Archives of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"From protein to immunology: comprehensive insights into Marburg virus vaccines, mechanism, and application","authors":"Mohamed J. Saadh,&nbsp;Faris Anad Muhammad,&nbsp;Rafid Jihad Albadr,&nbsp;Gaurav Sanghvi,&nbsp;S. Renuka Jyothi,&nbsp;Mayank Kundlas,&nbsp;Kamal Kant Joshi,&nbsp;Surat Gulyamov,&nbsp;Waam Mohammed Taher,&nbsp;Mariem Alwan,&nbsp;Mahmood Jasem Jawad,&nbsp;Ali M. Ali Al-Nuaimi","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04277-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04277-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Marburg virus (MARV), a member of the Filoviridae family, is a highly lethal pathogen that causes Marburg virus disease (MVD), a severe hemorrhagic fever with high fatality rates.Despite recurrent outbreaks, no licensed vaccine is currently available. This review explores MARV’s genomic architecture, structural proteins, and recent advancements in vaccine development. It highlights the crucial role of MARV’s seven monocistronic genes in viral replication and pathogenesis, with a focus on structural proteins such as nucleoprotein (NP), glycoprotein (GP), and viral proteins VP35, VP40, and VP24. These proteins are essential for viral entry, immune evasion, and replication. The review further examines various vaccine platforms, including multi-epitope vaccines, DNA-based vaccines, viral vector vaccines, virus-like particles (VLPs), and mRNA vaccines. Cutting-edge immunoinformatics approaches are discussed for identifying conserved epitopes critical for broad-spectrum protection. The immunological responses induced by these vaccine candidates, particularly their efficacy in preclinical trials, are analyzed, showcasing promising results in generating both humoral and cellular immunity. Moreover, the review addresses challenges and future directions in MARV vaccine development, emphasizing the need for enhanced immunogenicity, safety, and global accessibility. The integration of omics technologies (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics) with immunoinformatics is presented as a transformative approach for next-generation vaccine design. Innovative platforms such as mRNA and VLP-based vaccines offer rapid and effective development opportunities. In this study, underscores the urgent need for a licensed MARV vaccine to prevent future outbreaks and strengthen global preparedness. By synthesizing the latest research and technological advancements, it provides a strategic roadmap for developing safe, effective, and broadly protective vaccines. The fight against MARV is a global priority, requiring coordinated efforts from researchers, policymakers, and public health organizations.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superlative short chain length and medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates microbial producers isolated from Malaysian environment","authors":"Hema Ramachandran,&nbsp;Siti Nor Syairah Anis,&nbsp;Nor Faezah Ansari,&nbsp;Vigneswari Sevakumaran,&nbsp;Nurhanani Arifshah,&nbsp;Nurul Afifah Mohd Kamal Rufadzil,&nbsp;Mohamad Suffian Mohamad Annuar,&nbsp;Amirul Al-Ashraf Abdullah","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04256-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04256-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic waste pollution is escalating globally at an unprecedented pace, with a significant measure of this waste remaining unrecycled. Hence, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), a biogenic polyester, as a potential alternative to synthetic plastics has been intensively studied over the years. PHAs are biodegradable and biocompatible polyester produced by various microorganisms through the bioprocessing of sustainable sources. Bacterial PHAs show potential as an eco-friendly, biodegradable, and biocompatible alternative to conventional plastics. Malaysian environment, anthropogenic and natural, harbors an enormous diversity of microorganisms as well as various bacteria that produce PHAs. Hence, the current submission highlights on four indigenous PHA producers, isolated from the local environments, namely <i>Cupriavidus malaysiensis</i> USMAA2-4, <i>Cupriavidus malaysiensis</i> USMAA10-20, <i>Cupriavidus malaysiensis</i> USMAHM13, and <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> BET001. The four strains have contributed significantly as a workhorse in advancing PHA research and innovation in Malaysia and globally. Their uniqueness and significance in the PHA investigation, which include biosynthesis, recovery strategies, metabolic pathways involved, characteristics and properties of extracted PHA, biodegradation, and its potential applications are discussed.