Archives of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Beyond the catalysis of Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidases: structure, function, post-translational modifications, intrinsically disordered regions and use of CRISPR/Cas9","authors":"Miguel A. Uc-Chuc,&nbsp;Irma A. Jiménez-Ramírez,&nbsp;Eugenia del S. Guzmán-Marín,&nbsp;José I. Chan-Pérez,&nbsp;Karla Y. Acosta-Viana","doi":"10.1007/s00203-026-04930-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-026-04930-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, is a global health problem with limited treatment options. The parasite’s trans-sialidase (TS) protein family has been widely described as a key component in its life cycle. In this work, we present a comprehensive review of the TS family, including its molecular structure, phylogenetic relationships, and known functions. Based on in silico analyses, we propose that intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) present in the TS family may play a role in the spatial organization of these proteins. We also hypothesize that these IDRs could contribute to the formation of biomolecular condensates through liquid-liquid phase separation, providing a potential dynamic platform that is not fully explained by conventional structural models. In addition, we discuss recent advances in the application of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system to <i>T. cruzi</i> TS proteins. The available evidence indicates the multifunctional nature of these proteins, including enzymatic and non-enzymatic isoforms, as well as the presence of conserved motifs associated with host interactions and post-translational modifications. Taken together, this review integrates previous findings and proposes new hypotheses regarding additional functions of the TS family. The need for experimental studies to validate these proposals and clarify their relevance to the parasite’s biology is emphasized. This approach could contribute to evaluating the potential of TS as a therapeutic target in Chagas disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"208 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the carbohydrate-active enzyme repertoire of Trichoderma caribbaeum IHBT through whole-genome analysis and transcriptional profiling","authors":"Asheesh Kumar,&nbsp;Tanvi Sharma,&nbsp;Neha Kumari,&nbsp;Ravi Kumar,&nbsp;Vishal Acharya,&nbsp;Arun Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s00203-026-04924-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-026-04924-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) play an important role in the efficient deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) and chitin, which is essential for sustainable bioenergy production and for the development of industrially important value-added products. Fungi, especially members of <i>Trichoderma spp</i>., are known as efficient degraders of biomass and represent valuable resources for expanding the known repertoire of CAZymes. This study presents the first report of the sequencing and annotation of a high-quality hybrid genome assembly of <i>Trichoderma caribbaeum</i> IHBT, isolated from the western Himalayan region, along with RNA-seq analysis to identify CAZyme-encoding genes potentially involved in the biomass degradation process. The assembled genome was 36.2 Mb in size, with a N50 value of 1.2 Mb and a GC content of 48%, indicating a high-quality genome assembly. Genome mining enabled the identification and functional annotation of 362 putative CAZyme-encoding genes. Time-course transcriptome profiling of <i>T. caribbaeum</i> IHBT grown on sugarcane bagasse (SB) revealed an upregulation of several genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, including members of the glycoside hydrolase (GH; XP_013945330.1, UKZ69522.1, UKZ67968.1, XP_013947289.1, XP_013940790.1, and UKZ68144.1) and auxiliary activity (AA; UKZ70991.1, XP_013940326.1, XP_013944427.1, UKZ71564, and UKZ60083.1) families, including lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs). Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified eight potential Hub genes, of which XP_013943413.1, XP_013940723.1, XP_013945605, and XP_013942713 are directly implicated in biomass deconstruction. Overall, the identified CAZyme-encoding genes offer significant potential for further functional characterization and application in biomass valorization, thereby supporting the development of sustainable circular economic strategies in prospective studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"208 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: The alarming association between antibiotic resistance and reduced susceptibility to biocides in nosocomial MRSA isolates from two regional hospitals in Egypt","authors":"Christiana R. B. Youssef,&nbsp;Ashraf A. Kadry,&nbsp;Ghada H. Shaker,&nbsp;Amira M. El-Ganiny","doi":"10.1007/s00203-026-04940-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-026-04940-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"208 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine microbiomes and their expanding role in biotechnological potential: a systematic review","authors":"Gajendra Joshi,&nbsp;Kazy Sufia Khannam","doi":"10.1007/s00203-026-04918-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-026-04918-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marine