Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Safety, Compliance, and Efficacy of Prehabilitation in Obese Patients with Gastric Cancer Undergoing Minimally Invasive Gastrectomy: A Pilot Prospective Study.","authors":"Kazuyuki Okada, Tatsuto Nishigori, Koya Hida, Shigeo Hisamori, Shigeru Tsunoda, Shintaro Okumura, Yoshiro Itatani, Nobuaki Hoshino, Keiko Kasahara, Ryosuke Okamura, Kazutaka Obama","doi":"10.1159/000546976","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: Excessive visceral fat area is a risk factor for postoperative complications in gastric cancer patients undergoing minimally invasive gastrectomy. This prospective pilot study aimed to evaluate the safety, compliance, and efficacy of prehabilitation in obese patients with gastric cancer who were scheduled to undergo curative gastrectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with a preoperative visceral fat area ≥100 cm2 who were scheduled to undergo curative minimally invasive gastrectomy for stage I-III gastric cancer were included. The patients were instructed to walk 10,000 steps per day and consume a low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet without energy restrictions for 1 month before surgery. The primary outcome was the visceral fat area reduction rate, and clinical significance was set at a 10% reduction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen patients were enrolled in the study, and no adverse events were observed. The mean number of steps per day was 10,572. The mean exercise time greater than or equal to moderate intensity was 42.3 min per day, and 88% of the patients completed the 1-month intervention. Although the skeletal muscle mass was preserved, the visceral fat area reduced by 17% (95% confidence interval: 11%-24%, p = 0.039).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prehabilitation can safely reduce visceral fat area before performing minimally invasive gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer who are obese. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"319-327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12334139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cord Blood Metabolite Profiles and Childhood Cardio-Metabolic Outcomes in a Population-Based Cohort.","authors":"Christin Kaupper, Sophia Blaauwendraad, Romy Gaillard, Berthold V Koletzko, Vincent Jaddoe","doi":"10.1159/000543697","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adverse exposures in utero might cause adaptations of cardiovascular and metabolic organ development, predisposing individuals to an adverse cardio-metabolic risk profile from childhood onwards. We hypothesized that adaptations in metabolic pathways underlie these associations and examined associations of metabolite profiles at birth with childhood cardio-metabolic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 763 mother-child pairs participating in an ongoing population-based prospective cohort study with an overall low disease risk. Cord blood serum concentrations of amino acids (AAs), nonesterified fatty acids, phospholipids and carnitines (Carn) were obtained using a liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass-spectrometry. We measured android/gynoid fat mass ratio, blood pressure, insulin, and lipid concentrations at the children's age of 5.9 (0.3) and 9.8 (0.9) years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We did not observe associations of cord blood metabolites with systolic or diastolic blood pressure, insulin, triglycerides, and android/gynoid fat mass ratio at both ages and cardio-metabolic risk clustering at age 10 years. Five short- and medium-chain Carn.a metabolites were positively associated with cardio-metabolic risk clustering at age 6 but did not survive more stringent confounder adjustment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No consistent associations between cord blood metabolites and cardiovascular risk factors at school age were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"171-179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12136506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Enteral Nutrition Adequacy in Patients Hospitalised in Adult Intensive Care Units: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ekmel Burak Özşenel, Güldan Kahveci, Selma Dağci, Fatma Beyaz, Sema Basat","doi":"10.1159/000544741","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the principles of intensive care, nutritional support is an important part of critical care. This study was conducted to evaluate the adequacy of enteral nutrition in patients hospitalised in adult intensive care units.