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aquirufa esocilacus sp. nov., Aquirufa originis sp. nov., Aquirufa avitistagni, and Aquirufa echingensis sp. nov. discovered in small freshwater habitats in Austria during a citizen science project","authors":"Alexandra Pitt,&nbsp;Stefan Lienbacher,&nbsp;Johanna Schmidt,&nbsp;Meina Neumann-Schaal,&nbsp;Jacqueline Wolf,&nbsp;Aharon Oren,&nbsp;Sophia Reichl,&nbsp;Martin W. Hahn","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04275-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04275-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Within a citizen science project, 112 freshwater habitats in Austria were sampled to get bacterial cultures belonging to the genus <i>Aquirufa</i> using a strategy for targeted isolation. We focused on these bacteria because they are widespread and represent typical freshwater bacteria and, furthermore, the typic red pigmentation facilitates preselection. Among the 113 obtained <i>Aquirufa</i> strains were HETE-83D^T, KTFRIE-69F^T, OSTEICH-129V^T and PLAD-142S6K^T, originating from small ponds and a creek. Phylogenetic reconstructions with 16S rRNA gene sequences and genome-based analyses with amino acid sequences of 501 core genes showed that all four strains belonged to the <i>A. antheringensis</i> branch of the genus <i>Aquirufa</i>. Calculation of whole-genome average nucleotide identity values and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values revealed that they represent in each case a new species. The genome sizes of the four strains were between 2.5 and 2.8 Mbp and the G + C values were between 41.4 and 41.8%. Like all type strains of the genus <i>Aquirufa</i>, cells were rod-shaped, and liquid cultures and colonies on agar plates were red-pigmented, likely due to carotenoids. All strains except OSTEICH-129V^T showed gliding motility on soft agar plates. All strains grew aerobically but only PLAD-142S6K^T could grow weakly under anaerobic conditions. We propose here to establish the names <i>Aquirufa esocilacus</i> sp. nov. for strain HETE-83D^T (= DSM 118087^T = JCM 37094^T), <i>Aquirufa originis</i> sp. nov. for KTFRIE-69F^T (= DSM 117798^T = JCM 37095^T), <i>Aquirufa avitistagni</i> for OSTEICH-129V^T (= DSM 118088^T = JCM 37100^T) and <i>Aquirufa echingensis</i> sp. nov. for PLAD-142S6K^T (= DSM 117799^T = JCM 37096^T).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00203-025-04275-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immune response of upper and lower airway epithelial cells to Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans-derived β-glucan in Th17 type cytokine environment","authors":"Murat Turkbey,&nbsp;Dilara Karaguzel,&nbsp;Ali Doruk Uzunkaya,&nbsp;Yusuf Doruk Aracagok,&nbsp;Cagatay Karaaslan","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04266-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04266-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The fungal cell wall component β-glucan activates inflammation via the Dectin-1 receptor and IL-17 coordinates the antifungal immunity. However, the molecular crosstalk between IL-17, Dectin-1, and β-glucan in epithelial cells and fungal immunity remains unclear. We investigated the impact of <i>A.fumigatus</i>-derived β-glucan (AFBG) and <i>C.albicans</i>-derived β-glucan (CABG) on Dectin-1 and cytokines in nasal epithelial cells (NECs) and bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) in the presence of IL-17. CABG reduced BEC viability more than AFBG despite similar Dectin-1 expression. IL-17 reduced β-glucan-dependent Dectin-1 expression in NECs but increased it in BECs after 12 h. AFBG synergized with IL-17, enhancing pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokine expressions. IL-6 and IL-8 production increased in the presence of IL-17. Th17 cytokine influenced the Dectin-1 response to fungal β-glucan in NECs and BECs, impacting the initiation and nature of epithelial cell reactions to AFBG and CABG. Uncovering the molecular mechanisms of fungal β-glucans in the respiratory tract could lead to novel strategies for preventing fungal diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of a novel rapid fungal nucleic acid extraction kit","authors":"Shanshan Dong,&nbsp;Xinqiang Zhang,&nbsp;Taoyuan Li,&nbsp;Wanxian Hong,&nbsp;Qingpei Chen,&nbsp;Wenbo Wang,&nbsp;Chengyuan He,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Zeng,&nbsp;Hongmei Li,&nbsp;Zhengkang Li","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04273-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04273-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fungal infections can cause different diseases, and nucleic acid extraction is a crucial step in assisting the diagnosis of fungal infections. Traditional methods and current commercial fungal nucleic acid extraction kits are often time-consuming and involve hazardous chemicals. We developed a nucleic acid extraction kit that is safe, rapid, and efficient, designated as FNA-REK (Fungal Nucleic Acid Extraction Kit), which facilitates the simultaneous extraction of DNA and RNA without the necessity for hazardous chemicals, liquid nitrogen, or glass beads. This kit is user-friendly and achieves complete extraction within a mere 10 min. The RNA from the culture of <i>Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger</i> and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>. Meanwhile, the RNA from <i>Candida albicans, Candida glabrata</i> and <i>Candida