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Annual review of plant biology最新文献

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Long-Range Signals Built upon Plant Structural Continuity. 基于植物结构连续性的远程信号。
IF 26.4 1区 生物学
Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070225-024248
Hiraku Suda, Takuma Hagihara, Satoshi Ogawa, Kazuo Ebine, Masayoshi Nakamura, Masatsugu Toyota
{"title":"Long-Range Signals Built upon Plant Structural Continuity.","authors":"Hiraku Suda, Takuma Hagihara, Satoshi Ogawa, Kazuo Ebine, Masayoshi Nakamura, Masatsugu Toyota","doi":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-070225-024248","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-070225-024248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants generate long-range signals via complex mechanisms that integrate electrical, calcium, and chemical signals. While animals employ synaptic/neural connections for cell-cell and organ-organ signal transduction, plants depend on specialized structures, such as plasmodesmata and vascular bundles. This review examines recent advances in elucidating these plant-specific long-range signal mechanisms, emphasizing the initiation, propagation, and integration of diverse signals throughout the plant body. We highlight how the combination of traditional electrical potential measurements and modern bioimaging techniques, particularly genetically encoded fluorescent indicators, has improved our understanding of long-range signals in various plant species, including <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, <i>Mimosa pudica</i>, and <i>Dionaea muscipula</i>. These technological advancements have enabled the development of integrated models that encompass biological components (e.g., ion channel activities), chemical mechanisms (e.g., compound diffusion), and physical processes (e.g., hydraulic signals). This integration offers new insights into how plants coordinate systemic responses across spatially distant organs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8335,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant biology","volume":"77 1","pages":"503-527"},"PeriodicalIF":26.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147980301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
NAD Modification at the Battlefront in Plant-Pathogen Interactions. NAD修饰在植物与病原体相互作用的前线。
IF 26.4 1区 生物学
Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-083123-043500
He Zhao, Lena S Knorr, Attilio Pascucci, Wenbo Ma, Michelle T Hulin
{"title":"NAD Modification at the Battlefront in Plant-Pathogen Interactions.","authors":"He Zhao, Lena S Knorr, Attilio Pascucci, Wenbo Ma, Michelle T Hulin","doi":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-083123-043500","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-083123-043500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential coenzyme in cellular metabolism with a long-established role in energy production, biosynthesis, and oxidative stress responses. Recent research demonstrates that NAD hydrolysis is a key step in immune signaling, beyond its primary metabolic functions. Here, we review how NAD and NAD-derived small molecules influence defense-related processes including reactive oxygen species production, calcium dynamics, and immune activation. We introduce diverse NAD-modifying enzymes in plants and discuss how they regulate immunity, with a special emphasis on Toll/interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain proteins, which hydrolyze NAD+ to produce immune-activating molecules. We also discuss how pathogens use NAD-modifying enzymes as virulence factors to manipulate host defenses, highlighting NAD metabolism as a newly emerged, critical battleground in the plant-pathogen arms race. Recent developments in this aspect of pathogenesis offer new opportunities to enhance disease resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8335,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant biology","volume":" ","pages":"677-705"},"PeriodicalIF":26.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147343471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA): Metabolite, Messenger, and Mediator of Stress Adaptation. γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）：应激适应的代谢物、信使和中介。
IF 26.4 1区 生物学
Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-062425-092239
Bo Xu, A Harvey Millar, Matthew Gilliham
{"title":"γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA): Metabolite, Messenger, and Mediator of Stress Adaptation.","authors":"Bo Xu, A Harvey Millar, Matthew Gilliham","doi":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-062425-092239","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-062425-092239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a nonproteinogenic amino acid first identified in biological systems over 70 years ago, has long been recognized as a metabolic intermediate. More recently, GABA has also been acknowledged as a signaling molecule that couples physiological responses to metabolic status. This review presents a conceptual framework for how metabolism sets GABA concentration and localization, which then modulate ion transport and membrane potential dynamics to influence plant growth, development, and adaptation to stress. We explore the emerging network of GABA's interactions with other signaling pathways, highlighting its involvement in environmental sensing and internal regulatory mechanisms via hormones and reactive oxygen species. These interactions influence key physiological processes including stomatal regulation, pathogen and herbivore defense, root growth, and even the modulation of flavor. Collectively, these findings position GABA as a metabolic signal integrator of plant physiological status and responses, with broad implications for enhancing crop stress resilience and food quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":8335,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant biology","volume":" ","pages":"25-52"},"PeriodicalIF":26.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146212115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extracellular Vesicles and Extracellular RNAs in Plant-Microbe Interactions. 植物与微生物相互作用中的细胞外囊泡和细胞外rna。
IF 26.4 1区 生物学
Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-063025-110704
Benjamin L Koch, Meenu Singla-Rastogi, Roger W Innes