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was designed as a cross-sectional study, and it was carried out on 124 patients who received enteral nutrition in the adult intensive care unit of a training and research hospital between March 1, 2022, and April 1, 2022. Patients who received parenteral nutrition during the 1-month follow-up were excluded from the study. The study used the enteral nutrition information form and the baseline NRS-2002 score. Energy needs of patients were calculated by Schofield method and addition of stress factors. Daily energy intake was recorded for each patient every day during hospitalisation. Backward stepwise logistic regression analysis, Shapiro-Wilk, Student's t, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn-Bonferroni, Pearson chi-squared, and Fisher's exact tests were used to evaluate the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age of the patients was 70.9 ± 16.7 years (range 21-98), and 58.9% were male. The mean baseline NRS-2002 score was 5.88 ± 1.23. Enteral nutrition started an average of 2.4 ± 2.2 days (range 0-18) after ICU hospitalisation. The mean target energy intake according to Schofield method was 1,772.9 ± 284.3 kcal, while the actual intake was 1,463.5 ± 386.2 kcal. Only 37.1% of patients achieved the target dose, taking an average of 4.5 ± 4.2 days (1-20) to reach it. In 25% of patients, feeding was interrupted due to residual volumes exceeding 500 mL, with 54.8% of these receiving hypercaloric products. Patients with neurological and cardiac diagnoses had significantly higher rates of reaching the target dose (p = 0.001), while those with interruptions due to high residual volumes had lower rates (p = 0.003). Finally, the overall mortality rate was 59.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than half of the patients did not meet the goals set for enteral nutrition therapy. A lower baseline NRS-2002 score and low energy requirements facilitated goal attainment. Patients with cardiac or neurological conditions were more likely to reach the target nutritional dose. However, those fed with hypercaloric products experienced more interruptions due to excess residue and achieved the nutritional target less frequently.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"80-87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Drug-Food Thickening Agents' Interactions between Warfarin and Prebiotics Used for Viscosity Adjustment.","authors":"Hitomi Wakabayashi, Koji Karasawa, Matoka Okamoto, Masahiro Chiba, Katsumi Tanaka","doi":"10.1159/000543532","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prebiotics are widely used in nutritional supplements, with water-soluble dietary fibers used as thickeners for patients with swallowing difficulties. Interactions between thickeners and medications have been reported; however, the effects of thickeners on warfarin remain unclear. Here, we examined the interaction between warfarin and thickeners through clinical and basic research studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical research study evaluated the effects of combining warfarin and thickeners on blood coagulation, while the basic research study measured the impact of different prebiotics and mixing with gastric and intestinal fluids on warfarin concentration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The clinical research study showed no significant differences in the patients' prothrombin time-international normalized ratio and Warfarin Sensitivity Index (WSI) before and after the combination. However, the WSI decreased postcombination in half of the patients. Meanwhile, in the basic research study, a concentration-dependent decrease in the residual rate of warfarin was observed with xanthan gum, guar gum, and pectin. When mixed with artificial gastric and intestinal fluids, the residual rate decreased with xanthan and guar gum in gastric fluid and with pectin in intestinal fluid.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thickeners primarily composed of xanthan gum, guar gum, and pectin may reduce the effectiveness of warfarin due to drug-food interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"163-170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life and Psychological Changes in Bariatric Surgery: An Observational Study.","authors":"Beatriz Ramos-Bachiller, Juan J López-Gómez, Susana García-Calvo, Beatriz Torres-Torres, David Primo-Martín, Pilar Pinto-Fuentes, David Pacheco-Sánchez, Fernando Uribe Ladrón de Cegama, Daniel A De Luis","doi":"10.1159/000540012","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Candidates for bariatric surgery may have psychiatric disorders that must be evaluated. The aim of this study was to describe the psychological state and quality of life (QoL) of patients with obesity awaiting bariatric surgery prior to surgical procedure and 1 year after surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A longitudinal retrospective observational study was carried out in 71 patients awaiting bariatric surgery. Anthropometric data were collected, and the following were evaluated before and 1 year after the intervention: 44 patients were evaluated to rule out personality disorder, using the Salamanca Questionnaire of Personality Disorders; eating disorder, with the Bulimia Test of Edinburgh (BITE); depression, using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); and 71 patients were evaluated QoL, with the \"36-Item Short Form Health Survey\" (SF-36).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 34.1% (n = 15) of patients presented personality disorder (group B most frequent). A total of 31.8% (n = 14) obtained scores suggesting anomalous food behavior (6.8%, n = 3 severe). According to the BDI, 43.2% (n = 19) showed low mood prior to the intervention. Lower scores were obtained when evaluating QoL for physical functioning (physical function: 56.81 ± 24.9; physical problems: 66.76 ± 37.64). One year after the intervention, QoL improved in those patients who underwent the sleeve gastrectomy (SG).