tropicalis</i> of mid-stream urine, vaginal discharge and sputum samples, respectively, <i>Cryptococcus neoformans,</i> genus <i>Aspergillus</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> of sputum samples, genus <i>Aspergillus</i> of bronchoscopy rinsing fluid were extracted using both the FNA-REK and the BIO-TEK. The concentration and purity of the extracted RNA were measured by nanodrop photometer. The nucleic acid extracted from <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> using FNA-REK showed higher concentration and purity compared to BIO-TEK following a 10^–6 dilution. The maximum coefficients of variation for intra-run and inter-run replicates were 2.26% and 8.44%, respectively, significantly lower than 10%, indicating the high reproducibility of the FNA-REK. The FNA-REK yielded a lower cycle threshold (Ct value) than the BIO-TEK for cultured <i>Candida krusei</i>, <i>Aspergillus niger</i> and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> obtained from clinical laboratory. Also, FNA-REK performed better than BIO-TEK for <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>Candida glabrata</i>, <i>Candida tropicalis</i>, and genus <i>Aspergillus</i> in sputum samples from patients with severe pneumonia. The FNA-REK is a sensitive and stable nucleic acid extraction kit, offering an economical, efficient, and environmentally sustainable approach for fungal nucleic acid extraction. Its high extraction efficiency provides significant technical support for both laboratory and clinical applications, positioning it as a strong contender to become the most convenient and fastest fungal nucleic acid extraction kit currently available on the market.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics and gut microbiota modulation: implications for skin health and disease management","authors":"Elahe Parhizkar,&nbsp;Parisa Vosough,&nbsp;Maryam Baneshi,&nbsp;Abdolkhalegh Keshavarzi,&nbsp;Parvin Lohrasbi,&nbsp;Saeed Taghizadeh,&nbsp;Amir Savardashtaki","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04267-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04267-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The gut microbiota, consisting of a varied population of microorganisms in the digestive tract, is essential for sustaining overall human health, encompassing skin health. This review explored the intricate relationship between gut microbiota and various skin disorders, investigating the pathways through which gut dysbiosis may have impacted the development and progression of these conditions. We focused on the impact of gut microbiota on atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, acne rosacea, and melanoma. The review highlighted the potential of probiotics as a therapeutic strategy for modulating gut microbiota composition and, consequently, improving skin health. We discussed the evidence supporting the use of probiotics in managing these skin disorders and explored the mechanisms by which probiotics delivered their positive effects. Finally, we discussed the potential role of gut microbiota in other skin diseases, emphasizing the need for further research to unravel the complex interplay between the gut and the skin. Significant gaps remain in understanding the gut–skin axis, how microbial interactions contribute to skin disorders, and how to effectively manipulate the microbiome for therapeutic purposes. This review provided extensive research on the gut–skin axis, highlighting the promising prospects of modulating gut microbiota as a therapeutic strategy for various dermatological conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of circular RNAs in bovine mammary tissues infected with Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Li Zhou,&nbsp;Zhuoma Luoreng,&nbsp;Xingping Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04269-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04269-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mastitis is one of the most common diseases in cattle. The causes are complex, and the disease tends to recur and its difficult to cure, resulting in significant economic losses to the global dairy industry each year. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), have recently been recognized as key regulators in inflammatory diseases. However, little is known about the roles of circRNAs in mastitis caused by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) infection. In this study, bovine mammary gland tissue was treated with <i>S. aureus</i> (10⁵ CFU/ml, M_S) and PBS (control, M_C) and RNA-sequencing was used to explore the effect of <i>S. aureus</i> on circRNA expression in the tissue. The results showed that compared with the M_C group, 202 differentially expressed circRNAs (DE circRNAs) were identified in the M_S group, including 105 up-regulated and 97 down-regulated circRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that most of the DE circRNAs were enriched in categories such as transcription by RNA polymerase II, transcription factor complexes, and oxidoreductase activity, while Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed significant enrichment in pathways involved in thyroid hormone, FoxO, and cell cycle functions. Seven circRNAs associated with bovine mastitis were also identified (novel_circ_0016953, novel_circ_0001266, novel_circ_0015099, novel_circ_0008169, novel_circ_0001807, novel_circ_0016220, and novel_circ_0009731). The results of this study lay a theoretical foundation for further investigation into the mechanism underlying bovine mastitis and provide valuable references for subsequent research on bovine mastitis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid enhanced the antioxidant capacity in skin fibroblasts","authors":"Meng Zhang,&nbsp;Doudou Shi,&nbsp;Mimi Cui,&nbsp;Jinyong Li,&nbsp;Wenjing Cheng,&nbsp;Chunhong Pu,&nbsp;Jiachan Zhang,&nbsp;Changtao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04274-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04274-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, fermented hyaluronic acid (FHA) was obtained by fermentation of hyaluronic acid (HA) with molecular weight ranging from 1200 to 1300 kDa with two strains of<i> Saccharomyces cerevicae</i> (CICC 1308 and CICC 1747). Active substance content and spectral analysis revealed a substantial decrease in FHA molecular weight, accompanied by changes in monosaccharide composition, yet the chemical structure of FHA remained unchanged. Secondly, FHA exhibited a strong ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals. In hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced human skin fibroblasts (HSF), FHA enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, reversing oxidative stress via the <i>Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1</i> signaling pathway. These findings highlight FHA's potential as a natural cosmetic ingredient. Future research should investigate its long-term effects and potential applications in skin care treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The curtain model as an alternative and complementary to the classic turgor concept of filamentous fungi","authors":"Igor S. Mazheika,&nbsp;Olga V. Kamzolkina","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04271-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04271-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Turgor pressure is critically important for all organisms with the cell wall. In fungi, turgor is involved in the apical growth of hyphae, affects cell size, provides tension to the plasma membrane, creates the necessary rigidity for hyphae to penetrate the substrate, and has many other functions. However, there is increasing evidence that turgor pressure is not always the sole or main factor influencing some of these processes. This review characterizes the curtain model, previously proposed to describe the regulation of plasma membrane tension in the hyphae of basidiomycetes. The current understanding of the four main components of the model is outlined: the driving actin cytoskeleton, the elastic cell wall, tight adhesion of the plasma membrane to the cell wall, and macroinvaginations of the plasma membrane. All four elements, as a single model, complement or replace some physiological functions of turgor and allow us to understand how a non-apical fungal cell maintains its physiological functionality under changing environmental conditions. Further experimental confirmation of this model is fundamentally important for mycology and applied sciences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of bcsE, luxS and rfaG genes on the physiology and pathogenicity of Salmonella Typhimurium","authors":"Semra Soydam,&nbsp;Elif Gamze Has,&nbsp;Tuba Nur Sürkaç,&nbsp;Mustafa Akçelik,&nbsp;Nefise Akçelik","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04248-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04248-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, <i>rfaG</i>, <i>luxS</i>, and <i>bcsE</i> gene mutants of <i>S.</i> Typhimurium ATCC 14028 wild-type strain were generated, and their effects on bacterial physiology and pathogenicity were investigated. Biofilm production capacity and mobility of mutant strains were found to be significantly reduced. Immune response stimulation of 6–8 week-old BALB/c mice infected with wild-type and mutants was evaluated on days 0 and 21 for IL-6, IFN-γ, and IgG, and then systemic infection in mice was determined by the amount of <i>Salmonella</i> recovered from the cecum, spleen, and liver organs. The specific IgG antibody level and the expression level of the cytokines IFN-γ and IL-6 were found to be significantly reduced in mice inoculated with mutant strains compared to the control group. The highest level of colonization in the organs was found in the cecum, and the lowest level of colonization was detected in the liver. In the wild-type-infected group, splenomegaly and staining of the liver were detected. In the groups of mice infected with <i>bcsE</i> and <i>luxS</i> mutants, these symptoms were at a low level. In the groups infected with the <i>rfaG</i> mutant, no significant lesions were detected in the organs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}