Archives of Medical Science最新文献

{"title":"Daily sedentary behavior exceeding 5 hours is independently associated with MAFLD: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2017-2020.","authors":"Yan L Yang, Yan Li","doi":"10.5114/aoms/221198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/221198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has emerged as a predominant global cause of chronic liver disease, linked to various health issues. Although sedentary behavior (SB) has been associated with MAFLD, an exact upper limit for sedentary time has not been established. This study aimed to investigate the dose-response relationship between sedentary time and MAFLD and identify potential reference values for future research and recommendations.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study analyzed 7,705 participants from the 2017-2020 NHANES cycle, using transient elastography to identify MAFLD and liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. Sedentary time and physical activity levels were determined through a detailed questionnaire, with physical activity classified by official guidelines. Restricted cubic spline and piecewise regression analyses examined the association between sedentary time and MAFLD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sedentary time demonstrated a linear dose-response relationship with MAFLD (<i>p</i> for non-linear = 0.647, <i>p</i> overall < 0.001), with sedentary behavior over 5 h daily significantly associated with higher odds of MAFLD. After adjustment for confounders, each additional sedentary hour was associated with a 7.7% increase in the odds of MAFLD (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Males had a higher prevalence of MAFLD, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis than females (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Further analysis revealed no significant difference by sex in the association between sedentary time and MAFLD (<i>p</i> for interaction = 0.0974).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prolonged sedentary time is associated with higher odds of MAFLD in US adults. Reducing excessive sedentary behavior may represent a potential strategy for MAFLD prevention, although further longitudinal studies are needed to establish evidence-based sedentary time recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":"22 4","pages":"2088-2094"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149190967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of mechanical spinal manipulation in the standing position in patients with non-specific low back pain: a randomised placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Bart Verellen, An Vanderreydt, Marlena Krawczyk-Suszek, Jörgen Quaghebeur","doi":"10.5114/aoms/221562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/221562","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) is not attributable to a known cause and is a leading contributor to the global disease burden. The effect of specific spinal manipulation in patients with NSLBP using the vertical adjustment position standing (VAPS) technique described by Hartman remains unclear. This technique is used to address spinal restrictions and improve mobility. The main aim of the study was to examine the immediate and medium-term effects of VAPS on pain (VAS), mobility of the lumbar spine (MSt), and pain-related disability (ODI) in patients with non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) using two types of spinal manipulation including the innovative Gravity Table.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Material and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;All patients (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 90) were randomly assigned to the VAPS intervention group (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 30), the Gravity group (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 30), or the placebo group (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 30) that received sham manipulation. At intake (M1), the VAS, ODI, and MSt were assessed, and were reassessed 3 weeks later (M2). Immediately after M2, the VAPS (performed by a therapist or using the Gravity Table) or sham manipulation was performed, and VAS and MSt were measured (M3) (short-term effect). Three weeks later, VAS, ODI. and MSt were measured again (M4) (medium-term effect). This study was a randomised, single-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, conducted in Belgium. Inclusion criteria: either sex, age ≥ 18 years, diagnosed with non-specific low back pain (NSLBP), defined as pain in the area between the last rib and the gluteal folds that persists for at least 12 weeks without obvious radiological signs of abnormality or another known possible cause. Exclusion criteria: spine surgery, use of specific medications (e.g. cortisone, anticoagulants), pregnancy, previous abdominal surgery within the last 3 months, acute illness during the study, contraindications (e.g. vertebral fractures, tumours, acute illnesses in the lumbar region and sacrum, osteoporosis, pathologic lordosis or kyphosis), and diseases of the central nervous system (e.g. multiple sclerosis, pyramidal, extrapyramidal or cerebellar disease).