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with bariatric surgery more frequently presented with type B and C personalities. One year after bariatric surgery, an improvement in QoL test was observed. Patients who underwent SG technique showed better mean scores than those after biliopancreatic diversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water-Soluble Vitamins Stability by Robust Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.","authors":"Wei Luo, Danchen Wang, Yueming Tang, Qian Cheng, Xiaoli Ma, Songlin Yu, Ling Qiu","doi":"10.1159/000541587","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541587","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The measurement of water-soluble vitamins is essential to diagnose and monitor various vitamin deficiencies. Establishing stability limits for these vitamins is crucial to ensure accurate laboratory testing. This study aimed to assess the stability of commonly measured water-soluble vitamins under different storage conditions to improve the accuracy of water-soluble vitamins measurement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The stability of thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinamide, pantothenic acid, pyridoxic acid and pyridoxal, biotin, 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-MTHF), and ascorbic acid was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We investigated some pre-analytical factors: the effect of different storage temperatures and times variation between serum and plasma samples, and the impact of ice bath on the sample before centrifugation. We evaluated stability based on differences from the baseline.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Thiamine, pyridoxal, and ascorbic acid in serum exhibited instability at room temperature and 2-8°C. Riboflavin and 5-MTHF in serum were only stable for up to 48 and 72 h at 2-8°C. However, when stored at -20°C, all water-soluble vitamins remained stable for up to 72 h, whereas at -80°C, stability was maintained for up to 7 days. All vitamins in whole blood, except nicotinamide, were stable for up to 2-4 h when stored in an ice bath.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Water-soluble vitamins, such as thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxal, and ascorbic acid, are unstable at room temperature and 2-8°C. All vitamins were stable for up to 7 days and stored at -80°C. The ice bath improved the stability of whole blood samples before centrifugation. Thus, laboratories should ensure appropriate storage conditions to maintain pre-analytical quality for vitamin measurements.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The measurement of water-soluble vitamins is essential to diagnose and monitor various vitamin deficiencies. Establishing stability limits for these vitamins is crucial to ensure accurate laboratory testing. This study aimed to assess the stability of commonly measured water-soluble vitamins under different storage conditions to improve the accuracy of water-soluble vitamins measurement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The stability of thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinamide, pantothenic acid, pyridoxic acid and pyridoxal, biotin, 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-MTHF), and ascorbic acid was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We investigated some pre-analytical factors: the effect of different storage temperatures and times variation between serum and plasma samples, and the impact of ice bath on the sample before centrifugation. We evaluated stability based on differences from the baseline.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Thiamine, pyridoxal, and ascorbic acid in serum exhibited instability at room temperature and 2-8°C. Riboflavin and 5-MTHF in serum were on","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"32-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142340067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Differences of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Children and Adolescents from Mexico City and Metropolitan Area.","authors":"Diana Montiel-Ojeda, Desiree Lopez-Gonzalez, Miguel Ángel Guagnelli, Lucía Méndez Sánchez, Patricia Clark","doi":"10.1159/000542467","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency is associated with bone metabolism and immune disorders. Radiation's seasonal variation affects vitamin D status more at the poles. In Mexico, near the equator, there have been reports of 10-20% vitamin D deficiency in children. There is no consensus on the definition of vitamin D deficiency, different organizations consider that a vitamin D level should be above 20-30 ng/mL. This study aimed to analyze vitamin D serum concentrations in children and adolescents from Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area (MA) during different seasons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study in children and adolescents aged 5-20 years from Mexico City and Metropolitan Area, from autumn 2016 to winter 2017. Variables of interest such as anthropometric measurements, food consumption, and physical activity were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 816 children and adolescents were included. A high frequency of vitamin D deficiency was detected in 40.7% of the sample. The lowest vitamin D status occurred in winter 2016 and winter 2017.