Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences最新文献_第9页

Rice cultivation and its environmental and social contexts at the Shimao site, Northwest China 中国西北世茂遗址水稻种植及其环境和社会背景

IF 2.1 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-025-02166-x

Shu Liu, Ruichen Yang, Zhouyong Sun, Jing Shao, Zhikun Ma

{"title":"Rice cultivation and its environmental and social contexts at the Shimao site, Northwest China","authors":"Shu Liu, Ruichen Yang, Zhouyong Sun, Jing Shao, Zhikun Ma","doi":"10.1007/s12520-025-02166-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-025-02166-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Shimao site, a large settlement that developed in the Late Longshan period (2300 − 1800 BCE), represents the northernmost recovery of rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) grains dating from the Late Longshan to Erlitou periods in northwest China. The presence of these rice grains has sparked debate on whether they were locally cultivated or acquired through trade. This study conducted phytolith analysis and Growing Degree Days (GDD) modeling on cultural deposits from the Huangchengtai location at the Shimao site, covering both the Shimao and Zhukaigou cultural periods. Phytolith analysis results showed a high frequency and density of rice stem and leaf phytoliths which, alongside their presence across multiple phases of occupation, supporting the possibility of local small-scale cultivation. The GDD model analysis indicates that even with a 2 °C temperature drop, the area around the Shimao site could still support the growth of japonica rice. Additionally, previous studies on charcoal and soils suggest that the climate in northern Shaanxi between 2500 and 1500 BCE was warmer and more humid than today, providing favorable conditions for rice cultivation. Evidence of social stratification, high-status artifacts, and feasting-related remains at Shimao collectively indicates that rice cultivation may have been driven by the need to display hierarchy and support ceremonial feasting. Moreover, the robust development of the Shimao site significantly enhanced its ability to procure rice resources and organize rice cultivation. This paper provides key evidence of the northernmost rice cultivation in northwest China from 2000 to 1600 BCE and offers basic information for understanding the routes and motivations behind the northward spread of rice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on the source of cinnabar excavated from Sanxingdui site in China based on sulphur and mercury isotope analyses 基于硫汞同位素分析的中国三星堆遗址朱砂来源研究

IF 2.1 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-024-02142-x

Qinxin Jiang, Guangyi Sun, Honglin Ran, Yu Lei, Chong Wang, Zhenbin Xie, Fei Tang, Jian Yu, Bisu Zhou, Min Shi, Wan Peng, Chenghui Li, Yi Lv, Haichao Li

{"title":"Research on the source of cinnabar excavated from Sanxingdui site in China based on sulphur and mercury isotope analyses","authors":"Qinxin Jiang, Guangyi Sun, Honglin Ran, Yu Lei, Chong Wang, Zhenbin Xie, Fei Tang, Jian Yu, Bisu Zhou, Min Shi, Wan Peng, Chenghui Li, Yi Lv, Haichao Li","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02142-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02142-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cinnabar was frequently used at the Bronze Age site in south-western China of Sanxingdui. This study uses mercury and sulphur isotopic analyses, archaeological materials, and documentary records to explore the source of the cinnabar unearthed at the Sanxingdui site. The cinnabar originated in the Shangyangzi mercury metallogenic area in south-western China, showing a close connection with the mercury mines in the Wu and Yuan river basins, while the Qing River basin is a less likely source. The cinnabar from these three river basins could all be transported to Sanxingdui through the Three Gorges passage. After the alternation of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the primary source of cinnabar in Sanxingdui contracted from the Wu and Yuan River basins to the Wu River basin. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the Shangyangzi metallogenic area served as a primary source of cinnabar. Its circulation involved two main modes: the Central Plains dynasties controlled the cinnabar in the Shangyangzi metallogenic area and distributed it as rewards to local nobility. Simultaneously, there was autonomous trade between local regions and the Shangyangzi metallogenic area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling age at death reveals Nordic Corded Ware paleodemography 模拟死亡年龄揭示北欧绳纹器古人口学