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;All subjects who met the inclusion criteria received the participant information sheet (\"information part\"), was informed about the possibility of withdrawing from the study at any stage of its duration, and provided informed consent. In the Gravity group, the greatest reduction in the level of pain was achieved, from 4.6 ±1.9 (M1) to 1.9 ±2.0 (M4) on the VAS scale. Analyses of ODI_M2 vs ODI_M4 indicated a significant reduction in the level of disability in the compared groups, and the lowest results were recorded in the group with the Gravity intervention (ODI_M2: 7.7 ±6.2; ODI_M4: 4.2 ±4.0; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;VAPS (performed by a therapist or using the Gravity Table) significantly improved pain (VAS) and MSt. A larger sample size may be needed to dete","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":"22 4","pages":"2184-2196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149191147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems in Poland, Europe, and beyond in 2025: principles, available technologies, and future perspectives.","authors":"Oskar Kublin, Dorota Filipowicz, Mariusz Stępień","doi":"10.5114/aoms/218227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/218227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems have become increasingly common and more widely available for people with diabetes. A variety of devices appearing on the market, together with their increasing integration with other tools (insulin pumps, watches, and smartphone applications), require medical personnel to have a solid basic knowledge of CGMs, continuous follow-up, updated expertise extending beyond the local market, and a future-oriented perspective. Additionally, low-quality products without proper evaluation, which do not meet the standards established by diabetes societies, become available to patients. To provide an extended background on CGM technology principles, basic knowledge of results presentation, and interpretation according to recommendations, this review presents the most common devices, along with a cost-effectiveness analysis and a critical assessment. Furthermore, future perspectives are discussed, including AI technologies and modern solutions to enhance user comfort.</p>","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":"22 4","pages":"2250-2265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149190946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors in cardiovascular practice: insights from a national survey of French cardiologists.","authors":"Pierre F Sabouret, Marco Bernardi, Raul D Santos, Julien Rosencher, Stefano Cacciatore, Jean Claude Dib, Elad Asher, Domenico M Giamundo, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, Giuseppe Andò, Maciej Banach, Nicolas Lellouche, Luigi Spadafora","doi":"10.5114/aoms/226415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/226415","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":"22 4","pages":"2465-2468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149191025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of microbial contamination of mobile phones among medical staff, students, and visitors in a pediatric hematology-oncology ward and its relationship with infections among pediatric patients.","authors":"Karolina Różycka, Beata Kuczyńska, Barbara Sidorska, Małgorzata Mitura-Lesiuk","doi":"10.5114/aoms/225097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/225097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a significant threat to patient safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and extent of microbial contamination of cell phones (CPs) used by medical staff, medical students, and visitors to pediatric patients with hematological and oncological diseases and immune disorders, as well as their potential contribution to microbial dissemination in the hospital environment.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation at the University Children's Hospital in Lublin between May and July 2025. Samples were collected by swabbing the surfaces of cell phones. The samples were analyzed in an outsourced laboratory in accordance with standard procedures. Additionally, patients' medical records were reviewed for signs of infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty active CP users were included in the study, including visitors (<i>n</i> = 13), students (<i>n</i> = 12), nurses (<i>n</i> = 8), and doctors (<i>n</i> = 7). Contamination was detected in 32/40 (80%) CP samples. A total of 61 strains were isolated: 60 bacterial strains and 1 mold isolate. The most prevalent species were <i>Micrococcus luteus</i> (33.3%; <i>n</i> = 20) and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> (23.3%; <i>n</i> = 14). The highest proportion of contaminated CPs was observed among nurses (87.5%). Symptoms of infection were observed in 7 patients; however, no correlation was found between the microorganisms isolated from CPs and the etiological agents identified in patients with infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate that CPs used by medical staff are frequently contaminated with bacteria. This suggests that, in addition to their communicative function, they may serve as potential reservoirs of microorganisms and therefore warrant attention in infection prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":"22 4","pages":"1970-1977"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149190804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between childbirth history and multiple health outcomes.","authors":"Lizhong Yin, Huiwen Hu, Xuting Shi, Jiali Xiong","doi":"10.5114/aoms/224184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms/224184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the association between childbirth experience and multiple health outcomes, and to discuss the role of blood lipids.