bacteria are present almost everywhere in the ocean environment and are essential to many biogeochemical processes. The perspectives of ecologists and evolutionary biologists on the significance of microbes in ecosystem function are shifting as a result of exploring the marine microbiomes. This is especially true in ocean habitats, where microbes comprise the bulk of the biomass and are responsible for the majority of the planet's key biogeochemical cycles, including those that influence the global climate. Emerging research suggests that many ecosystem services provided by coastal marine environments depend on intricate interactions between groups of microbes and the environment or their hosts. The structure, variety, and functional capability of marine microbial populations have been revealed on a global scale thanks to recent developments in molecular ecology techniques. Over-recent-decades, industrialization and urbanization have led to widespread contamination of oceans. These contaminants accumulate in seawater and sediments, particularly in coastal areas, posing risks to marine ecosystems and human health. Marine microorganisms possess diverse catalytic abilities and extreme environmental tolerance, making them suitable for bioremediation of toxins. Effective-degradation of pollutants often depends on syntrophic-interactions within microbial communities, highlighting the importance of understanding their collaboration and communication for marine resource management. Here, we assess the current level of knowledge about marine microbiome research and highlight key issues within this developing field of study. The review aims to enhance understanding of marine microbiome's roles and potential uses in biogeochemical analysis, biotechnology, and environmental remediation, which could support sustainable and circular business models for future generations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"208 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular basis of copper homeostasis in Trichoderma asperellum Ts93: roles of a peroxidase and Ctr-family transporters","authors":"Yuxuan Chen,&nbsp;Lili Fan,&nbsp;Kehe Fu,&nbsp;Zuozuo Ai,&nbsp;Jing Xu,&nbsp;Yongjia Ma","doi":"10.1007/s00203-026-04926-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-026-04926-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Copper tolerance mechanisms and copper-related genes are crucial for microbial applications in copper remediation. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of copper homeostasis in <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> Ts93, a strain with high copper tolerance. We conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of gene expression under both copper stress and copper starvation conditions, and functionally characterized key genes involved in these responses. The results indicated that the strain could withstand up to 4.0 mM of copper on PDA plates. Transcriptome analysis revealed that a total of 339 genes were upregulated and 321 genes were downregulated in response to copper stress. Notably, the expression of the peroxidase gene <i>Tspod1</i> was significantly upregulated, likely due to heightened oxidative stress following copper exposure. Gene knockout experiments demonstrated that the disruption of <i>Tspod1</i> increased the strain’s sensitivity to copper stress. Under conditions of copper starvation, 276 genes were upregulated while 389 genes were downregulated. Significantly, two members of the Ctr family of copper transporters, <i>TsCtr1</i> and <i>TsCtr3</i>, exhibited substantial upregulation. Knocking out these genes also heightened the strain’s sensitivity to copper starvation. These findings provide new molecular insights into the copper homeostasis network in <i>Trichoderma</i> and establish a foundation for future studies aimed at harnessing this organism’s potential for copper bioremediation. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"208 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"mRNA vaccine development for tuberculosis: antigen design, immune mechanisms, and translational challenges","authors":"Qamar Abuhassan,&nbsp;Mohamed Abu Shuheil,&nbsp;Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh,&nbsp;Praharshkumar B. Raj,&nbsp;Subbulakshmi Ganesan,&nbsp;Subhashree Ray,&nbsp;Harvinder Singh Sohal,&nbsp;Omayma Salim Waleed,&nbsp;Shakhnozakhon Muminova,&nbsp;Mutabar Latipova,&nbsp;Dilfuza Begmatova","doi":"10.1007/s00203-026-04929-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-026-04929-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The persistent global burden of tuberculosis (TB) and the context-dependent efficacy of the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine necessitate the development of innovative prophylactic strategies. mRNA vaccine platforms have emerged as a transformative toolkit, offering unprecedented versatility in antigen design and manufacturing scalability. This inclusive innovation review synthesizes the molecular engineering and immunological mechanisms of mRNA TB vaccines, evaluating their capacity to address the unique challenges posed by the intracellular lifestyle of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (Mtb). mRNA platforms realistically offer superior endogenous antigen production for CD8⁺ T-cell activation and the flexibility to encode multi-stage fusion antigens targeting both active and