Stress medicine最新文献_第2页

Dental students in Northern Ireland in 1992 and 1995: changing trends in psychological stress 1992年和1995年北爱尔兰牙科学生:心理压力的变化趋势

Stress medicine Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<233::AID-SMI857>3.0.CO;2-#

R. Freeman, R. L. Lindner, J. Rooney, S. Narendran

{"title":"Dental students in Northern Ireland in 1992 and 1995: changing trends in psychological stress","authors":"R. Freeman, R. L. Lindner, J. Rooney, S. Narendran","doi":"10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<233::AID-SMI857>3.0.CO;2-#","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<233::AID-SMI857>3.0.CO;2-#","url":null,"abstract":"The political violence which took place in Northern Ireland was hypothesised (Fraser, Brit. J. Psychiat. 1971; 118: 257-264; Lyons, Brit, J. Psychiat, 1971; 118: 265-273; Lyons, J. Psychosomat. Res. 1979: 23: 373-393) to increase psychological stress in its population. This assumption led to the validity of work conducted in 1992 to assess Belfast dental students' stress to be questioned by researchers. An identical survey of clinical students was conducted in 1995, during the 1994-96 cease-fire in order to compare this additional cobort with the original cohort of clinical students' (from 1992) psychological stress. One hundred and seventy-nine students, in total, completed the occupational stress indicator. The results showed that there was no effect of year or the interaction of gender by year for sources of stress, type A behaviour, social support, health behaviours or stress outcomes. The main effect of gender explained differences in social support, alcohol consumption and the outcomes of stress (ie physical and mental ill-health). The findings suggest that social support, cohesiveness and group identity may act to contain the psychological stress associated with the political violence in Northern Ireland.","PeriodicalId":82818,"journal":{"name":"Stress medicine","volume":"800 1","pages":"233-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<233::AID-SMI857>3.0.CO;2-#","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50731068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Personality changes induced by autogenic training practice 自体训练所致的人格改变

Stress medicine Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<263::AID-SMI860>3.0.CO;2-G

M. Farnè, Noelia Jimenez‐Muñoz

引用次数: 7

The effect of cold immobilisation stress on brain MAO-A inhibitory activity and pineal N-acetylserotonin and melatonin in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats

Stress medicine Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<239::AID-SMI858>3.0.CO;2-F

G. Oxenkrug, A. Medvedev, P. Requintina, V. Glover

{"title":"The effect of cold immobilisation stress on brain MAO-A inhibitory activity and pineal N-acetylserotonin and melatonin in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats","authors":"G. Oxenkrug, A. Medvedev, P. Requintina, V. Glover","doi":"10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<239::AID-SMI858>3.0.CO;2-F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<239::AID-SMI858>3.0.CO;2-F","url":null,"abstract":"The possible role of endogenous monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory activity (tribulin) in the regulation of pineal levels of N-acetylserotonin and melatonin was investigated in normotensive (WKY) and in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats, with and without 2 h of cold-immobilisation stress (CIS). The MAO-B inhibitory activity was similar in all groups. The basal level of the MAO-A inhibitory activity was significantly higher in SHR than WKY rats. CIS increased the MAO-A inhibitory activity and serotonin in WKY but not SHR rats. The initial content of N-acetylserotonin, melatonin, and serotonin did not differ in the two groups, and there were no differences in stress-induced melatonin augmentation. However, after the stress was induced, the level of N-acetylserotonin was higher in SHR rats. Endogenous MAO-A inhibitory activity may have a role in stress induced production of N-acetylserotonin and meiatonin in normotensive rats, but not in hypertensive animals.","PeriodicalId":82818,"journal":{"name":"Stress medicine","volume":"291 ","pages":"239-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<239::AID-SMI858>3.0.CO;2-F","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50731384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Effects of autogenic training on emotional distress symptoms 自体训练对情绪困扰症状的影响

Stress medicine Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<259::AID-SMI861>3.0.CO;2-X

Mario A. Farn�, D. Gnugnoli

引用次数: 7

Post‐incident crisis intervention: a risk management strategy for preventing workplace violence 事件后危机干预:预防工作场所暴力的风险管理策略

Stress medicine Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<229::AID-SMI856>3.0.CO;2-M

R. Flannery

引用次数: 8

Blood pressure reactivity to mental stress and aerobic fitness in normotensive young adult African–American males with parental history of hypertension 父母有高血压史、血压正常的非裔美国青年男性对精神应激和有氧适能的反应

Stress medicine Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<219::AID-SMI855>3.0.CO;2-Q

V. Bond, P. Vaccaro, M. Caprarola, R. Millis, R. Blakely, R. Wood, M. Roltsch, Johnnie L. Fairfax, B. Hatfield, B. D. Franks, Deborah Williams, G. C. Davis, R. Adams

