Archives of Women's Mental Health最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive household labor: gender disparities and consequences for maternal mental health and wellbeing.","authors":"Elizabeth Aviv, Yael Waizman, Elizabeth Kim, Jasmine Liu, Eve Rodsky, Darby Saxbe","doi":"10.1007/s00737-024-01490-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01490-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although the division of unpaid household labor has been studied as a driver of global gender inequity, the cognitive dimension of household labor-planning, anticipating, and delegating household tasks-has received less empirical investigation. Cognitive household labor represents a form of invisible and often unacknowledged domestic work that has been challenging to measure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within 322 mothers of young children, we assessed the division of both cognitive (\"planning\") and physical (\"execution\") household labor within 30 common household tasks using a self-report measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that while mothers did more of the overall domestic labor than their partners, the division of cognitive labor was particularly gendered, such that women's share of cognitive labor was more disproportionate than physical household labor. We found that cognitive labor was associated with women's depression, stress, burnout, overall mental health, and relationship functioning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study is one of the first to investigate cognitive labor quantitatively, and the first to investigate cognitive and physical dimensions within the same household tasks. Understanding how cognitive labor affects mothers' mental wellbeing has important implications for both practice and policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8369,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Women's Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141475790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increases in benzodiazepine prescribing for postpartum anxiety during COVID-19.","authors":"Grace Bagwell Adams, Shelby Steuart, Emily C Lawler, Hailemichael Shone, Amanda J Abraham","doi":"10.1007/s00737-024-01488-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01488-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Postpartum mood disorders affect many women following childbirth. Prescribing medication for depression and anxiety is one strategy for the effective treatment of postpartum mood disorders. Left untreated, mothers experiencing these disorders and their infants face increased risks of adverse health outcomes. Little is known about how diagnosis and treatment of postpartum mood disorders changed during COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a retrospective pooled cross-sectional design in a sample of privately-insured postpartum women in U.S. claims data from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020. We measured changes in diagnoses of anxiety and depression and changes in prescription fills and days supplied of classes of medications used to treat these conditions (antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and z-drugs). We used ordinary least squares (OLS) regression for each outcome variable during the pre-pandemic period and forecast expected outcomes the observation period. Forecasted and actual values of the outcomes were then compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, diagnoses of depression and anxiety were not significantly higher among privately insured postpartum women in the United States. The proportion of privately-insured postpartum women filling a benzodiazepine prescription increased by 15.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We find diagnosis of postpartum mood disorders did not increase after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, however, fills of benzodiazepines increased among privately-insured postpartum women. Given prior evidence of increased depressive and anxiety symptoms among postpartum women during COVID-19, this suggests increased barriers to appropriate diagnoses and treatment for depression during this period.</p>","PeriodicalId":8369,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Women's Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141465836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Denial of reproductive potential: a predictor of unperceived pregnancy in an Austrian neonaticide sample.","authors":"Claudia M Klier, Bozic Ina, Yvonne Kuipers, Sabine Amon","doi":"10.1007/s00737-024-01481-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01481-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to describe the phenomenon of unperceived pregnancy followed by neonaticide with a focus on the lack of awareness of reproductive potential in an Austrian sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An explorative comparative study of neonaticide cases with single and repeat perpetrators was conducted using nationwide register-based data from 1995 to 2017. A total number of 55 cases out of 66 were included in the analysis. A standardized coding sheet was used and calculations were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>48 women gave birth to 101 children, of which 55 were killed, 23 children lived out of home care and 23 lived with the perpetrator We found a higher fertility rate in both neonaticide perpetrators in the single (1,9) and the repeat group (4,25) in comparison to the general population (1,4). The use of contraception was only 31% among neonaticide perpetrators, deviating substantially from the general Austrian population age group (16-29yrs) which used contraception in 91%. The neonaticide perpetrators used an effective contraception method (pearl-index < 4) in