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2020. Childbirth history (e.g., parity or number of live births) was obtained from questionnaire data. Blood lipid parameters included triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Remnant cholesterol (RC) was calculated based on standard lipid equations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3889 participants were included in this study. Compared with women without childbirth history, the prevalence of several conditions was significantly higher among women with childbirth history, including high blood pressure (40.77% vs. 19.57%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), diabetes (13.15% vs. 5.86%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), heart disease (7.75% vs. 1.69%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and arthritis (35.22% vs. 17.57%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Individuals with two diseases were the most common (29.1%), and overweight-high blood pressure-arthritis was the most important comorbidity pattern. After multivariable adjustment, childbirth history was associated with higher odds of seven medical conditions (heart disease, cancer, kidney stones, arthritis, thyroid problem, diabetes, and high blood pressure). Odds ratios (OR) ranged from 1.57 to 3.54 and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from 1.15 to 6.97 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), depending on the outcome. In addition, the level of RC was significantly higher among women with these conditions (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A nonlinear (L-shaped) association between RC and several outcomes, including heart disease, arthritis, cancer, diabetes, and high blood pressure, was observed. Mediation analysis suggested that blood RC explained 8.2%, 10.6%, 6.84%, 17.7%, and 12.5% of the association between childbirth history and these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Childbirth history was associated with multiple health outcomes in women, and RC may serve as a potential biomarker and partial mediator in these associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":"22 4","pages":"1948-1960"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13664253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149190849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetically inferred effects of brain structure and gene expression on neurodegenerative diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Sen Wang, Yiqun Lin, Yujie Che, Jiahang Zhao, Linyu Xu, Wen He, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.5114/aoms/219499","DOIUrl":"10.5114/aoms/219499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Against the backdrop of accelerating population aging, the risk of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) has risen significantly. While brain structure plays a critical role in NDDs, the interplay between them remains unclear. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate potential causal relationships between brain structure, region-specific gene expression, and four NDDs - Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS) - providing new directions and genetically informed hypotheses for disease research.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>MR analyses were conducted using inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and Wald ratio methods. Summary-data-based MR (SMR) was applied to identify brain genes influencing NDDs. We calculated F-statistics, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), odds ratios, and <i>p</i>-values. Sensitivity analyses included the heterogeneity <i>I²</i> statistic, Cochran's Q test, Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 512 unsupervised deep-learning imaging phenotypes (UDIPs) were analyzed. Thirty-four UDIPs showed associations consistent with a potential causal role in AD, 56 in PD, 22 in ALS, and 92 in MS. After false discovery rate (FDR) correction, 4 remained significant for AD and PD, 3 for ALS, and 28 for MS (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Brain regions (excluding the cervical spinal cord C-1) exhibited shared causal genetic features across all four NDDs, primarily involving HLA-class genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides genetic evidence suggestive of potential causal associations between UDIPs, brain gene expression, and NDDs. These findings offer genetically predicted evidence that may generate hypotheses and inform future mechanistic research into NDD pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":"22 3","pages":"1663-1677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative diagnostic value of transvaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for detecting placenta previa with coexisting placenta accreta spectrum in a scarred uterus.","authors":"Aihua Li, Xiaojie Liu, Zhiyong Tian","doi":"10.5114/aoms/225099","DOIUrl":"10.5114/aoms/225099","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":"22 3","pages":"1923-1925"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond traditional lipid markers: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with apolipoprotein B ratio - a novel biomarker for sarcopenia?","authors":"Alexandr Ceasovschih, Laurentiu Sorodoc, Maciej Banach","doi":"10.5114/aoms/225162","DOIUrl":"10.5114/aoms/225162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":"22 3","pages":"1335-1337"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bempedoic acid in a high-risk primary-prevention patient unable to take statins: a case-based approach.","authors":"Natalia Barańska, Jakub M Zimodro, Renata Główczyńska, Marcin Grabowski, Joanna Rogozik","doi":"10.5114/aoms/224766","DOIUrl":"10.5114/aoms/224766","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8278,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Science","volume":"22 3","pages":"1918-1922"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}