Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)最新文献

{"title":"Regulating the Market Risks: The Coalitions between Occupational Unions and CSOs in Taiwan *","authors":"Yao‐Tai Li","doi":"10.21588/DNS.2015.44.2.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21588/DNS.2015.44.2.006","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes craft-based unions founded after democratization in Taiwan, focusing in particular on how they cooperate with other civil society organizations (CSOs) and how coalitions develop to cope with the market risks faced by skilled workers. This paper asks whether these coalitions present any peculiarities or unusual dynamics beyond those designated by the state such as labor insurance. The study finds that these “new” occupational unions function as collective organizations of skilled workers, attempting to manipulate market relations by cooperating with other CSOs. Two strategies are identified in this paper: the Union of Community Servicewomen pursues a strategy of “market closure”; the Documentary Media Worker Union tries to establish coalitions with other CSOs by resorting to shared interests.","PeriodicalId":84572,"journal":{"name":"Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)","volume":"29 1","pages":"295-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74920820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Changing Relationship between Labor Unions and Civil Society Organizations in Postwar Japan","authors":"A. Suzuki","doi":"10.21588/DNS.2015.44.2.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21588/DNS.2015.44.2.003","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the historical development of the relationships between labor unions and civil society organizations (CSOs) in postwar Japan from the 1950s to the 2000s. The paper focuses on union-CSO relationships in three periods: the “post-authoritarian” period (the 1950s), the period of controversies over industrial pollution (from the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s), and the period of union decline and neoliberalism (the 1990s and the 2000s). In the first period, the labor movement led coalitions as a “vanguard.” In the second period, the relationship between labor unions and CSOs became distant or tense. In the third period, to regain their social presence, labor unions formed coalitions with non-profit organizations (NPOs), and relationships between unions and CSOs were relatively equal. The third period also saw the development of more militant union-CSO coalitions to oppose labor market deregulation.","PeriodicalId":84572,"journal":{"name":"Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)","volume":"195 1","pages":"219-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75887740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Regional Networks between Labor Unions and Communities in Korea","authors":"Minjin Lee","doi":"10.21588/DNS.2015.44.2.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21588/DNS.2015.44.2.005","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines three case studies to show how labor unions and community organizations, residents, and local governments in Korea built and developed regional networks. Korean labor unions have become aware that they cannot operate in isolation from their communities and have had to involve community organizations in their fights. Each case shows a labor movement’s efforts to avoid isolation and broaden union identities and boundaries. These attempts are occurring in many regions, and it is likely that the future will bring greater attention to the building of strategically oriented relationships between labor unions and communities.","PeriodicalId":84572,"journal":{"name":"Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)","volume":"1 1","pages":"275-293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79847039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who Is Willing to Pay More Taxes for Welfare? Focusing on the Effects of Diverse Types of Trust in South Korea and Taiwan","authors":"남은영, 우명숙","doi":"10.21588/dns.2015.44.2.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21588/dns.2015.44.2.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":84572,"journal":{"name":"Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)","volume":"20 1","pages":"319-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89667708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing Cross-movement Coalitions between Labor Unions and Civil Society Organizations in South Korea","authors":"B. Lee","doi":"10.21588/DNS.2015.44.2.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21588/DNS.2015.44.2.002","url":null,"abstract":"In South Korea’s modern history the cross-movement relationship between labor activism/unions and civil society organizations has evolved from the resistance coalition under the developmental state (~1987), through the diverging coalitions in the post-democratization period (1988~1997), to the hollowed-out coalitions under the post-1997 neoliberal regime (from 1998 on). This case study finds that the cross-movement coalition of labor unions and civil society organizations in Korea has demonstrated distinct characteristics in its dynamics and configuration that are rarely observed in the Western advanced countries. The cross-movement relationship between unions and civil society organizations, evolving in the context of the Korean political economy, demonstrates divergent configurations of ideological lines, ranging from the radical coalition, through the progressive and the liberal ones, to the conservative one. This case study also finds that there coexist multiple union-CSO coalitions competing for public leverage, and that the incidence and intensity of crossmovement coalitions could be contradictory, as evinced by the broadening networking and lowering cohesiveness in the union-CSO coalitions in the recent period of neoliberal regime. The marginalization of labor unions in the terrain of cross-movement coalitions symbolizes the overlapped crises of internal (organized-unorganized) and external (union-CSO) solidarities, that Korean labor union movement are faced with at present.","PeriodicalId":84572,"journal":{"name":"Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)","volume":"1 1","pages":"199-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89605576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue: A Comparative Perspective of Union-CSO Coalitions in the East Asian Countries","authors":"A. Suzuki, B. Lee","doi":"10.21588/DNS.2015.44.2.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21588/DNS.2015.44.2.001","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue of Development and Society examines the historical development and current state of coalitions between labor unions and civil society organizations (CSOs) in South Korea (hereafter Korea), Taiwan, and Japan. It focuses on the possibilities and limits of union-CSO coalitions as ways to (re-)establish the labor movements as a counterweight to state, business, and market domination of civil society. Although the three East Asian countries have different trajectories of political and economic development in the postwar period (for example, Korea and Taiwan experienced authoritarian state rule; Japan did not), their labor movements and civil societies share characteristics. They each have decentralized union organizations and civil societies whose spheres of activity tend to be constrained by the state, political parties, and business corporations.The special issue consists of five articles on union-CSO coalitions in Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. Three articles are about historical evolution of such coalitions in each country, while two articles are on notable contemporary cases of the coalition observed in Korea and Taiwan. It is a meaningful attempt to examine union-CSO coalitions among these nonWestern countries, particularly from the comparative and historical perspective, in that the existing English literature has given little attention to the