only 2%, whereas 20% of the general population did so. The number of unperceived pregnancies was high in both groups (50/55) 91%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Future case reports and forensic evaluations should take reproductive behavior into account, as it may offer valuable insights into the events leading up to neonaticide. Our findings suggest that denial of reproductive potential often precedes unperceived pregnancies. In the Austrian cohort, women who experienced unperceived pregnancies resulting in unassisted births and subsequent neonaticide showed a low prevalence of contraceptive use. This is particularly noteworthy given that the primary motive for neonaticide is unwanted pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8369,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Women's Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141417514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Child developmental outcomes associated with postpartum depression and anxiety in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review.","authors":"Harikrupa Sridhar, M Thomas Kishore, Prabha S Chandra","doi":"10.1007/s00737-024-01485-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01485-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This systematic review aims to summarize the findings of empirical studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) examining the relationship between postpartum depression and anxiety, and child developmental outcomes measured at 24 months of child's age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was performed as per PRISMA guidelines for a systematic review. EBESCO, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and BMJ databases were examined, along with a forward and backward examination of the citations published. The New Ottawa scales (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the studies. The findings of the studies were integrated using a narrative synthesis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The systematic review revealed that there are 14 studies examining the impact of postpartum depression (n=14) and postpartum anxiety (n=2) across different domains of child development in LMICs. Studies varied regarding the severity and duration of maternal depression, the context and nature of evaluation, and motherinfant characteristics which are important to understand the association between postpartum depression and anxiety and infant development. Maternal depression is negatively associated with language development, socio-emotional and behavioural development while its association with motor and cognitive development is inconsistent. The impact of maternal anxiety on infant development was examined in two studies, and both have identified a negative association. However, the results of the current review need to be interpreted within the scope and limitations of the methodologies adopted by each study details of which are elaborated in the manuscript.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Postpartum depression and anxiety can have a wide range of effects on child development. Therefore, periodic infant developmental assessments should become part of routine psychiatric evaluation. There is a need for uniform guidelines for conducting studies and reporting data related to postpartum mental health and child development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8369,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Women's Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141417513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partner's problematic social media use, woman's time perspective, and prenatal depression.","authors":"Małgorzata Sobol, Agata Błachnio, Inna Hryhorchuk, Elzbieta Plucinska, Janusz Stasiniewicz, Aneta Przepiórka","doi":"10.1007/s00737-024-01482-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01482-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Using social media can have negative consequences. The present study aimed to examine how the partner's problematic social media use (SMU) was related to the pregnant woman's time perspective and prenatal depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 30 pregnant women and their 30 male partners. Research was conducted twice: in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Women completed online measures: the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory Fatalism scale (ZTPI-Fat), the Dark Future Scale (DFS), and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Men completed the online Social Media Addiction Questionnaire (SMAQ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The woman's depressive symptoms were positively associated with fatalism (r = .35, p < .01 in the first trimester; r = .49, p < .01 in the third trimester) and future negative perspective (r = .33, p < .05 in the first trimester; r = .77, p < .001 in the third trimester). Moreover, in the third trimester, women's depressive symptoms correlated positively with their partners' problematic SMU (r = .36, p < .05) and negatively with their financial situation (r = - .37, p < .05). The results of the mediation analyses showed that the more intensive the partner's problematic SMU, the stronger the pregnant woman's fatalism and, consequently, the stronger her future negative perspective, resulting in more severe prenatal depressive symptoms in the third trimester (indirect effect: β = .16, SE = .09, 95% CI [.021, .393]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings show how important the behavior of the partner is for the mental health of the pregnant woman. The results suggest a possible mechanism explaining the relationship between the partner's problematic SMU and the woman's prenatal depressive symptoms. This mechanism probably