{"title":"Atomically dispersed single-atom catalysts (SACs) and enzymes (SAzymes): synthesis and application in Alzheimer's disease detection","authors":"Himanshi Goel, Ishika Rana, Kajal Jain, Kumar Rakesh Ranjan, Vivek Mishra","doi":"10.1039/d4tb01293c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb01293c","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss. Conventional diagnostic methods, such as neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, typically detect AD at advanced stages, limiting the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Early detection is crucial for improving patient condition by enabling timely administration of treatments that may decelerate disease progression. In this context, single-atom catalysts (SACs) and single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) have emerged as promising tools offering highly sensitive and selective detection of Alzheimer's biomarkers. SACs, consisting of isolated metal atoms on a support surface, deliver unparalleled atomic efficiency, increased reactivity, and reduced operational costs, although certain challenges in terms of stability, aggregation, and other factors persist. The advent of SAzymes, which integrate SACs with natural metalloprotease catalysts, has further advanced this field by enabling controlled electronic exchange, synergistic productivity, and enhanced biosafety. Particularly, M–N–C SACs with M–N<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small> active sites mimic the selectivity and sensitivity of natural metalloenzymes, providing a robust platform for early detection of AD. This review encompasses the advancements in SACs and SAzymes, highlighting their pivotal role in bridging the gap between conventional enzymes and nanozyme and offering enhanced catalytic efficiency, controlled electron transfer, and improved biosafety for Alzheimer's detection.","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.331,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface modification of medical grade biomaterials by using a low-temperature-processed dual functional Ag–TiO2 coating for preventing biofilm formation","authors":"Lipi Pradhan, Sobhan Hazra, Satya Veer Singh, Bajrang, Anjali Upadhyay, Bhola Nath Pal, Sudip Mukherjee","doi":"10.1039/d4tb00701h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb00701h","url":null,"abstract":"Biofilm development in medical devices is considered the major virulence component that leads to increased mortality and morbidity among patients. Removing a biofilm once formed is challenging and frequently results in persistent infections. Many current antibiofilm coating strategies involve harsh conditions causing damage to the surface of the medical devices. To address the issue of bacterial attachment in medical devices, we propose a novel antibacterial surface modification approach. In this paper, we developed a novel low-temperature based solution-processed approach to deposit silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) inside a titanium oxide (TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>) matrix to obtain a Ag–TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small> nanoparticle coating. The low temperature (120 °C)-based UV annealed drop cast method is novel and ensures no surface damage to the medical devices. Various medical-grade biomaterials were then coated using Ag–TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small> to modify the surface of the materials. Several studies were performed to observe the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of Ag–TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>-coated medical devices and biomaterials. Moreover, the Ag–TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small> NPs did not show any skin irritation in rats and showed biocompatibility in the chicken egg model. This study indicates that Ag–TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small> coating has promising potential for healthcare applications to combat microbial infection and biofilm formation.","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.331,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peilin Wu, Jianying Yang, Yunze Tai, Xun He, Limei Zhang, Jiwen Fan, Yongchao Yao, Binwu Ying, Wenchuang (Walter) Hu, Fengming Luo, Xuping Sun and Yi Li
{"title":"Ni@TiO2 nanoribbon array electrode for high-efficiency non-enzymatic glucose biosensing†","authors":"Peilin Wu, Jianying Yang, Yunze Tai, Xun He, Limei Zhang, Jiwen Fan, Yongchao Yao, Binwu Ying, Wenchuang (Walter) Hu, Fengming Luo, Xuping Sun and Yi Li","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01721H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01721H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The exploration of noble metal-free nanoarrays as high-activity catalytic electrodes for glucose biosensing holds great significance. Herein, we propose a Ni nanoparticle-decorated TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small> nanoribbon array on a titanium plate (Ni@TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>/TP) as an effective non-enzymatic glucose biosensing electrode. The as-prepared Ni@TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>/TP electrode demonstrates rapid glucose response, a wide linear response range (1 μM to 1 mM), a low detection limit (0.08 μM, S/N = 3), and high sensitivity (10 060 and 3940 μA mM<small><sup>−1</sup></small> cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small>), with good mechanical flexibility and stability. Moreover, it proves efficient in glucose biosensing in real human blood serum and cell culture fluid. Thus, it is highly promising for practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142157062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jialong Yi, Ming Li, Jixiang Zhu, ZuHang Wang, Xiaoyan Li