relationship between labor unions and civil society organizations outside countries in the West.The Challenges Facing Labor Movements in East Asian CountriesLabor movements in Korea, Japan, and Taiwan are organizationally decentralized, and enterprise unions are the dominant form of union organization. Industrial unions, a typical form in advanced democracies in the West, were formed only under exceptional circumstances. Unlike labor movements in advanced Western democracies, the labor movements in these three countries, either directly through mobilization or indirectly through political parties representing workers' interests, lacked political power sufficient to promote the development of welfare states that granted universal social rights to workers and their families. In Korea and Taiwan, labor unions under authoritarian rule were repressed by the state (Korea) or tightly controlled by enterprise-level organs of the Kuomintang (the KMT). In Japan, even under formally democratic rule, labor unions came under the hegemonic control of management at the enterprise level after the defeat of class-oriented unions in labor disputes in the 1950s and early 1960s. We should note, though, that, despite their organizational and political weakness, Korean and Taiwanese unions were leading civil society actors in the democratization process in their respective countries in the late 1980s and early 1990s.As the economies of the three countries came under the influence of neo-liberal globalization in the 1990s, their labor movements experienced similar structural changes in labor markets: disparities i","PeriodicalId":84572,"journal":{"name":"Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)","volume":"10 1","pages":"191-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75781526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shock Waves of Political Risk on the Stock Market: The Case of Korean Companies in the U.S. *","authors":"Yunjung Pak, Young Jin Kim, M. Song, Yong Hak Kim","doi":"10.21588/DNS.2015.44.1.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21588/DNS.2015.44.1.006","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a method to examine the effects of the U.S. news sentiments on Korean firms listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) when North Korea causes geopolitical risks to the South Korean economy. Stock prices are evaluated by market factors and return to their fundamental values in the long term. Nevertheless, external shocks such as geo-political and international risks often cause stock volatility. Using a semi-supervised machine learning approach, we classify negative and positive news from five major newspapers in the U.S. to scrutinize the degree of North Korean risk and its influence on the stock prices of Korean firms listed on the NYSE. We find that news related to North Korea have an impact on the stock volatility in the U.S. and Korea. We could detect the direct impact of political risk posed by North Korea on the NYSE, but it was weaker than their indirect effects through the Korean stock Market.","PeriodicalId":84572,"journal":{"name":"Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)","volume":"17 1","pages":"143-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80723517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women’s Work and Family Income Inequality in South Korea","authors":"Kwang-Yeong Shin, J. Kong","doi":"10.21588/dns.2015.44.1.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21588/dns.2015.44.1.003","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the influence of wives’ income on family income inequality between married couples in South Korea. While some scholars have argued that the rise in married women’s labor force participation is most frequent among wives whose husbands earn a low income, and thus lessens the inequality of family income, others have proclaimed that due to educational homogamy, the increased participation tends to reinforce family income inequality. Analyzing the Korea Welfare Panel Study data, this paper reports three things. First, wives’ income tended to reinforce family income inequality. Second, the relative importance of wives’ income in the change in family income inequality has increased due to wives’ incomes taking a greater share of family incomes. Third, the combination of small difference in the average income of wives across husbands’ income deciles and the rise in wives’ labor force participation among the lower deciles of husbands’ income tends to reduce family income inequality.","PeriodicalId":84572,"journal":{"name":"Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)","volume":"134 1","pages":"55-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77173046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Growing Influence of Private Expressions and Public Responsibility in Advanced Information Society: A Socio-Legal Approach to the Minerva Case *","authors":"Yijong Suh, Young-jin Kim","doi":"10.21588/dns.2015.44.1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21588/dns.2015.44.1.002","url":null,"abstract":"By examining the Minerva case from 2008-10 this paper deals with the issues surrounding freedom of expression that arise from the increased influence of private expressions on public bulletin board systems in the context of a technically and socially developed Internet. In section 2 we review the legal context of the Internet bulletin board system, especially public Internet bulletin board systems, and introduce the Minerva case in the social context of the year 2008-9 in section 3. In section 4 we discuss the legal process of the Minerva case at courts, and present a socio-legal consideration of the Constitutional Court’s decision in section 5. We conclude by arguing for the necessity of rebalancing freedom of expression and public interest, and properly specifying the meaning of public interest in the social public in a democratic Internet society.","PeriodicalId":84572,"journal":{"name":"Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)","volume":"1 1","pages":"29-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79604964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collective Memory and Formation of the \"Unconscious\" Political Generation: Focusing on the Former Period Baby Boomers in Korea *","authors":"K. Ma, Hye-kyung Kim","doi":"10.21588/DNS.2015.44.1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21588/DNS.2015.44.1.004","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to show how the collective memories of industrialization and dictatorship Korean baby boomers experienced in the formative period of political socialization have unconscious effect on Korea’s political process. Research findings include: First, baby boomers have preferences for strong leaders-moderate civil society relationship. This is in line with the positive collective memory of President Park Chung Hee, who led industrialization and remarkable economic growth based on his authoritarian rule. Second, political choice of baby boomers in their lifetime voting since 1987 manifested a regional cleavage between Honam and non-Honam. This shows the unconscious effect of their sense of belonging to a political party and regional identity, formed according to the division into Honam and non-Honam regions. Third, baby boomers from non-Honam attacked progressive or critical political parties and social forces in a manner similar to the way President Park Chung Hee ruled using anticommunism to justify violence and oppression against political opposition forces. The above discussions reveal the need to consider not just political generation as a social movement force, but also the “unconscious” political generation that influences political process by their political values and faith.","PeriodicalId":84572,"journal":{"name":"Development and society (Soul Taehakkyo. Institute for Social Devdelopment and Policy Research)","volume":"127 1","pages":"77-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75841037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}