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Annual review of immunology最新文献

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Inflammatory Caspases: Toward a Unified Model for Caspase Activation by Inflammasomes. 炎性半胱天冬酶:炎性小体激活半胱天冬酶的统一模型。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-01-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-030653
Connie Ross, Amy H Chan, Jessica B von Pein, Madhavi P Maddugoda, Dave Boucher, Kate Schroder
{"title":"Inflammatory Caspases: Toward a Unified Model for Caspase Activation by Inflammasomes.","authors":"Connie Ross,&nbsp;Amy H Chan,&nbsp;Jessica B von Pein,&nbsp;Madhavi P Maddugoda,&nbsp;Dave Boucher,&nbsp;Kate Schroder","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-030653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-030653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammasomes are inflammatory signaling complexes that provide molecular platforms to activate the protease function of inflammatory caspases. Caspases-1, -4, -5, and -11 are inflammatory caspases activated by inflammasomes to drive lytic cell death and inflammatory mediator production, thereby activating host-protective and pathological immune responses. Here, we comprehensively review the mechanisms that govern the activity of inflammatory caspases. We discuss inflammatory caspase activation and deactivation mechanisms, alongside the physiological importance of caspase activity kinetics. We also examine mechanisms of caspase substrate selection and how inflammasome and cell identities influence caspase activity and resultant inflammatory and pyroptotic cellular programs. Understanding how inflammatory caspases are regulated may offer new strategies for treating infection and inflammasome-driven disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39737550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 37
Germinal Centers. 生发中心。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-120419-022408
Gabriel D Victora, Michel C Nussenzweig
{"title":"Germinal Centers.","authors":"Gabriel D Victora,&nbsp;Michel C Nussenzweig","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-120419-022408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-120419-022408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Germinal centers (GCs) are microanatomical sites of B cell clonal expansion and antibody affinity maturation. Therein, B cells undergo the Darwinian process of somatic diversification and affinity-driven selection of immunoglobulins that produces the high-affinity antibodies essential for effective humoral immunity. Here, we review recent developments in the field of GC biology, primarily as it pertains to GCs induced by infection or immunization. First, we summarize the phenotype and function of the different cell types that compose the GC, focusing on GC B cells. Then, we review the cellular and molecular bases of affinity-dependent selection within the GC and the export of memory and plasma cells. Finally, we present an overview of the emerging field of GC clonal dynamics, focusing on how GC and post-GC selection shapes the diversity of antibodies secreted into serum.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39884326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human Antibodies for Viral Infections. 人类病毒感染抗体。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041309
James E Crowe
{"title":"Human Antibodies for Viral Infections.","authors":"James E Crowe","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibodies have been used to prevent or treat viral infections since the nineteenth century, but the full potential to use passive immunization for infectious diseases has yet to be realized. The advent of efficient methods for isolating broad and potently neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies is enabling us to develop antibodies with unprecedented activities. The discovery of IgG Fc region modifications that extend antibody half-life in humans to three months or more suggests that antibodies could become the principal tool with which we manage future viral epidemics. Antibodies for members of most virus families that cause severe disease in humans have been isolated, and many of them are in clinical development, an area that has accelerated during the effort to prevent or treat COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). Broad and potently neutralizing antibodies are also important research reagents for identification of protective epitopes that can be engineered into active vaccines through structure-based reverse vaccinology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39884325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Tissue-Resident Immune Cells in Humans. 人类的组织驻留免疫细胞
IF 26.9 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-01-19 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-093019-112809
Joshua I Gray, Donna L Farber
{"title":"Tissue-Resident Immune Cells in Humans.","authors":"Joshua I Gray, Donna L Farber","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-093019-112809","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-093019-112809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue-resident immune cells span both myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages, have been found in multiple human tissues, and play integral roles at all stages of the immune response, from maintaining homeostasis to responding to infectious challenges to resolution of inflammation to tissue repair. In humans, studying immune cells and responses in tissues is challenging, although recent advances in sampling and high-dimensional profiling have provided new insights into the ontogeny, maintenance, and functional role of tissue-resident immune cells. Each tissue contains a specific complement of resident immune cells. Moreover, resident immune cells for each lineage share core properties, along with tissue-specific adaptations. Here we propose a five-point checklist for defining resident immune cell types in humans and describe the currently known features of resident immune cells, their mechanisms of development, and their putative functional roles within various human organs. We also consider these aspects of resident immune cells in the context of future studies and therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":26.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11194112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39831945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Functional Hallmarks of Healthy Macrophage Responses: Their Regulatory Basis and Disease Relevance. 健康巨噬细胞反应的功能标志：它们的调节基础和疾病相关性
