Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Feasibility of Assessment of Habitual Salt Intake Using a 24-h Urinary Salt Excretion Self-Measuring Device.","authors":"Nozomi Morikawa, Kotaro Yamasue, Osamu Tochikubo","doi":"10.1159/000540797","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To assess habitual salt intake, tools are needed to measure 24-h urinary salt excretion repeatedly. We developed and validated a new portable salt monitor, which measures salt excreted per urination and sums the values to provide an accurate estimate of urinary salt excretion over 24 h.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A previously developed salt monitor was improved with respect to the capacity, volume sensors, and equation for urinary sodium chloride concentration estimation. In 20 healthy Japanese female volunteers, 24-h urinary salt excretion was measured using the salt monitor and a conventional 24-h urine collection method on eight nonconsecutive days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In a total of 157 days, there were no fixed or proportional errors between the methods. The mean salt intake over 8 days was 8.5 ± 2.0 g/day for the 24-h urine collection and 8.3 ± 2.3 g/day for the salt monitor, showing a strong correlation (r = 0.912, p < 0.001). At a cut-off value of 6 g, the salt monitor was able to completely classify individuals by habitual salt intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The validity of the new salt monitor was confirmed. The device can be considered an alternative to the traditional 24-h urine collection for repeated surveys and self-management of daily salt intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"307-314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141915930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Inflammation, Glycocalyx Biomarkers, and Endothelial Function in Children with Hypercholesterolemia.","authors":"Belén Pastor-Villaescusa, Julia Meier, Fabienne Ruske, Christine Prell, Juliane Gruenzner, Miriam Koenig, André Jakob, Berthold Koletzko, Claudia Nussbaum","doi":"10.1159/000536042","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for premature arteriosclerosis. Inflammation and oxidative stress are thought to contribute to endothelial dysfunction preceding vasculopathy. We investigated the association between inflammation, glycocalyx biomarkers, endothelial function, and vascular parameters in children with hypercholesterolemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 22 patients (LDL-cholesterol &gt;130 mg/dL; median age [IQR]: 13 [2.3] years) and 22 controls (13 [2.5] years), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), oxidized cholesterol (oxLDL), and glycocalyx biomarkers (Syndecan-1, Hyaluronan) were measured using immunoassays. Endothelial function was assessed by peripheral arterial tonometry, sublingual glycocalyx and microcirculation by videomicroscopy and carotid intima-media thickness by ultrasound.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OxLDL was significantly higher in patients (78.9 [38.2] vs. 50.3 [16.6] U/L, p = 0.002), whereas all other experimental parameters were comparable between groups. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association of Syndecan-1 with TNF-α (β = 0.75, p &lt; 0.001) and with hypercholesterolemia (β = 0.31, p = 0.030). The interaction term combining TNF-α and hypercholesterolemia showed a significant effect (p = 0.034). Sex was an independent predictor of endothelial function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined effect of hypercholesterolemia and inflammation on glycocalyx perturbation and the impact of sex in the premature development of arteriosclerosis deserve further evaluation. Therapeutic approaches tackling low-grade systemic inflammation may offer potential to prevent or delay progression of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"260-267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139691077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BMI Z-Score (SDS) versus Calculated Body Fat Percentage: Association with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Obese Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Christine Joisten, Stefanie Wessely, Nicole Prinz, Susanna Wiegand, Bettina Gohlke, Sabine Keiser, Paula Moliterno, Jens Nielinger, Gabriel Torbahn, Hagen Wulff, Reinhard W Holl","doi":"10.1159/000535216","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>BMI or BMI-standardized deviation score (SDS) in children and adolescents is still the standard for weight classification. [BMJ. 2019;366:4293] developed a formula to calculate body fat percentage (%BF) based on age, sex, height, weight, and ethnicity. Using data from the German/Austrian APV registry, we investigated whether the calculated %BF is superior to BMI-SDS in predicting arterial hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and impaired glucose metabolism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>94,586 children and adolescents were included (12.5 years, 48.3% male). Parental birth country (BC) was used to depict ethnicity (15.8% migration background); 95.67% were assigned to the ethnicity \"white.\" %BF was calculated based on the Hudda formula. The relationship between BMI-SDS or %BF quartiles and outcome variables was investigated by logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, and migration background. Vuong test was applied to analyse predictive power.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>58.4% had arterial hypertension, 33.5% had dyslipidaemia, and 11.6% had impaired glucose metabolism. Boys were significantly more often affected, although girls had higher calculated %BF (each p &lt; 0.05). After adjustment, both models revealed significant differences between the quartiles (all p &lt; 0.001). The predictive power of BMI-SDS was superior to %BF for all three comorbidities (all p &lt; 0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The prediction of cardiometabolic comorbidities by calculated %BF was not superior to BMI-SDS. This formula developed in a British population may not be suitable for a central European population, which is applicable to this possibly less heterogeneous collective. Additional parameters, especially puberty status, should be taken into account. However, objective determinations such as bioimpedance analysis may possibly be superior to assess fat mass and cardiometabolic risk than calculated %BF.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10857797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138827946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective Effects of Intermittent Fasting in the Aging Brain.","authors":"Hao Dong, Shiyan Wang, Chenji Hu, Mao Wang, Tao Zhou, Yue Zhou","doi":"10.1159/000538782","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A major risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders is old age. Nutritional interventions that delay aging, such as calorie restriction (CR) and intermittent fasting (IF), as well as pharmaceuticals that affect the pathways linking nutrition and aging processes, have been developed in recent decades and have been shown to alleviate the effects of aging on the brain.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>CR is accomplished by alternating periods of ad libitum feeding and fasting. In animal models, IF has been shown to increase lifespan and slow the progression and severity of age-related pathologies such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. According to recent research, dietary changes can help older people with dementia retain brain function. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of IF on the aging brain and related questions in this area of study (i.e., the potential of IF to treat neurodegenerative disorders) remain to be examined.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review addresses the hypothesis that IF may have translational potential in protecting the aged brain while summarizing the research supporting the putative neuroprotective mechanisms of IF in animal models. Additionally, given the emerging understanding of the connection between aging and dementia, our investigations may offer a fresh perspective on the use of dietary interventions for enhancing brain function and preventing dementia in elderly individuals. Finally, the absence of guidelines regarding the application of IF in patients hampers its broad utilization in clinical practice, and further studies are needed to improve our knowledge of the long-term effects of IF on dementia before it can be widely prescribed. In conclusion, IF may be an ancillary intervention for preserving memory and cognition in elderly individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"175-185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can We Do More? The Importance and Pitfalls of Implementing Digital Tools in the Treatment of Childhood Obesity.","authors":"Maurane Desmet, Tiffany Naets, Caroline Braet","doi":"10.1159/000541203","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"331-333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety Profile of Lipid Emulsion in Clinical Practice: A Pharmacovigilance Study Using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.","authors":"Akira Okada, Shoji Sera, Koki Takeda, Naomi Nagai","doi":"10.1159/000540111","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lipid emulsion preparations, known for their clinical utility, are associated with various adverse events related to lipid metabolism. In this study, we analyzed the safety profile of lipid emulsions in clinical practice, using a real-world database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database was used to retrieve adverse events associated with lipid emulsion use. The risk of adverse events was evaluated based on the reported odds ratio and time-to-onset analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,430 relevant adverse event reports were identified. Hepatic dysfunction tended to occur in the early stages after administration, regardless of the lipid emulsion type. The incidence of hepatic dysfunction varies depending on the triglyceride content of the administered lipid emulsion. Infection tended to occur in the early stages of lipid emulsion administration; however, the incidence did not significantly differ depending on triglyceride content.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study revealed adverse lipid emulsion events, indicating the need for comprehensive safety management, particularly in the early stages, for clinical use. Particularly, patients receiving parenteral nutrition, irrespective of lipid emulsion administration, necessitate thorough monitoring of liver function and triglyceride levels and reassessment of infusion rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"253-259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"14th EFAD Congress: \"Dietetic care, a human right: moving forward into a new era\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000535909","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535909","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"37-56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139511636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Therapeutic Lifestyle Change Diet Intervention to Improve Biochemical Markers of Cardiovascular Diseases in HIV-Infected Patients with Dyslipidemia.","authors":"Alongkote Singhato, Uraiporn Booranasuksakul, Somjet Khongkhon, Narisa Rueangsri","doi":"10.1159/000538578","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This randomized controlled trial study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) diet intervention by the registered dietitians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-two people living with HIV (PLHIV) with dyslipidemia were randomly allocated to the intervention group as well as another 82 PLHIV with dyslipidemia to the control group. Participants in the intervention group were instructed to meet the registered dietitians every 2 weeks at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, and 12 (a totally of 12 weeks) to receive individual medical nutrition therapy according to the TLC diet principles, while the participants in the control group only received routine health care service.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group at the endpoint (p &lt; 0.05). In addition, these biomarkers and C-reactive protein of the intervention group were significantly lower when compared with their baseline (p &lt; 0.05). The overall dietary habits of participants in the intervention group were significantly improved at the end of the study (p &lt; 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The medical nutrition therapy intervention based on the TLC diet is effective in improving blood lipid profiles among PLHIV with dyslipidemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"202-210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion Interventions on Child Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Sarah Dib, Frankie Joy Fair, Lucy Jane McCann, Antonia Nicholls, Anastasia Z Kalea, Hora Soltani, Mary Fewtrell","doi":"10.1159/000535564","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Interventions promoting exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) may benefit infant health outcomes, but evidence is inconsistent. The objective of this review was to assess the effect of interventions promoting EBF on health outcomes in infants and children under 7 years of age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted using EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform from inception to April 2022. Inclusion criteria were randomized or cluster-randomized controlled trials aiming to increase EBF that reported effects on offspring growth, morbidity, and/or mortality up to age 7 years. The primary outcome was infant/child growth. Secondary outcomes were infant morbidity and mortality and EBF rates. Data were pooled using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-two studies (40 papers) were identified. No effect on infant/child growth was observed. EBF promotion interventions significantly improved EBF rates up to 6 months (n = 25; OR 3.15; 95% CI: 2.36, 4.19) and significantly reduced the odds of respiratory illness at 0-3 months by 59% (n = 2; OR 0.41; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.84) but not at later time-points. A borderline significant effect was observed for diarrhea (n = 12; OR 0.84; 95% CI: 0.70, 1.00). Effects on hospitalizations or mortality were not significant.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>EBF promotion interventions improve EBF rates and might yield modest reductions in infant morbidity without affecting infant/child growth. Future studies should investigate the cost-effectiveness of these interventions and examine potential benefits on other health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"57-73"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10997242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138486558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000538789","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538789","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"172-174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}