Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Self-medication practice among adults in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Suzan Awad AbdelGhany Morsy, Beisan Ali Mohammed, Heba K. AlShaeri, Farah Jamal Zurob, Lara Khaled Abdelrahman Shaikh, Nisrin Abdulaziz Abdullah Asiri","doi":"10.5114/amscd/173135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amscd/173135","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Self-medication (SM) is defined as drug utilization based on a patient’s self-diagnosis, without consultation of any healthcare members. Despite being common among most communities, it carries a risk of medication errors. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence, awareness, and practices related to SM, including risky practices among adults in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Material and methods A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted in Jeddah KSA. The sample size was 312 participants (as calculated by using the Epi-info CDC software calculator). They were recruited by volunteer sampling technique, through online propagation of a questionnaire, which was designed and assessed for validity and reliability. It was composed of 3 sections: demographics, assessment of awareness, and practices related to SM, including risky practices. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS-25. Results SM was practiced by 83% of the studied population. The prevalence of excellent, fair, and poor levels of awareness about SM were 12.4%, 45.6%, and 42%, respectively. Risky practices like using expired SMs, using SMs without checking expiry dates or without reading the instructions, using SMs during pregnancy or lactation, and continued use of SMs despite lack of improvement were identified among 5%, 12%, 39%, 11%, and 33% of participants, respectively. Conclusions An inappropriate level of awareness and a high prevalence of risky practices related to SM were identified among the studied sample of adults in KSA. It is critical to raise public awareness of SM to avoid SM-related health concerns.","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of acute myocardial infarction in patients with renal cell carcinoma: a propensity-matched analysis from the national inpatient sample","authors":"Suma Sri Chennapragada, Kamleshun Ramphul, Saloni Savani, Mehndi Dandwani, Gagandeep Singh Arora, Jasninder Singh Dhaliwal, Shruti Aggarwal, Renuka Verma, Sailaja Sanikommu, Alekhya Pagidipally, Fnu Arti, Vijay Kumar, Shaheen Sombans, Yogeshwaree Ramphul, Prince Kwabla Pekyi-Boateng, Mohammed Elmahal, Stephanie G Mejias, Balkiranjit Kaur Dhillon, Shivani Sharma, Petras Lohana","doi":"10.5114/amsad/172099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amsad/172099","url":null,"abstract":"1. Paterson DI, Wiebe N, Cheung WY, et al. Incident cardiovascular disease among adults with cancer: a population-based cohort study. JACC Cardiooncol 2022; 4: 85-94. Google Scholar","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136296044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of serum cytokines in a population sample of healthy subjects from Iran","authors":"Seyed Reza Mirhafez, Ahmadreza Zarifian, Ali Movahedi, Gordon A. Ferns, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan, Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.5114/amsad/171708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amsad/171708","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Cytokines are synthesized and released by immune system cells and mediate critical immune responses. Aging is associated with increased serum levels of some pro-inflammatory cytokines . A positive correlation between the concentration of several cytokines and blood pressure has been reported; higher cytokine concentrations may be related to the underlying causes of hypertension through the effects of inflammatory responses or as an independent etiology for hypertension .To assess the relationship between the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, with biochemical and anthropometric characteristics in healthy Iranian subjects. Material and methods Anthropometric measurements and blood sampling were performed in 103 healthy Iranian participants. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), hs-CRP and lipid profile were measured in these participants. 12 serum cytokines/growth factors (MCP-1, TNF-α, EGF, IFN-γ, VEGF, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were measured. Results FBG was positively associated with serum IL-2, IL-4 and IL-1α (P = 0.044, < 0.001 and = 0.017, respectively). Serum EGF and IL-4 were positively associated with age (P < 0.001). IL-8 was inversely associated with SBP (P = 0.002) and gender (P = 0.028). There was a positive association between VEGF and HDL (P = 0.007). The serum levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α were positively associated with serum TG (P = 0.018 and 0.006, respectively). Conclusions There are associations between various pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines in serum and several anthropometric measurements.","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The choice of conduits in coronary artery bypass surgery","authors":"Ioannis Panagiotopoulos, Vasileios Leivaditis, Assaf Sawafta, Anastasia Katinioti, Konstantinos Tasios, Vasiliki Garantzioti, Korina-Thomais Stathi, Andreas Antzoulas, Christos Pitros, Charalampos Kaplanis, Georgios-Ioannis Verras, Francesk Mulita","doi":"10.5114/amsad/170215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amsad/170215","url":null,"abstract":"Choosing appropriate bypass conduits is important in the