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-031555
Katherine M Sheu, Alexander Hoffmann
{"title":"Functional Hallmarks of Healthy Macrophage Responses: Their Regulatory Basis and Disease Relevance.","authors":"Katherine M Sheu, Alexander Hoffmann","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-031555","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-031555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macrophages are first responders for the immune system. In this role, they have both effector functions for neutralizing pathogens and sentinel functions for alerting other immune cells of diverse pathologic threats, thereby initiating and coordinating a multipronged immune response. Macrophages are distributed throughout the body-they circulate in the blood, line the mucosal membranes, reside within organs, and survey the connective tissue. Several reviews have summarized their diverse roles in different physiological scenarios and in the initiation or amplification of different pathologies. In this review, we propose that both the effector and the sentinel functions of healthy macrophages rely on three hallmark properties: response specificity, context dependence, and stimulus memory. When these hallmark properties are diminished, the macrophage's biological functions are impaired, which in turn results in increased risk for immune dysregulation, manifested by immune deficiency or autoimmunity. We review the evidence and the molecular mechanisms supporting these functional hallmarks.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10074967/pdf/nihms-1878081.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9271460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emerging Functions of IL-33 in Homeostasis and Immunity. IL-33在体内平衡和免疫中的新功能。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-01-05 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-124243
Gaelen K Dwyer, Louise M D'Cruz, Hēth R Turnquist
{"title":"Emerging Functions of IL-33 in Homeostasis and Immunity.","authors":"Gaelen K Dwyer,&nbsp;Louise M D'Cruz,&nbsp;Hēth R Turnquist","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-124243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-124243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our understanding of the functions of the IL-1 superfamily cytokine and damage-associated molecular pattern IL-33 continues to evolve with our understanding of homeostasis and immunity. The early findings that IL-33 is a potent driver of type 2 immune responses promoting parasite expulsion, but also inflammatory diseases like allergy and asthma, have been further supported. Yet, as the importance of a type 2 response in tissue repair and homeostasis has emerged, so has the fundamental importance of IL-33 to these processes. In this review, we outline an evolving understanding of IL-33 immunobiology, paying particular attention to how IL-33 directs a network of ST2<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells, reparative and regulatory macrophages, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells that are fundamental to tissue development, homeostasis, and repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39663788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Spatiotemporal Adaptations of Macrophage and Dendritic Cell Development and Function. 巨噬细胞和树突状细胞发育和功能的时空适应性。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-02-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-031931
Antoine Roquilly, Justine D Mintern, Jose A Villadangos
{"title":"Spatiotemporal Adaptations of Macrophage and Dendritic Cell Development and Function.","authors":"Antoine Roquilly,&nbsp;Justine D Mintern,&nbsp;Jose A Villadangos","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-031931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-031931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macrophages and conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are distributed throughout the body, maintaining tissue homeostasis and tolerance to self and orchestrating innate and adaptive immunity against infection and cancer. As they complement each other, it is important to understand how they cooperate and the mechanisms that integrate their functions. Both are exposed to commensal microbes, pathogens, and other environmental challenges that differ widely among anatomical locations and over time. To adjust to these varying conditions, macrophages and cDCs acquire spatiotemporal adaptations (STAs) at different stages of their life cycle that determine how they respond to infection. The STAs acquired in response to previous infections can result in increased responsiveness to infection, termed training, or in reduced responses, termed paralysis, which in extreme cases can cause immunosuppression. Understanding the developmental stage and location where macrophages and cDCs acquire their STAs, and the molecular and cellular players involved in their induction, may afford opportunities to harness their beneficial outcomes and avoid or reverse their deleterious effects. Here we review our current understanding of macrophage and cDC development, life cycle, function, and STA acquisition before, during, and after infection.We propose a unified framework to explain how these two cell types adjust their activities to changing conditions over space and time to coordinate their immunosurveillance functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39773078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