latent bacilli. However, significant constraints remain; mRNA technology alone cannot resolve the spatial sequestration of Mtb within necrotic granulomas or the \"recruitment lag\" of systemic immunity to the lung parenchyma. Achieving sterile protection requires a transition toward mucosal delivery systems capable of inducing lung T_RM cells. Furthermore, translational success must be measured beyond classical interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) readouts, prioritizing correlates of protection that reflect site-specific immunity, safety in latently infected populations, and the deployment of thermostable formulations in endemic regions. By integrating mRNA constructs into heterologous prime-boost regimens and host-directed therapies, the field moves toward a precision vaccinology framework capable of curtailing the TB epidemic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"208 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinformatics-driven genome-wide identification of viral miRNAs in high spillover bat coronaviruses and their target genes in human","authors":"Siddhant Mazumder,&nbsp;Shreya Kapoor,&nbsp;Hargunjeet Kaur,&nbsp;Jasmine Thakur,&nbsp;Ritvika Hasija,&nbsp;Kiran Daroch,&nbsp;Harshil Walia,&nbsp;Shubham Kumar,&nbsp;Dikshant Saini,&nbsp;Chander Jyoti Thakur,&nbsp;Avneet Saini,&nbsp;Sandeep Saini","doi":"10.1007/s00203-026-04901-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-026-04901-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zoonotic spillover, driven by interspecies pathogen transmission, poses a significant global health threat. Recent studies highlight farmed fur animals as reservoirs for diverse coronaviruses, particularly <i>Pipistrellus</i> bat coronavirus HKU5 (Pi-Bat-CoV HKU5), which demonstrates high spillover potential. Additionally, the genetically distinct <i>Pipistrellus</i> bat coronavirus HKU5-CoV-2 (Pi-Bat HKU5-CoV-2), capable of utilizing the ACE2 receptor for entry into mammalian cells, further underscores the risk of bat-origin viruses infecting mammalian hosts. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate post-transcriptional expression of mRNA. In this study, we utilized Vmir to predict pre-miRNAs for three bat coronaviruses, which were validated using a consensus-based approach using iMcRNA-PseSSC, iMcRNA-ExPseSSC, and iMiRNA-PseDPC. We identified 28, 34, and 40 pre-miRNAs for Pi-Bat-CoV HKU5, Pi-Bat HKU5-CoV-2, and Ty-Bat-CoV HKU4, respectively, exhibiting unique profiles distinct from SARS-CoV-2. Mature miRNAs were predicted with the MatureBayes server, and 549, 680, and 800 target genes corresponding to the Pi-Bat-CoV HKU5, Pi-Bat HKU5-CoV-2, and Ty-Bat-CoV HKU4 were identified using the miRDB database. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed using Enrichr to explore associated biological functions. The enriched target genes were found to be involved in critical pathways such as serotonergic synapse, RNA degradation, Wnt signaling, and cell cycle regulation. Furthermore, the network analysis revealed important targeted hub genes such as SOX2, ESR1, FGF2, SMAD4, YWHAZ, PRKACB, MAPK1, EP300, and GSK3β, which have been implicated in the repression of viral replication and host defense against viral infection. The findings provide a framework for genomic surveillance of v-miRNA repertoires, offering insights into viral adaptation and spillover, but future in vitro and in vivo studies will be essential to validate these findings.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"208 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biophotocatalytic and bioelectrocatalytic strategies for methane production and oxidation: emerging pathways and perspectives","authors":"Zhenni Cheng,&nbsp;Xiaolei Fan,&nbsp;Rui Li,&nbsp;Kangqing Fei,&nbsp;Rongbo Guo,&nbsp;Shanfei Fu","doi":"10.1007/s00203-026-04925-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-026-04925-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Methane (CH₄) serves both as a high-energy-density gas and a major greenhouse gas. Its microbial transformation, namely production by methanogens and oxidation by methanotrophs, is a pivotal process in the global carbon cycle and a promising biotechnological tool. However, the practical application of these metabolisms has long been constrained by low energy efficiency and limited product spectra. Recent advances in bioelectrocatalysis and biophotocatalysis have opened new avenues to overcome these limitations by interfacing microbial metabolism with external energy. This review synthesizes progress in these emerging hybrid strategies, with a particular focus on how they harness and enhance the intrinsic extracellular electron transfer (EET) capabilities of CH₄-cycling microorganisms. This review first outlines the fundamental EET mechanisms of both methanogenesis and CH₄ oxidation, providing the biological foundation for subsequent technological interventions. It then critically examines the latest developments in bioelectrochemical, biophotocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic systems for steering CH₄ production and conversion, highlighting design principles, performance metrics, and mechanistic insights. Finally, It identifies persistent challenges, ranging from incomplete mechanistic understanding to engineering scalability, and propose targeted future directions. By framing the discussion around the