Annals of Laboratory Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Detecting M-Protein via Mass Spectrometry and Affinity Beads: Enrichment With Mixed Kappa-Lambda Beads Enables Prompt Application in Clinical Laboratories.","authors":"Jikyo Lee, Jung Hoon Choi, Eun-Hee Kim, Jihyun Im, Heeyoun Hwang, Seojin Yang, Joon Hee Lee, Kyunghoon Lee, Junghan Song, Seungman Park, Sang Hoon Song","doi":"10.3343/alm.2024.0039","DOIUrl":"10.3343/alm.2024.0039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Detecting monoclonal protein (M-protein), a hallmark of plasma cell disorders, traditionally relies on methods such as protein electrophoresis, immune-electrophoresis, and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE). Mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) and electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-qTOF) MS, have emerged as sensitive methods. We explored the M-protein-detection efficacies of different MS techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To isolate immunoglobulin and light chain proteins, six types of beads (IgG, IgA, IgM, kappa, lambda, and mixed kappa and lambda) were used to prepare samples along with CaptureSelect nanobody affinity beads (NBs). After purification, both MALDI-TOF MS and liquid chromatography coupled with Synapt G2 ESI-qTOF high-resolution MS analysis were performed. We purified 25 normal and 25 abnormal IFE samples using NBs and MALDI-TOF MS (NB-MALDI-TOF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Abnormal samples showed monoclonal peaks, whereas normal samples showed polyclonal peaks. The IgG and mixed kappa and lambda beads showed monoclonal peaks following the use of daratumumab (an IgG/kappa type of monoclonal antibody) with both MALDI-TOF and ESI-qTOF MS analysis. The limits of detection for MALDI-TOF MS and ESI-qTOF MS were established as 0.1 g/dL and 0.025 g/dL, respectively. NB-MALDI-TOF and IFE exhibited comparable sensitivity and specificity (92% and 92%, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NBs for M-protein detection, particularly with mixed kappa-lambda beads, identified monoclonal peaks with both MALDI-TOF and ESI-qTOF analyses. Qualitative analysis using MALDI-TOF yielded results comparable with that of IFE. NB-MALDI-TOF might be used as an alternative method to replace conventional tests (such as IFE) to detect M-protein with high sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8421,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"518-528"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142003494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Plasma Renin Concentration and Renin Activity in Predicting Mortality and Kidney Outcomes in Patients With Septic Shock and Hypoperfusion or Hypotension: A Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Study.","authors":"Gun Tak Lee, Byuk Sung Ko, Da Seul Kim, Minha Kim, Jong Eun Park, Sung Yeon Hwang, Daun Jeong, Chi Ryang Chung, Hyunggoo Kang, Jaehoon Oh, Tae Ho Lim, Bora Chae, Won Young Kim, Tae Gun Shin","doi":"10.3343/alm.2023.0425","DOIUrl":"10.3343/alm.2023.0425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lactate is a commonly used biomarker for sepsis, although it has limitations in certain cases, suggesting the need for novel biomarkers. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of plasma renin concentration and renin activity for mortality and kidney outcomes in patients with sepsis with hypoperfusion or hypotension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multicenter, prospective, observational study of 117 patients with septic shock treated at three tertiary emergency departments between September 2021 and October 2022. The accuracy of renin activity, renin, and lactate concentrations in predicting 28-day mortality, acute kidney injury (AKI), and renal replacement requirement was assessed using the area under the ROC curve (AUC) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AUCs of initial renin activity, renin, and lactate concentrations for predicting 28-day mortality were 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55-0.77), 0.63 (95% CI, 0.52-0.75), and 0.65 (95% CI, 0.53-0.77), respectively, and those at 24 hrs were 0.74 (95% CI, 0.62-0.86), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.56-0.83), and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.54-0.79). Renin concentrations and renin activity outperformed initial lactate concentrations in predicting AKI within 14 days. The AUCs of renin and lactate concentrations were 0.71 (95% CI, 0.61-0.80) and 0.57 (95% CI, 0.46-0.67), respectively (<i>P</i>=0.030). The AUC of renin activity (0.70; 95% CI, 0.60-0.80) was also higher than that of lactate concentration (<i>P</i>=0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Renin concentration and renin activity show comparable performance to lactate concentration in predicting 28-day mortality in patients with septic shock but superior performance in predicting AKI.</p>","PeriodicalId":8421,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"497-506"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141442032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Customized Quality Assessment of Healthcare Data.","authors":"Jieun Shin, Jong-Yeup Kim","doi":"10.3343/alm.2024.0084","DOIUrl":"10.3343/alm.2024.0084","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8421,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"472-477"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141625843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Trend of Adenovirus Activity After the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea: Analysis of National Surveillance Data.","authors":"Nam-Joo Lee, SangHee Woo, Jee Eun Rhee, Jaehee Lee, Sangwon Lee, Eun-Jin Kim","doi":"10.3343/alm.2023.0484","DOIUrl":"10.3343/alm.2023.0484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The adenovirus detection rate is <10% throughout the year in South Korea; however, during the summer of 2023, it showed an unusual increase. We analyzed the adenovirus detection rate using data from the Korea Respiratory Integrated Surveillance System before and after coronavirus disease (COVID-19) collected from 2019 to week 36 of 2023. Before the COVID-19 outbreak in 2019, the mean detection rate was 8.2%, which decreased to 6.1% during the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 to 2022. In 2023, the mean detection rate was 14.3% in week 36 and the highest in week 34, at 42.2%, and adenovirus was predominantly detected in the summer. The detection rate by age group showed substantially high activity among 0-12-yr-olds after