{"title":"Improved diffuse interface-immersed boundary method for three-dimensional multiphase fluids–structure interaction with moving contact lines","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the realm of numerical algorithms for investigating interactions between multiphase fluids and structure, the accurate computation of moving contact lines (MCLs) dynamics and the substantial computational resource demands bring challenges in three-dimensional simulations. In this study, an improved diffuse interface-immersed boundary method is proposed to efficiently investigate three-dimensional multiphase fluids–structure interactions. The present work commences with the development of the explicit correction scheme and the simplified Dirac function coefficient, designed to efficiently implement the immersed boundary technique. To validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method, the simulations of water entry and exit for a half-buoyant sphere are carried out, which conclusively demonstrate that the proposed method offers significant advantages in terms of both efficiency and accuracy, faithfully capturing the dynamic response of solid structures and the substantial deformation of free surfaces at the three-dimensional scale. Additionally, a comparative analysis of the results obtained using the proposed method for the free water exit of a hollow sphere against previous experimental data is conducted, highlighting the promising potential of the proposed method for applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8261,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ocean Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142002303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interpretation of the global tsunami amplitude distribution due to the air pressure waves from the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha`apai volcanic eruption","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>How can the global tsunami amplitude distribution caused by the air pressure waves from the 2022 Tonga eruption be explained? We first propose estimation formulas expressing the maximum possible amplitude and resonance distance of air pressure tsunamis. The estimation formulas clarify both the static and dynamic effects of air pressure waves in the Proudman resonance. Then, based on these formulas, we present hazard maps of the world's oceans for different air pressure wave speeds, considering the water depths. The maps also indicate the excitation length on each air pressure wave path. Using the maps, we can identify ocean regions that trigger tsunamis in response to both air pressure wave speed and period, and therefore explain the global tsunami amplitude distribution, as well as the appearance time of the maximum tide level fluctuations. We also discuss the air pressure tsunamis caused by the historical eruptions. This study will provide information on the sea areas which will generate tsunamis, including meteotsunamis, when air pressure waves occur in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8261,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ocean Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydro-acoustic optimization of propellers: A review of design methods","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, the escalation of anthropogenic noise within marine environments has become a pressing ecological concern. Despite the proliferation of guidelines aimed at mitigating this issue, their adoption remains non-compulsory. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) advocates for noise reduction through the refinement of propeller design and heightened research to curtail acoustic emissions, ensuring that such measures do not compromise propulsive efficiency. This review delves into the array of strategies devised to attenuate noise pollution. It scrutinizes the methodologies employed to evaluate the hydroacoustic attributes of propellers, including experimental and computational approaches. Furthermore, it summarizes the techniques employed in the multiobjective optimization of propellers, which involves balancing the maximization of efficiency against the minimization of noise emission. The findings highlight the necessity for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to the hydroacoustic optimization of marine propellers, encompassing cavitation experiments and advanced numerical simulations. In the field of propeller optimization, the traditional reliance on genetic algorithms is giving way to the adoption of neural networks and surrogate models derived from computational fluid dynamics data, particularly when addressing complex, nonlinear phenomena such as hydro-acoustics and cavitation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8261,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ocean Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141118724002797/pdfft?md5=8f39381f0067ccd99390f92df2dfbe55&pid=1-s2.0-S0141118724002797-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental investigation of flow and sediment transport on an equilibrium beach formed by surging breaker","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flow patterns and sediment transport induced by breaking waves on a beach profile have been studied in a laboratory wave flume. Two parallel experiments were conducted on the same profiled rigid bed and sediment (mobile) bed, each subjected to identical wave forcing. The rigid bed experiments include measurements of bed shear stress and water-surface elevation, while the sediment bed experiments involve the measurement of pore-water pressures. The beach profile features a beach step leading to the generation of a hydraulic jump at the end of the rundown phase and accordingly forms a backwash vortex. The bed shear stress measurements revealed that the maximum onshore directed mean bed shear stress occurs after the wave breaking whereas the offshore directed one occurs during rundown at the same section. The increase of the bed shear stress with respect to that in the approaching wave boundary layer during the wave breaking and hydraulic jump processes can be by as much as a factor of 13 and 4, respectively. The effect of the wave breaking on turbulence is also more pronounced by a factor of 2.2 than the hydraulic jump in terms of r.m.s values of the fluctuating component of the bed shear stress. The pore pressure measurements showed that the vortex generated during the wave breaking creates an impulsive, upward-directed pressure gradient force that can be up to 1.2 times the submerged weight of the sediment. The sediment transport occurs in the sheet flow regime in a large part of the beach profile. The turbulence generated by the backwash vortex and the hydraulic jump at the beach step directly impacts the local sediment suspension which serves as the source for the advected sediment in the swash zone. The results are compared with a previous study that used the same methodology but involved plunging waves and the initial bed profile.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8261,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ocean Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141993395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Leveraging deep learning for coastal monitoring: A VGG16-based approach to spectral and textural classification of coastal areas with sentinel-2A data","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal ecosystems are vital for the planet's health, providing essential habitats for diverse species and supporting human communities. However, these complex environments face increasing threats from climate change and human activities. Effective monitoring of these areas requires large-scale, efficient, and accurate methods. This study explores the potential of deep learning for automated coastal land cover classification using Sentinel-2A satellite imagery on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. We investigate the impact of transfer learning and spectral band combinations on classification accuracy for five coastal types: artificial, bedrock, sandy, muddy, and vegetation-covered. Our findings demonstrate that a pre-trained VGG16 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with transfer learning significantly improves classification accuracy (average 19.3% increase) compared to using default