unifying role of EET, this review aims to stimulate a more integrated approach to developing efficient and carbon‑neutral technologies for CH₄ valorization and greenhouse gas mitigation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"208 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warming responses, antibiosis potentials, and ecological implications of cryo-adapted copiotrophs from a Trans-Himalayan lake-desert ecosystem","authors":"Sumit Chatterjee,&nbsp;Subhajit Dutta,&nbsp;Jit Ghosh,&nbsp;Swapneel Saha,&nbsp;Mahamadul Mondal,&nbsp;Jagannath Sarkar,&nbsp;Nibendu Mondal,&nbsp;Wriddhiman Ghosh","doi":"10.1007/s00203-026-04904-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-026-04904-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A Trans-Himalayan lake-desert ecosystem was explored for the low-to-high temperature adaptations of copiotrophic psychrophiles having potentials for substantive carbon remineralization under natural and/or anthropogenically-influenced conditions of high organic matter delivery to the environment. Overall 27 bacterial species were isolated from the brackish-water and sediment-surface of Tso Moriri (a massive lake on the Changthang plateau that remains frozen for approximately one third of the year), and the fine talus covering a lake-side rocky mountain. In Luria broth (LB), all isolates grew at 4 °C and 15 °C; at -10 °C, 13 could grow while others remained only metabolically-active. Catabolizing different complex-organic-compounds, all isolates achieved considerable growth at 4 °C; 20 accomplished low growth at -10 °C. LB-based growth dwindled with rising temperature: 23, 11, and none of the isolates grew at 28 °C, 37 °C, and 42 °C respectively. In agar-overlay assays, most actinobacterial isolates inhibited other mesophilic bacteria. The isolates’ genomes, and their habitats’ metagenomes, encompassed diverse genes for extreme-temperature adaptation, carbohydrate catabolism, antibiosis and antibiotic-resistance. All <i>in-vitro</i> findings collectively engender the following hypothesis, via contextual inferences pending field-study-based validations. Warming-induced cessation of organotrophic growth, within high-altitude cryospheres, would curb the production of simple-fatty-acids, CO₂ and N₂O. Short-supply of acetate and CO₂ would, in turn, cut-back methanogenesis. Such negative-feedback control of greenhouse gas production at the micro-habitat level can add-up in the biome-scale to mitigate broader environmental warming; it, however, endangers the ecosystem from thermally-better-adapted foreign microbes that can usher positive-feedback cycles of warming. In the latter scenario, antibiosis potentials of native actinobacteria become pivotal to microbiome protection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"208 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antimicrobial arsenal of endophytes in Lilium pumilum: active components of Fusarium tricinctum and antifungal mechanisms","authors":"Yong-Jiao Niu,&nbsp;Lin-Bo Liu,&nbsp;Zhong-Duo Yang,&nbsp;Cui-Juan Xu,&nbsp;Tian-Kun Zhao,&nbsp;Lei-Lei Chen,&nbsp;Qian-Qian Wang,&nbsp;Bing Sun,&nbsp;Sahyun Kim","doi":"10.1007/s00203-026-04913-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-026-04913-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The microbiome of <i>Lilium pumilum</i> represents a valuable resource for developing sustainable biocontrol strategies. This study investigated the potential of these microorganisms to serve as major plant pathogen-antagonistic strains. In this study, 38 strains (18 fungi and 20 actinobacteria) were isolated from <i>L. pumilum</i> and its rhizosphere soil. Among these, the endophytic fungus Z-SD-LJ-2 (<i>Fusarium tricinctum</i>) exhibited remarkable broad-spectrum antifungal activity against five tested plant pathogens, with inhibition rates of 68.07–89.42% and half maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) values of 16.58–30.97 µg mL^− 1. Notably, its performance surpassed the commercial fungicide azoxystrobin against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> and <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>. Concurrently, the rhizosphere-derived strain Z-SDTR-2 (<i>Purpureocillium lilacinum</i>) demonstrated potent inhibition against <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>, and <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, with all inhibition rates exceeding 80% and EC₅₀ values of 17.17–21.80 µg mL^− 1. Activity-guided isolation from Z-SD-LJ-2 led to the identification of enniatin B as the most active compound, exhibiting EC₅₀ values of 13.78–26.81 µg mL^− 1. Further studies revealed that enniatin B induces apoptosis in the pathogens by triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and causing mitochondrial dysfunction. In pot experiments, the fermentation broth of Z-SD-LJ-2 (2 × 10³ mg L^− 1) effectively controlled lily wilt, reducing the disease index to 30% (14.3% lower than azoxystrobin) and achieving a preventive efficacy of 72.6% (18% higher than the control). Additionally, the treatment promoted lily growth, increasing plant height by 4.4% and stem thickness by 8.71% compared to the control, underscoring its dual-function potential as a novel, effective biopesticide for sustainable agricultural practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"208 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}