various stages: anesthetic induction with iGel insertion, fibro-optic bronchoscopy (FOB) insertion, and applying TA with the spray-as-you-go (SAYGO) method using xylocaine, up to 30 minutes with subsequent IB procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 82 patients were analyzed. Under BIS-controlled anesthesia, iGel insertion decreased ANI significantly (P < 0.001). Following stabilization, ANI decreased significantly with SAYGO (P < 0.001), returned toward baseline within 5 minutes, and remained stably higher than baseline for up to 30 minutes. The changes on MBP were similar to those of ANI. No significant correlations were observed between BIS levels and ANI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ANI offers a valuable perspective on nociception, serves as a helpful reference for precise anesthetic management for IB. The key action, such as an ultrashort-acting anesthetic just before FOB insertion to block nociception from the establishment of TA without prolonged effect, is suggested for smooth, subsequent IB procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":8482,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of anesthesiology","volume":"62 3","pages":"131-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additional Analysis Supports Shorter Intubation Time With VivaSight Double-Lumen Tubes for One-Lung Ventilation.","authors":"I-Wen Chen, Kuo-Chuan Hung","doi":"10.6859/aja.202406_62(2).0005","DOIUrl":"10.6859/aja.202406_62(2).0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8482,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of anesthesiology","volume":" ","pages":"98-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four Approaches of Styletubation for Handling the Orotracheal Intubation: A Technical Tip.","authors":"Meng-Wai Cheong, Hsiang-Ning Luk, Jason Zhensheng Qu, Alan Shikani","doi":"10.6859/aja.202406_62(2).0006","DOIUrl":"10.6859/aja.202406_62(2).0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8482,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of anesthesiology","volume":" ","pages":"100-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Dementia After Uterus or Prostate Resection: 17-Year Follow-Up of a Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Chiu-Yin Lee, Yi-Chun Chen, Yen-Jen Oyang, Wei-Zen Sun","doi":"10.6859/aja.202406_62(2).0001","DOIUrl":"10.6859/aja.202406_62(2).0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the effect of surgical operation, age at surgery, sex hormones, and anesthesia modality on the risk of dementia in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of females aged between 30 and 70 years old who were diagnosed with dysmenorrhea and underwent hysterectomy/myomectomy or without surgery, and males with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) with or without transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) were identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database 2000-2016. The effect of age at surgery, surgery type, and anesthesia modality on dementia risk was assessed using Cox regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 855,893 subjects, 10,242 developed dementia. Surgery at older age increased dementia risk in both sexes. Among females, hysterectomy/myomectomy was not significantly associated with dementia risk, although myomectomy was associated with a lower risk for dementia than hysterectomy. In males, TURP significantly increased the risk of dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Men with BPH and women with dysmenorrhea who were older at surgery have a higher risk of dementia. Regardless of the anesthetic method, surgery increased the risk of dementia in men. Among the data of women, although the surgery factor was not significantly associated with dementia risk, women with myomectomy had a lower risk of dementia than the ones with hysterectomy. These findings together contributed to risk stratification for each sex in such surgical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":8482,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of anesthesiology","volume":" ","pages":"67-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}