IF 2.1 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-024-02159-2

Anna Tornberg, Helle Vandkilde

{"title":"Modelling age at death reveals Nordic Corded Ware paleodemography","authors":"Anna Tornberg, Helle Vandkilde","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02159-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02159-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drawing on modelling of age at death in skeletal remains, this article unveils hitherto unrecognized demographic patterns in the Nordic Corded Ware complex. This population formed part of the European Corded Ware complex that has been linked to disruption observed in the archaeological and genetic record. The newly developed methods of transition analysis 3 (TA3) and death rate ratio (DRR) were used to process skeletal data from 67 individuals deriving from single, double, and multiple graves in Scandinavia. The results disclose a high proportion of immature individuals aged less than twenty years. Attrition, however, complies with a demography with high <i>age-nonspecific mortality</i>, and this may connect to stressors such as epidemic diseases and endemic warfare. Compared to the partly contemporaneous Pitted Ware complex and the succeeding Late Neolithic–earliest Bronze Age period, the Nordic Corded Ware burials overall point to robust population growth, especially in the later period. This in turn aligns with a sedentary lifestyle rather than a mobile pastoral economy. Short-distance seasonal movements could fit in but cannot yet be measured. Recent genetics have demonstrated biological input in the female line from populations such as Funnel Beaker, Pitted Ware, and herders of the steppe forest zone: the remarkable tallness of Nordic Corded Ware individuals may well be an effect of such admixture. The burials moreover evidence a distinct adult male sex bias, which diminishes over time along with the growth in the number of buried females and young individuals. Judging from investment in graves and grave goods, immatures were highly valued. The scale of social status operates independently of age. Alongside the revealed Nordic Corded Ware demography and the burial and material record more broadly, this could indicate social inequality based on kinship and warrior values.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12520-024-02159-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Settled farmers or mobile herders? Patterns of mobility at Shahr-i Qumis, a late antiquity site in northern Iran, investigated using strontium isotope values 定居的农民还是流动的牧民？在伊朗北部的古遗址Shahr-i - Qumis，利用锶同位素值研究了流动模式

IF 2.1 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-024-02150-x

Pegah Goodarzi, Mostafa Dehpahlavan, Arkadiusz Sołtysiak

{"title":"Settled farmers or mobile herders? Patterns of mobility at Shahr-i Qumis, a late antiquity site in northern Iran, investigated using strontium isotope values","authors":"Pegah Goodarzi, Mostafa Dehpahlavan, Arkadiusz Sołtysiak","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02150-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02150-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Little is known about human mobility in the Iranian Central Plateau during the Parthian and Sasanian periods. To fill this gap, we measured <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values in 22 human enamel samples from Shahr-i Qumis, Semnan Province, retrieved from collective burials in the ruined buildings of an abandoned capital city of the Parthian state. The skeletons were radiocarbon dated to the Late Parthian and Sasanian periods. The results were compared to <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values measured in 41 plant samples and 3 snail shells collected from spots along the southern slopes of the Alborz Mountains between Qazvin Plain in the west and the Jajarm Plain in the east. All but one of the <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values in human teeth are consistent with local strontium isotope values, and therefore the skeletons likely represent people who did not change their location between infancy and death. This suggests that the cemetery was used by a relatively immobile population of farmers who took advantage of the favourable conditions at the alluvial fan for crop cultivation or stationary animal husbandry, rather than transhumant/nomadic pastoralists who would have used larger and more distant areas as pastures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Technological and material insights into bronze casting remains at the Datongpu site, Jianhu County, Jiangsu province from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty 江苏省建湖县大同铺遗址东周时期青铜铸造遗迹的技术和材料研究