the pandemic. This age group had a steady mean rate of 9.5% during the pandemic, without seasonality. In 2023, the detection rate surged in the 0-6-yr and 7-12-yr age groups, peaking at 61.6% and 57.1%, respectively. The dominant epidemic serotypes were HAdV-1 and HAdV-2 during and HAdV-3 after the pandemic. The multifaceted non-pharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic considerably impacted the prevalence of common respiratory viruses and complicated respiratory virus patterns after the pandemic. Constant surveillance is crucial for epidemic preparedness to monitor the possible surge of certain respiratory viruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8421,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"581-585"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential and Brain β-Amyloid Deposition in Korean Patients With Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Jiwon Yun, Young Chul Youn, Hye Ryoun Kim","doi":"10.3343/alm.2024.0086","DOIUrl":"10.3343/alm.2024.0086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Few studies have focused on the association between clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in the brain, which causes Alzheimer's disease. We aimed to investigate the potential role of CHIP in brain Aβ deposition in Korean patients. We enrolled 58 Korean patients over 50 yrs of age with cognitive impairment who underwent brain Aβ positron emission tomography. We explored CHIP in their peripheral blood using deep-targeted next-generation sequencing. Irrespective of the presence or absence of brain Aβ deposition, mutations in <i>DNMT3A</i> and the C:G>T:A single-nucleotide variants were identified as the primary characteristics, which reflect aged hematopoiesis in the study population. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the presence of CHIP was not associated with brain Aβ deposition. As both CHIP and brain Aβ deposition are associated with aging, further research is required to elucidate their possible interplay.</p>","PeriodicalId":8421,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"576-580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Various Concentrations of Pronase on Flow Cytometric Crossmatching Patients Treated With Rituximab and Donor HLA-Specific Antibodies.","authors":"Tae-Shin Kim, Inseong Oh, Yu Jung Choi, Minjeong Nam, Hajeong Lee, Eun Young Song","doi":"10.3343/alm.2024.0132","DOIUrl":"10.3343/alm.2024.0132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pronase pretreatment can reduce rituximab (RTX) interference by degrading CD20 in B-cell flow cytometry crossmatch (FCXM) testing. However, it may also reduce the assay sensitivity by degrading HLA molecules. We investigated the effects of various pronase concentrations on RTX interference and the analytical sensitivity of B-cell FCXM testing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using 59 patient serum samples and 38 donor lymphocyte samples, we designed 97 recipient-donor pairs and divided them into three groups according to RTX use and the presence of weak-to-moderate donor HLA-specific antibody (DSA) reactions: RTX+/DSA-, RTX+/DSA+, and RTX-/DSA+. FCXM was performed after pretreating lymphocytes with six different pronase concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/mL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With B-FCXM testing, false-positive results due to RTX in the RTX+/DSA- group markedly decreased with increasing pronase concentrations. The median channel shift values in the RTX+/DSA+ and RTX-/DSA+ groups did not significantly decrease when the pronase concentration was increased from 1 mg/mL to 2 or 3 mg/mL. All eight RTX+/DSA+ cases that were positive at 1 mg/mL pronase but negative at 2 or 3 mg/mL had mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) DSA values of less than 3,000 except for DQ5 (MFI: 5,226). With T-cell FCXM, false-positive results were observed in 2.9% of 315 FCXM tests with pronase pretreatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher concentrations (2 or 3 mg/mL) of pronase effectively eliminated RTX interference but still carried a risk for false negativity for weak DSA reactions in B-cell FCXM. Higher pronase concentrations can be used as an auxiliary method to detect moderate-to-strong DSA reactions in RTX-treated patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8421,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"545-552"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a False-positive Multiplex Ligationdependent Probe Amplification Result in <i>BRCA1</i> Using a Copy Number Variation Algorithm Under Development for a Commercial Next-Generation Sequencing-based Homologous Recombination Deficiency Assay.","authors":"Paola Concolino, Elisa De Paolis, Martina Rinelli, Giulia Maneri, Francesca Brisighelli, Rita Trozzi, Simona Duranti, Luciano Giacò, Maria Piane, Alessia Preziosi, Arianna Panfili, Giovanni Scambia, Camilla Nero, Maria De Bonis, Angelo Minucci","doi":"10.3343/alm.2024.0051","DOIUrl":"10.3343/alm.2024.0051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8421,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"617-620"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Terminology Standards Matter for Data-driven Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare.","authors":"Hyeoun-Ae Park","doi":"10.3343/alm.2024.0105","DOIUrl":"10.3343/alm.2024.0105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8421,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"467-471"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141490704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unexpected Encounter During a Screening Colonoscopy in a Medical Tourist: A Diagnosis of <i>Hymenolepis nana</i> Infection.","authors":"Bosung Park, Hye Won Park, Hyun Jung Park, Eun Jeong Won, Heungsup Sung, Mi-Na Kim","doi":"10.3343/alm.2024.0167","DOIUrl":"10.3343/alm.2024.0167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8421,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"608-610"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141733451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Blood Collection Tubes on Vitamin D Immunoassay Results.","authors":"Hyojin Chae, Sangyoon Lee, Ae-Ran Choi, Sung-Eun Cho, Eun-Jee Oh","doi":"10.3343/alm.2024.0234","DOIUrl":"10.3343/alm.2024.0234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8421,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Laboratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"611-613"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11375199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}