consists in increasing the woman's sense of helplessness and loss of control over life, which leads to intensified future anxiety and, consequently, to depressive symptoms. Moreover, we interpreted the results to mean that the partner's time-consuming preoccupation with SMU may make the woman feel emotionally neglected. The lack of support from the partner may give rise to feelings of powerlessness, and may cause depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8369,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Women's Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141327175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estrogen and alcohol use in women: a targeted literature review.","authors":"Ariel B Handy, Shelly F Greenfield, Laura A Payne","doi":"10.1007/s00737-024-01483-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01483-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Alcohol is posited to affect sex steroid hormone concentrations, and a growing body of research has demonstrated menstrual cycle effects on women's use of alcohol. The present targeted review synthesizes the literature examining the relationship between alcohol use and estradiol in women and suggests directions for future research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles were identified using the PubMed database using the following criteria: published in English, presented original findings for women, were peerreviewed, and included measures of estradiol levels in the analyses. Twenty-nine articles were identified for inclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from this review indicate acute alcohol use temporarily increases estradiol levels in women, and this may be strongest when gonadotropins are high. Regular alcohol use (≥1 drink per day) increases estradiol levels, but estradiol appears to be suppressed in women with alcohol use disorders and physiologic dependence. Alcohol use tends to be highest in women during ovulation, when estradiol is high, and progesterone is low.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alcohol use increases estradiol levels in women, particularly in the presence of gonadotropins. More research is needed to assess the effect of estradiol on alcohol use in women. Research on the relationship of estrogen and alcohol use in women is needed to elucidate health outcomes through the lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":8369,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Women's Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141327174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intergenerational transmission of maternal prenatal anxiety to infant fearfulness: the mediating role of mother-infant bonding.","authors":"Sofie Rousseau, Danielle Katz, Avital Schussheim, Tahl I Frenkel","doi":"10.1007/s00737-024-01475-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01475-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study is the first to directly investigate the mechanistic role of maternal bonding toward her infant in the early intergenerational pathway of risk from maternal anxiety to infant fearfulness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mothers (N = 216; M_age=32.78) reported on their anxiety and bonding at four time-points between pregnancy and ten-months postpartum. At four and ten-months postpartum, infant temperamental precursors of anxiety were assessed through maternal report and observation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cross-lagged longitudinal path modeling indicated a significant link between prenatal maternal anxiety and infant temperamental fearful withdrawal at 10-months postpartum (R² = 0.117), which was fully explained by decreased maternal bonding at one-month postpartum and increased infant temperamental negative reactivity at 4-months postpartum.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results support the need to foster maternal bonding in preventive perinatal care, particularly in the context of maternal anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":8369,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Women's Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141299898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are virtual services equivalent for mood, anxiety, and bonding? examining a perinatal intensive outpatient program.","authors":"Kathryn E Cherry, Jenna D Li, Rebecca J Brent","doi":"10.1007/s00737-024-01480-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01480-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Perinatal Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOPs) address severe perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) and mother-infant relationship concerns. Given the impact of PMADs on mothers and infants, rapid transitions to virtual services (telehealth) amid COVID-19, and service expansions to populations in need, it is critical to evaluate how effectively virtual and in-person perinatal IOP services treat PMADs and mother-infant bonding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quality-improvement record review examined patient records (n = 361) for a perinatal IOP from May 2016 to July 2023, amid multiple transitions between in-person and virtual services related to COVID-19, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus. Patients in the completed measures sample (n = 115) completed depression (EPDS), anxiety (GAD-7, PASS), and mother-infant bonding (PBQ) measures over the first 3 weeks of treatment. Patients also anonymously provided program satisfaction ratings and qualitative feedback.