T Cell Responses to the Microbiota. T 细胞对微生物群的反应。
IF 26.9 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-011829
Ivaylo I Ivanov, Timur Tuganbaev, Ashwin N Skelly, Kenya Honda
{"title":"T Cell Responses to the Microbiota.","authors":"Ivaylo I Ivanov, Timur Tuganbaev, Ashwin N Skelly, Kenya Honda","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-011829","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-011829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immune system employs recognition tools to communicate with its microbial evolutionary partner. Among all the methods of microbial perception, T cells enable the widest spectrum of microbial recognition resolution, ranging from the crudest detection of whole groups of microbes to the finest detection of specific antigens. The application of this recognition capability to the crucial task of combatting infections has been the focus of classical immunology. We now appreciate that the coevolution of the immune system and the microbiota has led to development of a lush immunological decision tree downstream of microbial recognition, of which an inflammatory response is but one branch. In this review we discuss known T cell-microbe interactions in the gut and place them in the context of an algorithmic framework of recognition, context-dependent interpretation, and response circuits across multiple levels of microbial recognition resolution. The malleability of T cells in response to the microbiota presents an opportunity to edit immune response cellularity, identity, and functionality by utilizing microbiota-controlled pathways to promote human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":26.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9296687/pdf/nihms-1823890.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9354672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eosinophil Knockout Humans: Uncovering the Role of Eosinophils Through Eosinophil-Directed Biological Therapies. 嗜酸性粒细胞敲除人类:通过嗜酸性粒细胞导向的生物疗法揭示嗜酸性粒细胞的作用。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-093019-125918
Elizabeth A Jacobsen, David J Jackson, Enrico Heffler, Sameer K Mathur, Albert J Bredenoord, Ian D Pavord, Praveen Akuthota, Florence Roufosse, Marc E Rothenberg
{"title":"Eosinophil Knockout Humans: Uncovering the Role of Eosinophils Through Eosinophil-Directed Biological Therapies.","authors":"Elizabeth A Jacobsen,&nbsp;David J Jackson,&nbsp;Enrico Heffler,&nbsp;Sameer K Mathur,&nbsp;Albert J Bredenoord,&nbsp;Ian D Pavord,&nbsp;Praveen Akuthota,&nbsp;Florence Roufosse,&nbsp;Marc E Rothenberg","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-093019-125918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-093019-125918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The enigmatic eosinophil has emerged as an exciting component of the immune system, involved in a plethora of homeostatic and inflammatory responses. Substantial progress has been achieved through experimental systems manipulating eosinophils in vivo, initially in mice and more recently in humans. Researchers using eosinophil knockout mice have identified a contributory role for eosinophils in basal and inflammatory processes and protective immunity. Primarily fueled by the purported proinflammatory role of eosinophils in eosinophil-associated diseases, a series of anti-eosinophil therapeutics have emerged as a new class of drugs. These agents, which dramatically deplete eosinophils, provide a valuable opportunity to characterize the consequences of eosinophil knockout humans. Herein, we comparatively describe mouse and human eosinophil knockouts. We put forth the view that human eosinophils negatively contribute to a variety of diseases and, unlike mouse eosinophils, do not yet have an identified role in physiological health; thus, clarifying all roles of eosinophils remains an ongoing pursuit.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8317994/pdf/nihms-1721148.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9517653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 55
IL-17 in the Pathogenesis of Disease: Good Intentions Gone Awry. IL-17在疾病发病机制中的作用:善意的曲解。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2021-04-26 Epub Date: 2021-02-12 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101819-092536
Saikat Majumder, Mandy J McGeachy
{"title":"IL-17 in the Pathogenesis of Disease: Good Intentions Gone Awry.","authors":"Saikat Majumder,&nbsp;Mandy J McGeachy","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101819-092536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101819-092536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The IL-17 family is an evolutionarily old cytokine family consisting of six members (IL-17A through IL-17F). IL-17 family cytokines signal through heterodimeric receptors that include the shared IL-17RA subunit, which is widely expressed throughout the body on both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. The founding family member, IL-17A, is usually referred to as IL-17 and has received the most attention for proinflammatory roles in autoimmune diseases like psoriasis. However, IL-17 is associated with a wide array of diseases with perhaps surprisingly variable pathologies. This review focuses on recent advances in the roles of IL-17 during health and in disease pathogenesis. To decipher the functions of IL-17 in diverse disease processes it is useful to first consider the physiological functions that IL-17 contributes to health. We then discuss how these beneficial functions can be diverted toward pathogenic amplification of deleterious pathways driving chronic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8603601/pdf/nihms-1754128.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25362286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 45
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