weights. Notably, including the near-infrared (NIR) band in training data leads to superior results, particularly for artificial and bedrock coastlines, where the NIR band's effectiveness in separating land-water boundaries enhances classification accuracy. These results highlight the potential of deep learning for large-scale, automated coastal monitoring, informing applications in sustainable fisheries management, coastal vulnerability assessment, and marine ecosystem conservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8261,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ocean Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On-bottom stability of a radial fin integrated surface-laid pipe-section against vertical penetration","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focuses on the on-bottom stability of surface-laid submarine pipelines during vertical penetration under thermal-induced buckling. Submarine pipelines are susceptible to buckling due to their high slenderness ratio, and the resistance to such displacement relies on pipeline stiffness and soil resistance. To investigate this, laboratory model tests were conducted using a scaled-down pipe section placed on a clay bed. The clay bed was prepared with remoulded Kaolin clay, ensuring uniform moisture content, and the model pipe was scaled down from a typical industry prototype. These tests were conducted in 2D plane strain conditions within a tank, equipped with observation windows to monitor pipe movement and soil behaviour. A significant improvement in the pipe section's penetration resistance and on-bottom stability was observed after incorporating fin in the pipe. The addition of fins altered the earth pressure distribution beneath the vertically loaded pipe, leading to a larger failure mechanism in the adjacent soil. Furthermore, the soil-surface-heaving progressed towards the tank wall with increasing angular distance between the radial fins. Thus, the research demonstrated the effectiveness of radial fins in enhancing the stability and resistance of submarine pipelines against vertical penetration, shedding light on potential improvements in submarine pipeline design and deployment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8261,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ocean Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141990633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Viscous and nonlinear effects on Helmholtz resonance in a gap induced by waves","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Viscous and nonlinear effects on the gap resonance between a deep-draft hull and a vertical wall are investigated numerically, with particular attention to the low-frequency response, i.e., Helmholtz resonance. Viscous-flow computations indicate that the free-surface response in the gap initially increases and then decreases as the hull draft-to-depth ratio varies from 0.4 to 0.98. Conditions in which there is near complete dissipation and minimal wave reflection (i.e., <em>K</em><sub><em>d</em></sub> = 0.99, <em>K<sub>r</sub></em> = 0.07) are identified and the effect of wave height is evaluated. Vorticity contours are used to study the flow field between the hull and boundaries. Significant flow blockage is shown to occur when the hull approaches the bottom boundary, attenuating the gap resonance. In this case, full development of these vortices and water transport into and out of the gap is restricted, leading to increased wave reflection. Numerical simulations for various incident wave heights demonstrate that the Helmholtz resonance still results in substantial wave dissipation (i.e., <em>K</em><sub><em>d</em></sub> > 0.89), which is in contrast to the behaviour observed for conventional gap problems. The findings may inform innovative designs for long wave absorbing breakwaters and Oscillating Water Column devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8261,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ocean Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Configuration design of a steel double lazy wave riser based on metamodel-assisted metaheuristic algorithms","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents an approach to the configuration design of a steel double lazy wave riser. Considering the length of each segment and arrangement parameters of buoyancy blocks as design variables, the objectives are to minimize the maximum static stress, horizontal motion scope, and maximum standard deviation of dynamic stress, respectively. A self-developed program was established to calculate the riser dynamics in a fully coupled platform/mooring/riser system. An improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) that can handle both continuous and discrete design variables was proposed to automatically find the optimal solution. Feedforward Neural Networks (FNNs) corresponding were embedded into the optimization algorithm to replace the time-consuming numerical calculation. The results show that the FNN provides high accuracy with an error of no more than 6.34 % and all Determination Coefficients of about 0.95. The static-stress optimization tends to reduce the arch height in the riser; while the dynamic optimizations tend to increase the arch heights. Three optimizations all reach feasible solutions with noticeable objective reductions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8261,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ocean Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The roles of individual force components on the capture mechanism of bubbles around a vortical flow","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mechanism of bubble capture in a vortical flow is investigated using a Lagrangian bubble tracking method. The motion of bubbles and the factors influencing their movement are examined. Detailed analysis is conducted on the roles played by each force component, such as the lift, added mass, and centrifugal forces, in the bubble capture process. An interesting finding is the identification of the stabilizing effect of the azimuthal lift force on the bubble capture mechanism. Furthermore, a model for capture time based on the radial force balance is also developed, and validated with existing experimental data. These findings, including the force mechanism and capture time model, provide a foundation for understanding the bubble capture process and can potentially inform future studies on tip vortex cavitation inception such as determining the cavitation hotspot.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8261,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ocean Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014111872400275X/pdfft?md5=15b17c5b934b15aac1150fb6130803c7&pid=1-s2.0-S014111872400275X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141960182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-management of ROV umbilical using sliding element: A general 3D-model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apor.2024.104164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The umbilical of Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV) has two main problems: it is subject to entanglement with obstacles or itself, and its shape is difficult to predict for navigation. To address these issues, this article proposes a passive self-management of an ROV’s umbilical by adding one or two elements, like ballasts, buoys, or an oriented thruster, to stretch it and gives it a predictable shape. These elements can be fixed or move freely on the umbilical. In opposite with (Viel, 2022)[36,37], we propose a general model which can estimate the shape of the umbilical in three-dimensions regardless of the orientation of the force applied to the elements, allowing to consider the presence of underwater currents, passive or motorized elements on the tether, and the presence or absence of TMS. Several examples of umbilical configurations are proposed, each one adapted for ROV exploration in various environments, including near-surface, seafloor, near-wall, and dive between obstacles. The model is compared with results proposed in other works like (Viel, 2022)[36,37]. The limits of the method are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8261,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ocean Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}