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found a higher frequency of vitamin D deficiency during winter in children and adolescents in Mexico City and MA. This risk persisted after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index Z-score, milk consumption, physical activity, and screen time.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"61-67"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12011372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Patient Sleep before Surgery: The Case for Sleep Prehabilitation.","authors":"Daniel Sibley, Marc Sicova, Mandeep Singh, Ian Randall, Daniel Santa Mina","doi":"10.1159/000547974","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Background: Sleep health includes quality, quantity, and timing of sleep and is negatively affected by surgery. Poor preoperative sleep health is associated with worse surgical outcomes, including greater morbidity and hospital length of stay. Summary: In this narrative review, we describe the rationale and supporting evidence for preoperative sleep interventions (i.e., sleep prehabilitation) to improve perioperative outcomes. Our review highlights the link between impaired sleep health and surgical outcomes via several mechanisms including chronic, systemic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, and cognitive function. Instruments and intervention strategies to measure and improve sleep health, respectively, are discussed. Key Messages: We conclude with sleep prehabilitation recommendations and identify research priorities for the field. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"357-371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition for Optimal Lactation.","authors":"Otilia Perichart-Perera","doi":"10.1159/000541757","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding is the ideal method of feeding for all newborns and is associated with multiple positive health outcomes. Human milk provides all essential nutrients and bioactive molecules needed for optimal infant health and development. Maternal nutrition during lactation plays an important role in supporting breastfeeding and in preventing nutrition and metabolic imbalances. The aim of this narrative review was to describe the most prevalent nutrition issues in lactating women and provide a summary of current diet recommendations as well as controversies on supplementation, in order to facilitate the information for clinicians and health professionals.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Breastfeeding is a nutritionally demanding stage and adequate nutrition is key to avoid alterations in maternal nutritional status, to produce an adequate quantity of milk with good quality, and to avoid nutrition programming of diseases. Anemia and vitamin D, A, iodine, and iron deficiencies are common, while obesity and metabolic diseases keep rising. Inadequate maternal intake of many nutrients is also frequent in this stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"33-44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-Based Diet Mitigated the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Overweight Individuals.","authors":"Ko-Lin Kuo, Yi-Chou Hou, Kuo-Hsien Tseng, I-Shiang Tzeng, Wen-Hsin Tsai, Hao-Wen Liu, Jia-Sin Liu, Kuan-Cheng Kuo, Yen-Chun Lai, Kuo-Cheng Lu, I-Hsin Lin, Ko-Lin Kuo","doi":"10.1159/000545953","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Being overweight, with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25, is associated with multiple comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). A plant-based diet, such as a vegetarian or lacto-ovo vegetarian diet, serves as a preventive strategy for CKD in patients. We hypothesized that a vegetarian diet lowers the occurrence of CKD in overweight subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The retrospective study was performed in Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital by a self-paid health exam. Age younger than 40 years old and the subjects without sufficient biochemical or hematologic results were excluded. The incidence of CKD was evaluated according to the self-reported eating habits (vegetarians, lacto-ovo vegetarians, or omnivores), overweight (with a BMI ≥25 or higher abdominal circumference [>90 cm in males or >80 cm in females]) or not, or other biochemical or hematologic parameters. The interaction between different factors for the development of CKD was analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among these 6,567 subjects, the subjects with lacto-ovo vegetarian diet had a lower incidence of CKD than those with other dietary habits such as vegans and omnivores. The incidence of overweight was the highest in the omnivore group. The lacto-ovo vegetarian group had a lower risk of CKD occurrence than the omnivore group. After adjusting for age and sex in SEM, the lacto-ovo vegetarian diet lowered the risk of CKD for those with a high BMI or a higher triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lacto-ovo vegetarian dietary habits are associated with a lower occurrence of CKD in obese patients. The mitigating effect of the lacto-ovo vegetarian diet was due to the hazard of a higher BMI and TG/HDL ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"301-310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}