consideration of long-term outcomes after surgical revascularization. When deciding on a grafting strategy, attention should be given to technical, anatomic, and angiographic determinants of conduit properties, as well as the clinical characteristics of the patient. The aim of the study was to present a current review of available choices of conduits in coronary artery bypass surgery. To date, only 4 conduits have proven to be effective: the saphenous vein (SVG), the internal mammary arteries (IMAs), the radial artery (RA), and the right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA). The IMA has unique biological properties that confer protection to intimal growth and atherosclerotic plaque formation, making it the conduit of choice for coronary artery bypass grafting. SVG exhibits a lower patency rate than those of IMAs. The RGEA allows revascularization of the inferior wall but is less commonly used, given that it is more prone to spasms.","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transit time flow measurement as a predictor of graft failure and major adverse cardiac events following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery","authors":"Hong Jun Yong, Mei Ann Lim, Kenneth Kok, Nadzir Juanda, Sofian Johar","doi":"10.5114/amscd.2023.131890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amscd.2023.131890","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Our aims were to characterize the differences in transit time flow measurement (TTFM) between failed and normal grafts, and to determine the association between TTFM and related clinical factors and the likelihood of graft failure and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) following coronary artery bypass grafting. Material and methods A retrospective observational analysis was performed on 279 patients admitted between 2017 and 2019, to compare the differences in TTFM between failed and normal grafts, and the association between TTFM and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) – specifically angina, myocardial infarction, and death. Results There were no differences in TTFM between failed and normal grafts. There was a greater number of failed grafts with pulsatility index (PI) > 5 compared to PI ≤ 5 (χ² = 4.021, p = 0.045). Multivariate analysis showed no significant association between TTFM and MACE. Increased risk of graft failure is associated with the female gender (p = 0.031), history of congestive heart failure (p = 0.025), and poor renal function (p = 0.034). Increased risk of MACE is associated with a history of coronary intervention (p = 0.041), left coronary dominance (p = 0.018), and renal function (p = 0.009). Conclusions Patency of graft is influenced by gender, congestive heart failure, and renal function, while MACE is influenced by history of coronary intervention and renal function.","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primitive reflexes beyond neonatal paediatrics: primitive reflexes and the visual system","authors":"Vicente Domingo-Sanz","doi":"10.5114/amscd.2023.131891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amscd.2023.131891","url":null,"abstract":"AMA Domingo-Sanz VA. Primitive reflexes beyond neonatal paediatrics: primitive reflexes and the visual system. Archives of Medical Science - Civilization Diseases. 2023;8(1):28-30. doi:10.5114/amscd.2023.131891. APA Domingo-Sanz, V. A. (2023). Primitive reflexes beyond neonatal paediatrics: primitive reflexes and the visual system. Archives of Medical Science - Civilization Diseases, 8(1), 28-30. https://doi.org/10.5114/amscd.2023.131891 Chicago Domingo-Sanz, Vicente A. 2023. \"Primitive reflexes beyond neonatal paediatrics: primitive reflexes and the visual system\". Archives of Medical Science - Civilization Diseases 8 (1): 28-30. doi:10.5114/amscd.2023.131891. Harvard Domingo-Sanz, V. (2023). Primitive reflexes beyond neonatal paediatrics: primitive reflexes and the visual system. Archives of Medical Science - Civilization Diseases, 8(1), pp.28-30. https://doi.org/10.5114/amscd.2023.131891 MLA Domingo-Sanz, Vicente. \"Primitive reflexes beyond neonatal paediatrics: primitive reflexes and the visual system.\" Archives of Medical Science - Civilization Diseases, vol. 8, no. 1, 2023, pp. 28-30. doi:10.5114/amscd.2023.131891. Vancouver Domingo-Sanz V. Primitive reflexes beyond neonatal paediatrics: primitive reflexes and the visual system. Archives of Medical Science - Civilization Diseases. 2023;8(1):28-30. doi:10.5114/amscd.2023.131891.","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of moxifloxacin-based triple-therapy in first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in Pakistan: randomized controlled trials","authors":"Sumaira Khadim, Iyad Naeem, Muhammad Alam, Hina Rehman, Sidra Ghayas, Sajjad Haider","doi":"10.5114/amscd.2023.131926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amscd.2023.131926","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The challenge of eradicating <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> through antibiotic treatment is still a significant concern due to the existence of antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of sequential therapy based on levofloxacin versus triple therapy based on moxifloxacin in treating H. pylori infection in patients receiving first-line treatment. Material and methods A total of 162 patients who were examined positive for <i>H. pylori</i> were randomly assigned to either of 2 groups to receive the following: (a) levofloxacin 500mg BID, amoxicillin 1 g BID, and omeprazole 20 mg BID for the first 5 days, followed by levofloxacin 500 mg BID, tinidazole 500 mg BID, and omeprazole 20 