{"title":"Blood pressure reactivity to mental stress and aerobic fitness in normotensive young adult African–American males with parental history of hypertension","authors":"V. Bond, P. Vaccaro, M. Caprarola, R. Millis, R. Blakely, R. Wood, M. Roltsch, Johnnie L. Fairfax, B. Hatfield, B. D. Franks, Deborah Williams, G. C. Davis, R. Adams","doi":"10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<219::AID-SMI855>3.0.CO;2-Q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<219::AID-SMI855>3.0.CO;2-Q","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension (HT) is the leading health problem in the adult African-American (AA) community and is associated with risk factors of stress, physical inactivity, and family history. We examined the influences of aerobic fitness and parental history of HT on blood pressure (BP) reactivity to mental stress in 60 normotensive young adult AA males. A 5-min mental arithmetic test was used as a provocative stress. Measurements of peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ) were used to classify physically active and inactive subjects into groups of high and low aerobic fitness. A questionnaire was used to evaluate parental BP histories. Reactivity of BP was indexed by differences in values (delta) measured during baseline and stress testing periods. Subjects with a parental history of HT (PH - ) had significantly higher baseline systolic BP and mean arterial BP (SBP, MABP) values than subjects with no parental history of HT (PH - ). Among the group of PH + subjects, BP reactivity to mental stress was as follows: the high aerobic fitness subgroup (VO 2peak = 54.6±1.2 ml/kg/min) (n = 15) exhibited a 7.3 ± 2.0 mmHg rise in SBP and a 3.2 ± 2.0 mmHg rise in MABP, and the low aerobic fitness subgroup (VO 2peak = 37.1 ± 0.7 ml/kg/min) (n = 15) had a 15.8 ± 2.0 mmHg rise in SBP and an 11.8 ± 2.0 mmHg rise in MABP (p<0.05), Among the group of PH - subjects with high and low aerobic fitness (n = 30, 15/group), no differences in BP reactivity to mental stress were found, These results suggest that a lifestyle of physical activity associated with a high level of aerobic fitness may attenuate BP reactivity to mental stress and reduce the risk of HT in AA men.","PeriodicalId":82818,"journal":{"name":"Stress medicine","volume":"872 1","pages":"219-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<219::AID-SMI855>3.0.CO;2-Q","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50731344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The stress and coping inventory : an educational and research instrument 压力与应对量表:一种教育与研究工具

Stress medicine Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<199::AID-SMI848>3.0.CO;2-D

R. Rahe, T. Veach, Robbyn L. Tolles, K. Murakami

{"title":"The stress and coping inventory : an educational and research instrument","authors":"R. Rahe, T. Veach, Robbyn L. Tolles, K. Murakami","doi":"10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<199::AID-SMI848>3.0.CO;2-D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<199::AID-SMI848>3.0.CO;2-D","url":null,"abstract":"Most research studies of stress and coping in a person's life utilize only one or two measures. As scientists, therefore, we become accustomed to seeing these topics in a limited perspective. As health care practitioners, however, we profit from a broader view of these fields. Practitioners of health promotion strive to alert patients and clients to several areas of life adjustment pertinent to health and disease. The Stress and Coping Inventory (SCI) was designed for this kind of health promotion, primarily as an educational instrument and secondarily as a research tool. Reliability testing, using Cronbach alpha correlations, was performed utilizing a sample of 1772 individuals. Intercorrelations run between SCI stress and coping indicators were all in the predicted direction and several were at moderately high orders of magnitude. Analysis of variance was carried out for stress and coping measures according to subjects' reports of recent health problems. Finally, stepwise multiple regression analysis was done, including validation, cross-validation. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":82818,"journal":{"name":"Stress medicine","volume":"961 ","pages":"199-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<199::AID-SMI848>3.0.CO;2-D","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50731040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 65

Stress induced animal models of depression 应激诱导的抑郁症动物模型

Stress medicine Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1700(200007)16:4<195::AID-SMI880>3.0.CO;2-8

Trevor R. Norman, C. Mcgrath

引用次数: 4

The stress‐support patterns and psychological distress of immigrants 移民的压力-支持模式与心理困扰

Stress medicine Pub Date : 2000-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1700(200004)16:3<139::AID-SMI840>3.0.CO;2-C

M. Ritsner, I. Modai, A. Ponizovsky

{"title":"The stress‐support patterns and psychological distress of immigrants","authors":"M. Ritsner, I. Modai, A. Ponizovsky","doi":"10.1002/(SICI)1099-1700(200004)16:3<139::AID-SMI840>3.0.CO;2-C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1700(200004)16:3<139::AID-SMI840>3.0.CO;2-C","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of various stressors and sources of social support on the psychological distress of immigrants were examined. Key variables were measured using the Perceived Immigration Related Stressors Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and the Talbieh Brief Distress Inventory. Data were collected from a community-based sample of 565 adult individuals who recently emigrated from the former Soviet Union to Israel. The most significant stressors reported by immigrants were material-related, followed by culture-, information-, and health-related stressors. Those who perceived that social support was readily available had lower distress ratings than others who believed that social support was not forthcoming. Subjects reported significantly greater social support from family and significant others, than from friends. Social resources (especially support from friends) deterred distress under low stress conditions, but lost the deterring effect as stressors increased. Multiple regression analyses indicated that various combinations of stressors and social support resources explained 50 per cent of the variance in psychological distress under low stress conditions and 27 per cent of the variance as stress intensity increased. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that (1) social-stress factors affect psychological distress and symptoms, (2) social support resources mediate the effects of stressors on psychological distress, and (3) variability in psychological distress is rooted in differential stress-support patterns. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","PeriodicalId":82818,"journal":{"name":"Stress medicine","volume":"123 2","pages":"139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50683959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 55

Preventing Workplace Violence: A Guide for Employers and Practitioners. Mark Braverman, Sage Publications, London, 1999. No. of pages: 158. Price: 10.99. ISBN 0‐7619‐0614‐2 (hard cover)/0‐7619‐0615‐0 (paperback) 预防工作场所暴力:雇主和从业人员指南。Mark Braverman, Sage出版社，伦敦，1999年。不。共158页。价格:10.99。ISBN 0‐7619‐0614‐2(精装)/0‐7619‐0615‐0(平装)

Stress medicine Pub Date : 2000-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1700(200004)16:3<191::AID-SMI850>3.0.CO;2-T

H. Hoel

引用次数: 1