{"title":"Recent development and applications of electrodeposition biocoatings on medical titanium for bone repair","authors":"Jialong Yi, Ming Li, Jixiang Zhu, ZuHang Wang, Xiaoyan Li","doi":"10.1039/d4tb01081g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb01081g","url":null,"abstract":"Bioactive coatings play a crucial role in enhancing the osseointegration of titanium implants for bone repair. Electrodeposition offers a versatile and efficient technique to deposit uniform coatings onto titanium surfaces, endowing implants with antibacterial properties, controlled drug release, enhanced osteoblast adhesion, and even smart responsiveness. This review summarizes the recent advancements in bioactive coatings for titanium implants used in bone repair, focusing on various electrodeposition strategies based on material-structure synergy. Firstly, it outlines different titanium implant materials and bioactive coating materials suitable for bone repair. Then, it introduces various electrodeposition methods, including electrophoretic deposition, anodization, micro-arc oxidation, electrochemical etching, electrochemical polymerization, and electrochemical deposition, discussing their applications in antibacterial, osteogenic, drug delivery, and smart responsiveness. Finally, it discusses the challenges encountered in the electrodeposition of coatings for titanium implants in bone repair and potential solutions.","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.331,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Durga Nandini Athmuri, Jayanta Bhattacharyya, Naresh Bhatnagar, Parvaiz Ahmad Shiekh
{"title":"Alleviating hypoxia and oxidative stress for treatment of cardiovascular diseases: a biomaterials perspective","authors":"Durga Nandini Athmuri, Jayanta Bhattacharyya, Naresh Bhatnagar, Parvaiz Ahmad Shiekh","doi":"10.1039/d4tb01126k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb01126k","url":null,"abstract":"A state of hypoxia (lack of oxygen) persists in the initial and later phases of healing in cardiovascular diseases, which can alter the tissue's repair or regeneration, ultimately affecting the structure and functionality of the related organ. Consequently, this results in a cascade of events, leading to metabolic stress and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy. This unwanted situation not only limits the oxygen supply to the needy tissues but also creates an inflammatory state, limiting the exchange of nutrients and other supplements. Consequently, biomaterials have gained considerable attention to alleviate hypoxia and oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. Numerous oxygen releasing and antioxidant biomaterials have been developed and proven to alleviate hypoxia and oxidative stress. This review article summarizes the mechanisms involved in cardiovascular pathologies due to hypoxia and oxidative stress, as well as the treatment modalities currently in practice. The applications, benefits and possible shortcomings of these approaches have been discussed. Additionally, the review explores the role of novel biomaterials in combating the limitations of existing approaches, primarily focusing on the development of oxygen-releasing and antioxidant biomaterials for cardiac repair and regeneration. It also directs attention to various other potential applications with critical insights for further advancement in this area.","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.331,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D printing/electrospinning of a bilayered composite patch with antibacterial and antiadhesive properties for repairing abdominal wall defects","authors":"Qingxi Hu, Yu Zhang, Yongteng Song, Hekai Shi, Dongchao Yang, Haiguang Zhang, Yan Gu","doi":"10.1039/d4tb01543f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb01543f","url":null,"abstract":"The application of patch methods for repairing abdominal wall wounds presents a variety of challenges, such as adhesion and limited mobility due to inadequate mechanical strength and nonabsorbable materials. Among these complications, postoperative visceral adhesion and wound infection are particularly serious. In this study, a bilayered composite patch with a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)/sodium alginate (SA)-vancomycin (Van)@polycaprolactone (PCL) (GelMA/SA-Van@PCL) antibacterial layer was prepared <em>via</em> coaxial 3D printing and a polycaprolactone (PCL)-silicon dioxide (SiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>) antiadhesive layer (PCL-SiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>) was prepared <em>via</em> electrospinning and electrostatic spray for hernia repair. The evaluation of the physicochemical properties revealed that the composite patch had outstanding tensile properties (16 N cm<small><sup>−1</sup></small>), excellent swelling (swelling rate of 243.81 ± 12.52%) and degradation (degradation rate of 53.14 ± 3.02%) properties. Furthermore, the composite patch containing the antibiotic Van exhibited good antibacterial and long-term drug release properties. Both <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> experiments indicated that the composite patch displayed outstanding biocompatibility and antiadhesive properties and could prevent postoperative infections. In summary, the bilayered composite patch can effectively prevent postoperative complications while promoting tissue growth and repair and holds significant application potential in hernia repair.","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.331,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenhai Tang, Wenning Lan, Kaiying Wen, Wenting Li, Tao Wang, Dongdong Zhou, Hao Su
{"title":"Spontaneous assembly of a class of small molecule prodrugs directed by SN38","authors":"Zhenhai Tang, Wenning Lan, Kaiying Wen, Wenting Li, Tao Wang, Dongdong Zhou, Hao Su","doi":"10.1039/d4tb01429d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb01429d","url":null,"abstract":"Small molecule self-assembling prodrugs (SAPDs) are an emerging class of amphiphilic monomers that can aggregate into supramolecular nanostructures with high drug loading identical to that of the individual prodrug. Despite great progress in creating nanodrugs <em>via</em> nanoprecipitation, the direct self-assembly of small molecule SAPDs in aqueous solution remains challenging, as the proper hydrophilic–hydrophobic balance and intermolecular interactions have to be rationally considered. We report a class of small molecule SAPDs by conjugating the anticancer drug SN38 as the structure-directing component with various hydrophilic auxiliaries (<em>i.e.