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While anxiety and depression symptoms improved similarly across service settings, mother-baby bonding only significantly improved with in-person treatment. Patient symptom outcomes also differed by public/private insurance, race, and number of children. Patients reported high service ratings and overall satisfaction, and available feedback indicates some preference for in-person services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As perinatal mental health services and IOPs continue to expand, virtual services can similarly address anxiety and depression symptoms and help to reach in-need populations. However, for perinatal IOPs, the core treatment target of mother-infant bonding may be uniquely addressed via in-person services.</p>","PeriodicalId":8369,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Women's Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141295430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A history of depression and prenatal depression are associated with a lower likelihood of breastfeeding initiation and maintenance, and more breastfeeding problems.","authors":"Elizabeth C Braithwaite, Aurora Oftedal, Anne Kaasen, Ziada Ayorech, Mona Bekkhus","doi":"10.1007/s00737-024-01479-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-024-01479-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study tests the hypotheses that lifetime history of depression, and prenatal depression, are associated with a reduced likelihood of breastfeeding initiation (giving the baby any breastmilk during the first week of life) and breastfeeding maintenance (giving the baby breastmilk for at least 6 months), and a greater likelihood of reporting breastfeeding problems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child cohort study (MoBa), N = 78,307. Mothers reported a lifetime history of depression during the second trimester of pregnancy, and current symptoms of depression during the third trimester using the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist short version (SCL-8). At six months postpartum, mothers self-reported breastfeeding initiation, maintenance, and difficulties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using binary logistic regression analyses, we report that a lifetime history of depression is associated with a lower likelihood of breastfeeding initiation (OR = 0.751, 95%CI = 0.650-0.938), breastfeeding maintenance (OR = 0.712, 95%CI = 0.669-0.785), and a greater likelihood of breastfeeding difficulties (OR = 1.86, 95%CI = 1.72-2.06). Similarly, prenatal depression was associated with a lower likelihood of breastfeeding initiation (OR = 0.904, 95%CI = 0.878-0.929), breastfeeding maintenance (OR = 0.929, 95%CI = 0.920-0.938), and a greater likelihood of breastfeeding difficulties (OR = 1.10, 95%CI = 1.09-1.12). Results remained largely unchanged when covaried for several confounding variables, including medication use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We provide novel evidence that pre-conception and prenatal symptoms of depression are associated with breastfeeding outcomes. This information could be used to identify women very early in pregnancy who may need additional support with breastfeeding. There is also a need to fully understand the biopsychosocial mechanisms that mediate the relationship between depression prior to birth and breastfeeding outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8369,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Women's Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in patient-reported outcome measure of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia","authors":"Regina Vila-Badia,&nbsp;Susana Ochoa,&nbsp;Julia Fábrega-Ruz,&nbsp;Juan Luis Gonzalez-Caballero,&nbsp;Cristina Romero,&nbsp;Jordi Cid,&nbsp;Eva Frigola-Capell,&nbsp;Luis Salvador-Carulla,&nbsp;Berta Moreno-Küstner","doi":"10.1007/s00737-024-01472-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00737-024-01472-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>to study sex differences in self-reported symptoms measured with the Scale of Patient-Reported Impact of Symptoms in Schizophrenia (PRISS), to investigated sex differences in the degree of agreements between self-reported symptoms and clinical symptoms assessed by professionals, and to identify which clinical and sociodemographic variables predicted a greater presence of self-reported symptoms split by sex.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>161 patients (37 females; 124 males), aged between 18 and 65 years, with a diagnosis of schizophrenia assisted in non-acute mental health services at four mental health catchment areas in Andalucia and Catalonia were included. The PRISS scale was administered to asses self-reported symptoms.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>males reported higher presence of excitement, grandiosity, motor retardation and poor attention) than women. There was less agreement in the presence of psychotic symptoms in men than in women when comparing self-reported symptoms and clinical symptoms assessed by professionals. Finally, in men the predictors variables for the greater presence of self-perceived symptoms were greater psychotic symptomatology and more disability, while in women were greater presence of alogia and higher doses of chlorpromazine.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Assessing and being aware of the self-perceived symptoms of patients with schizophrenia should be considered in the clinic, especially in men, as there appears to be a lack of agreement on certain items. This would allow treatments to be more focused on patients’ need by sex, and would make them feel part of the therapeutic process, improving their therapeutic adherence, evolution and quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8369,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Women's Mental Health","volume":"27 5","pages":"721 - 729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}