mg BID (LAO-LTO group); or (b) moxifloxacin 400 mg OD, amoxicillin 1 g BID, and omeprazole 20 mg BID (MAO group) for 10 days. Results The eradication rate of <i>H. pylori</i> in the LAO-LTO group was 58.4% (45/77) and 76.3% (45/59), and in the MAO group it was 81.2% (69/85) and 92% (69/75), respectively, in ITT and PP analyses. Eradication rates of moxifloxacin-based triple therapies were significantly higher than those of levofloxacin-based regimens (p < 0.001). The overall incidence of side effects and patient compliance was significantly lower in the moxifloxacin group (p < 0.005) than in the levofloxacin group. Conclusions Moxifloxacin-based triple therapy could be a significantly more effective first-line eradication treatment as compared to levofloxacin-based sequential therapy for <i>H. pylori</i> infection in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum paraoxonase activity in familial hypercholesterolaemia.","authors":"Kazuhiko Kotani,&nbsp;Naoki Sakane,&nbsp;Alejandro Gugliucci","doi":"10.5114/amsad/160952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amsad/160952","url":null,"abstract":"Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-bound esterase that protects low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and HDL from oxidative stress [1]. Low PON1 activity in the circulation is generally associated with increased risk for the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease [1]. While PON1 is a promiscuous enzyme, displaying esterase and lactonase activities","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a3/d8/AMS-AD-8-160952.PMC10161786.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9433039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalizing cardiac health in chronic renal failure: the synergistic effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and vitamin C in modulating nitric oxide and left ventricular hypertrophy.","authors":"Azouaou Leila,&nbsp;Adnane Mounir,&nbsp;Khelfi Abedrrezak,&nbsp;Chader Henni,&nbsp;Seba Atmene","doi":"10.5114/amsad/161519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amsad/161519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The inducible form of nitric oxide (iNOS) is induced by cytokines and endotoxins. The cardiac-protective effects of nitric oxide (NO) secreted by endothelial NOS are dependent on arginine. Arginine production occurs mainly within the organism, with the kidneys playing a key role in its synthesis and the elimination of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADM). In the present study the relationship between iNOS, ADMA and left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and the effect of treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) associated with vitamin C (Vit C) were investigated.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A longitudinal observational study was conducted on 153 patients with CKD. We studied the correlation between the mean values of iNOS and ADMA in CKD patients and its relationship with left ventricular hypertrophy and the benefit of treating these patients with an associated ACEI and Vit C.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 58.85 ±12.75 years. The mean values of iNOS and ADMA were 63.92 ± 0.59 μmol/l and 16.77 ±0.91 μmol/l, respectively. These values increased significantly with the degradation of the renal function (<i>p</i> < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and the two markers, ADMA (0.901 and <i>p</i> = 0001) and iNOS (0.718 and <i>p</i> = 0.0001). After 2 years of treatment with Vit C and ACEI, a significant decrease in LVMI was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NO secreted by the iNOS system and ADMAs initiates cardiac remodeling to lead to left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis. ACEIs increase the expression and activity of eNOS and decrease iNOS. Vit C prevents oxidative damage by scavenging ROS species and reagents nitrogen while. iNOS and ADMA accelerate cardiac aging. We conclude that ACEIs combined with Vit C may improve heart health and limite left ventricular hypertrophy in CKD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0f/eb/AMS-AD-8-161519.PMC10161790.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9436537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver injury in COVID-19 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an update.","authors":"Cesare Miranda,&nbsp;Elena Garlatti,&nbsp;Andrea Da Porto,&nbsp;Elena Rinaldo,&nbsp;Silvia Grazioli,&nbsp;Giorgio Zanette,&nbsp;Maurizio Tonizzo","doi":"10.5114/amsad/160950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amsad/160950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has revolutionized the priorities of the medical society worldwide. Although most patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibit respiratory symptoms, other organs may also be involved, including the liver, often resulting in liver injury. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the world, and its prevalence is expected to increase together with the epidemics of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Data about liver injury during COVID-19 are numerous, while overviews of this infection in patients with NAFLD, both in terms of respiratory and liver, are emerging. In this review, we summarise the current research focusing on COVID-19 in NAFLD patients and discuss the association between liver injury in COVID-19 subjects and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/96/4f/AMS-AD-8-160950.PMC10161789.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10300586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}