{"title":"Extracellular Vesicles and Extracellular RNAs in Plant-Microbe Interactions.","authors":"Benjamin L Koch, Meenu Singla-Rastogi, Roger W Innes","doi":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-063025-110704","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-063025-110704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants and microbes exchange macromolecules such as RNA and proteins. How this exchange is accomplished is poorly understood, but extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed as likely vehicles. Here, we review recent work on the biogenesis and functions of plant EVs and the current evidence in support of and against their role in cross-kingdom RNA interference. Plant EVs, like EVs from other kingdoms of life, are released in part by the fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane, a complex and conserved mechanism involving lipid-modifying proteins, the exocyst complex, and Rab GTPases. Though some plant EV subpopulations are involved in immunity, it appears unlikely that plant EVs contribute to cross-kingdom RNA interference. Recent work has shown that plants secrete extravesicular RNA, including small RNAs and long noncoding RNAs, into the leaf apoplast and onto leaf surfaces, while very little RNA is found inside of EVs. We propose that these free extracellular RNAs play a central role in maintaining a healthy leaf microbiome.</p>","PeriodicalId":8335,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant biology","volume":" ","pages":"225-255"},"PeriodicalIF":26.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146083959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pyrenoid Structure, Function, Evolution, and Characterization Across Diverse Lineages. 不同谱系的类Pyrenoid结构、功能、进化和特征。
IF 26.4 1区 生物学
Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070225-034846
James Barrett, Onyou Nam, Mihris I S Naduthodi, Luke C M Mackinder
{"title":"Pyrenoid Structure, Function, Evolution, and Characterization Across Diverse Lineages.","authors":"James Barrett, Onyou Nam, Mihris I S Naduthodi, Luke C M Mackinder","doi":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-070225-034846","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-070225-034846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pyrenoids are eukaryotic CO<sub>2</sub>-fixing organelles that are evolutionarily diverse, globally abundant, and critical to global carbon cycling. Despite being described over 200 years ago, the vast majority of our molecular understanding of pyrenoids has emerged only in the past decade. Here, we review the recent advances in characterizing pyrenoid structure, function, and evolutionary variation across lineages containing primary, secondary, and tertiary plastids of both red and green origins. We outline experimental frameworks that can be used to answer key questions about these enigmatic organelles. We discuss the utility of pyrenoids as model biomolecular condensates for investigating fundamental properties of liquid-liquid phase separation. Finally, we summarize how understanding convergently evolved pyrenoids across diverse lineages may be used to advance efforts to engineer functional pyrenoids into crop plants to enhance CO<sub>2</sub> fixation for yield improvements and carbon dioxide removal.</p>","PeriodicalId":8335,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant biology","volume":" ","pages":"81-115"},"PeriodicalIF":26.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145965056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Power of Symbiosis in Life and Science. 共生在生命和科学中的力量。
IF 26.4 1区 生物学
Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-093025-092435
Eva Kondorosi
{"title":"The Power of Symbiosis in Life and Science.","authors":"Eva Kondorosi","doi":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-093025-092435","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-093025-092435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article traces more than four decades of Eva Kondorosi's personal life and scientific journey in symbiotic nitrogen fixation, from early insights into nitrogenase structure to the molecular mechanisms governing root nodule development and symbiotic cell differentiation in the <i>Medicago-Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> symbiosis. Effective symbiosis depends on precise molecular communication between the partners, beginning in the soil and continuing through a highly coordinated, progressive differentiation program. A defining feature of symbiotic cell development is endoreduplication in both host plant cells and their <i>Rhizobium</i> partners. Host-induced bacterial endoreduplication results in the formation of large, polyploid, noncultivable nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. This terminal differentiation is orchestrated by plant-derived effector peptides, notably nodule-specific cysteine-rich (NCR) and nodulin glycine-rich (nodGRP) peptides, which act sequentially to reprogram bacterial physiology. Together, these findings establish symbiotic nitrogen fixation as a model for cross-kingdom cellular differentiation and highlight NCR and nodGRP peptides as a vast, largely unexplored resource with promising applications in agriculture and medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":8335,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant biology","volume":"77 1","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":26.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147980339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genomic and Molecular Bases of Pollination Syndrome Evolution. 传粉综合征进化的基因组和分子基础。
IF 26.4 1区 生物学
Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-072125-082325
Tianyu Cui, Yao-Wu Yuan