</em>, oligo ethylene glycol (OEG) of different lengths, amino, and carboxyl groups) <em>via</em> a self-immolative disulfanyl-ethyl carbonate linker. Driven by π–π interactions between SN38 units, these SAPDs spontaneously assembled into well-defined fibrous nanostructures. Variations in hydrophilic domains can robustly regulate the hydrophobicity of SAPDs, as well as the morphologies and surface features of supramolecular filaments, subsequently influencing cellular internalization behaviors. Furthermore, our study also reveals that the parent drug can be efficiently and controllably released in the presence of glutathione (GSH), exhibiting high <em>in vitro</em> toxicity against colorectal cancer cells. In this work, we present a delicate platform to design small molecule SAPDs that can spontaneously self-assemble into supramolecular filamentous assemblies directed by aromatic interaction of the parent drugs, providing a new strategy to optimize supramolecular drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.331,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revolutionizing the capture efficiency of ultrasensitive digital ELISA via an antibody oriented-immobilization strategy","authors":"Yutong Zhang, Xiaojun Kuang, Jingwei Yi, Tong Sun, Qingsheng Guo, Hongchen Gu, Hong Xu","doi":"10.1039/d4tb01141d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb01141d","url":null,"abstract":"Bead-based digital ELISA, the most sensitive protein quantification method, has drawn much attention to exploring ultra-low abundance biomarkers in the life sciences and clinical applications. However, its major challenge refers to the low antigen capture efficiency in the immunoreaction process due to the low probability of collision between the deficient concentration of the analytes and the captured antibody-immobilized on the beads. Here, we achieved significantly improved reaction efficiency in the digital signal formation by fixing the orientation of antibodies and revealed the kinetic mechanism for the first time. A facile and fast antibody conjugation strategy that formed boronate ester complexes was designed to retain the uniform orientation of antibodies with controllable antibody density. Remarkably, the oriented immobilized antibody exhibited stronger antigen-binding capacity and faster antigen-binding speed compared to randomly immobilized antibodies, with capture efficiency increasing approximately 14-fold at 15 μg of antibody per 1 mg microbeads (0.035 antibody nm<small><sup>−2</sup></small>) under 0.5 h incubation. Combined with theoretical analysis, we verified that the improved capture efficiency of the oriented antibodies mainly originated from the considerable rise in the binding rate constant (<em>k</em><small><sub>on</sub></small>) rather than the increase in antigen-binding sites, which further prominently decreased the limit of detection (LoD) in a shorter incubation time compared with the randomly immobilized antibody. In conclusion, the antibody oriented conjugation method effectively overcomes the low capture efficiency challenge of bead-based digital ELISA. It paves a promising way for further improving the digital immunoassay performance and promotes the early diagnosis of diseases by recognizing more ultra-low abundance significant biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.331,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Ebrahim Astaneh, Alireza Hashemzadeh, Narges Fereydouni
{"title":"Recent advances in sodium alginate-based dressings for targeted drug delivery in the context of diabetic wound healing","authors":"Mohammad Ebrahim Astaneh, Alireza Hashemzadeh, Narges Fereydouni","doi":"10.1039/d4tb01049c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tb01049c","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic wounds pose a significant challenge in healthcare due to impaired healing and increased risk of complications. In recent years, various drug delivery systems with stimuli-responsive features have been developed to address these issues. These systems enable precise dosage control and tailored drug release, promoting comprehensive tissue repair and regeneration. This review explores targeted therapeutic agents, such as carboxymethyl chitosan–alginate hydrogel formulations, nanofiber mats, and core–shell nanostructures, for diabetic wound healing. Additionally, the integration of nanotechnology and multifunctional biomimetic scaffolds shows promise in enhancing wound healing outcomes. Future research should focus on optimizing the design, materials, and printing parameters of 3D-bio-printed wound dressings, as well as exploring combined strategies involving the simultaneous release of antibiotics and nitric oxide for improved wound healing.","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.331,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An intelligent NIR-IIb-responsive lanthanide@metal–organic framework core–shell nanocatalyst for combined deep-tumor therapy†","authors":"Chaoqun Jiang, Yu Chen, Xiaolong Li and Youbin Li","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01321B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01321B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The ground-breaking combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted much attention in medical fields as an effective method for fighting cancer. However, evidence suggests that the therapy efficiency is still limited by shallow light penetration depth and poor photosensitizer loading capacity. Herein, we constructed an upconversion nanoparticle@Zr-based metal–organic framework@indocyanine green molecule (UCNPs@ZrMOF@ICG) nanocomposite to integrate 1532 nm light-triggered PDT and 808 nm light-mediated PTT. NaLnF<small><sub>4</sub></small> nanoparticles are designed to emit upconversion luminescence (UCL) under 1532 nm laser excitation, which is consistent with the absorption spectra of the ZrMOF. Benefiting from the excellent energy transfer efficiency, the ZrMOF can absorb visible light from the UCNPs and then catalyze O<small><sub>2</sub></small> into <small><sup>1</sup></small>O<small><sub>2</sub></small> for deep tissue PDT. To achieve combination therapy, the clinically approved ICG nanocomposite was introduced as a photothermal agent for PTT under 808 nm laser irradiation, and the photothermal conversion efficiency was calculated to be ∼28%. The designed nanosystems facilitate efficient deep-tissue tumor treatment by integrating PDT with PTT. Ultimately, this study creates a multifunctional nanocomposite by combining 1532 nm light-triggered deep tissue PDT and near-infrared (NIR) light-driven PTT for personalized cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}