{"title":"Genomic and Molecular Bases of Pollination Syndrome Evolution.","authors":"Tianyu Cui, Yao-Wu Yuan","doi":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-072125-082325","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-072125-082325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transition from one pollination syndrome to another should be difficult as it requires coordinated changes of multiple component traits, with each involving multiple genes, yet these transitions occur frequently in nature. Here, we explore the genetic and genomic properties that facilitate such rapid pollination syndrome switches. We begin this review by recognizing the important role of relaxed pollinator specificity and delayed selfing in providing adaptive continuity during pollinator shifts. We then compare theoretical predictions with empirical studies on the genetic architecture and molecular basis underlying pollination syndrome divergence. We find that dominance, pleiotropy, tight genetic linkage, and standing genetic variation are important contributors and highlight the novel insights provided by detailed molecular characterizations. We conclude by suggesting where future efforts can help us bridge the genetic basis of individual trait divergence, the fitness effect of each variant, and the genome-wide recombination landscape into a coherent, predictive framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":8335,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant biology","volume":"77 1","pages":"479-502"},"PeriodicalIF":26.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147980276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Multidimensional View of Biomolecular Condensates in Plant Biology. 植物生物学中生物分子凝聚物的多维视角。
IF 26.4 1区 生物学
Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-070725-083459
Yansong Miao, Yanning Wang, Eden Vina Lamoste Grate, Xiaofeng Fang
{"title":"A Multidimensional View of Biomolecular Condensates in Plant Biology.","authors":"Yansong Miao, Yanning Wang, Eden Vina Lamoste Grate, Xiaofeng Fang","doi":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-070725-083459","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-070725-083459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biomolecular condensates have emerged as versatile regulators of plant cellular processes, offering a dynamic and reversible mechanism to coordinate development, stress response, and spatial organization. Through phase separation, these condensates spatially and temporally modulate biochemical reactions, sequester or activate specific proteins and RNAs, and reshape cellular architecture. This review presents a comprehensive and multidimensional framework for understanding biomolecular condensates in plant biology, from their biophysical properties and ensemble dynamics to their roles across diverse cellular compartments, including plasma membranes, cytoskeleton, intracellular compartments, and chromatin. We highlight their functions in growth, environmental sensing, and defense and discuss current challenges in studying their composition, material properties, and context-dependent behaviors. Understanding plant condensates not only deepens our knowledge of plant cell organization and adaptability but also opens new avenues for biotechnological innovation in agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8335,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant biology","volume":"77 1","pages":"197-223"},"PeriodicalIF":26.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147980328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural Insights into Plant Hormone-Sensing Mechanisms. 植物激素感知机制的结构洞察。
IF 26.4 1区 生物学
Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-060625-095356
Sun Hyun Chang, Malathy Palayam, Katherine A Hand, Nitzan Shabek
{"title":"Structural Insights into Plant Hormone-Sensing Mechanisms.","authors":"Sun Hyun Chang, Malathy Palayam, Katherine A Hand, Nitzan Shabek","doi":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-060625-095356","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-060625-095356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant hormones are essential small molecules that regulate plant growth, development, and systemic responses to environmental stimuli. These processes are mediated by complex signaling networks involving structurally diverse receptors, regulatory proteins, and dynamic protein-protein interactions. Advances in structural and functional biology over the past two decades have revealed how hormone receptors recognize their ligands and how they mediate responses from perception to signaling through transduction pathways and feedback regulation. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of plant hormone receptors with experimentally determined structures and highlight their central roles in shaping plant biology. Finally, we discuss outstanding questions in the field and how emerging computational tools may help address these gaps.</p>","PeriodicalId":8335,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant biology","volume":" ","pages":"319-350"},"PeriodicalIF":26.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Structure and Function of the Chloroplast Import Apparatus. 叶绿体输入装置的结构与功能。
IF 26.4 1区 生物学
Annual review of plant biology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-062325-090826
Zeyu Jin, Zhen Yan
{"title":"The Structure and Function of the Chloroplast Import Apparatus.","authors":"Zeyu Jin, Zhen Yan","doi":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-062325-090826","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-arplant-062325-090826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chloroplasts, the photosynthetic organelles of plants and algae, rely on the import of thousands of nuclear-encoded proteins to sustain their diverse physiological roles. This process is mediated by the coordinated action of the translocon at the outer chloroplast membrane (TOC), the translocon at the inner chloroplast membrane (TIC), and an ATP-driven import motor. However, research on these key machineries has long been intensely debated in the field. Recent advances in structural characterization have now resolved long-standing controversies regarding the composition and architecture of these complexes. This review summarizes the most recent structural, functional, and evolutionary insights into the chloroplast protein import apparatus, emphasizing the transformative role of high-resolution structural biology in redefining long-held paradigms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8335,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant biology","volume":"77 1","pages":"149-168"},"PeriodicalIF":26.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147980271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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