IF 2.1 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-024-02156-5

Guozhu Bai, Ji Zhang, Haifeng Liu, Jianli Chen

{"title":"Technological and material insights into bronze casting remains at the Datongpu site, Jianhu County, Jiangsu province from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty","authors":"Guozhu Bai, Ji Zhang, Haifeng Liu, Jianli Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02156-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02156-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several bronzes, casting moulds, crucible walls, copper slags, and other confirmed relics of copper casting from the late Spring and Autumn period (770 BCE − 476 BCE) and early Warring States period (476 BCE – 221 BCE) were unearthed at the Datongpu site in Jianhucounty, Jiangsu province, between 2019 and 2021. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and multicollector–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were employed to examine the metal resources and mould-making technology of the bronze casting industry of the Yue state during the eastern Zhou dynasty (770 BCE − 221 BCE). The metal particles in the slag suggest that the melted alloy product is high-tin bronze, and the ceramic mould contained a significant amount of plant debris. This indicates that the casting technology involving high-tin bronze alloy production and the use of plant ash in moulds is characteristic of the lower Yangtze river region, highlighting the northward spread of the Yue state. Accordingly, the lead materials at Datongpu site were predominantly sourced from the Central Plains, confirming the records of the relationship between the Jin state and the Yue state in the early Warring States period. The findings highlight the technological advancements of the Yue state and support historical accounts of interactions between the Jin and Yue states. This study is significant as it provides new insights into the technological and material aspects of the bronze casting industry during the eastern Zhou dynasty, which is crucial for understanding regional metallurgical practices and cultural interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Late Roman and Migration Period elites from Lithuania – locals or migrants? Reinterpretation of the current concept based on 87Sr/86Sr stable isotope analysis 罗马晚期和移民时期立陶宛的精英——本地人还是移民？基于87Sr/86Sr稳定同位素分析对当前概念的重新解释

IF 2.1 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-024-02151-w

Laurynas Kurila, Giedrė Piličiauskienė, Edvardas Simčenka, Kerstin Lidén, Ellen Kooijman, Žydrūnė Miliauskienė

{"title":"Late Roman and Migration Period elites from Lithuania – locals or migrants? Reinterpretation of the current concept based on 87Sr/86Sr stable isotope analysis","authors":"Laurynas Kurila, Giedrė Piličiauskienė, Edvardas Simčenka, Kerstin Lidén, Ellen Kooijman, Žydrūnė Miliauskienė","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02151-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02151-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The archaeological record of the mid-1st millennium AD in Lithuania reveals marked changes in culture and influences from various regions of Europe, which are typically attributed to immigration. To assess the immigration hypothesis and mobility, we carried out <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr analysis on human teeth (<i>n</i> = 40) from 11 cemeteries. Samples were selected to evaluate the two supposed directions of immigration as well as mobility, both for individuals of different sexes and between different social groups. Even though 12 (30%) individuals were identified as non-locals, it is impossible to determine whether these individuals originated from other regions in Lithuania or from more distant regions due to the overlap of <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr baseline values. However, our results allowed us to dismiss the areas of origin that dominate in the archaeological debates, viz., Southeastern and Central Europe. The majority of non-local individuals were identified in Western and Central Lithuania, indicating that this region was characterised by a different mobility structure than that of Southern and Eastern Lithuania. There were no differences in mobility between males and females or between social groups. The identified mobility patterns most likely reflect established models of social behaviour rather than sudden transformations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Middle Stone Age lithic technology at DGS, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania 在坦桑尼亚Olduvai峡谷的DGS探索中石器时代的石器技术

IF 2.1 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-024-02137-8

Irene Solano-Megías, José Manuel Maíllo-Fernández, Juan Marín, David M. Martín-Perea, Agness Gidna, Audax Z. P. Mabulla

{"title":"Exploring the Middle Stone Age lithic technology at DGS, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania","authors":"Irene Solano-Megías, José Manuel Maíllo-Fernández, Juan Marín, David M. Martín-Perea, Agness Gidna, Audax Z. P. Mabulla","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02137-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02137-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Olduvai Gorge, nestled between the East African Rift Valley and the Mozambique Belt, is key to understanding human evolution. Even though extensive archaeological and palaeoanthropological findings have been unearthed here since the 1930s, the Middle Stone Age in this area has nonetheless received less attention than the Oldowan or the Acheulean. This paper presents the lithic technology analysis of Dorothy Garrod Site (DGS), a newly-documented MSA site located at the junction of the main gorge and the side gorge at Olduvai. DGS provides valuable additional knowledge to our understanding of the MSA groups that inhabited the region, offering insights into the mobility and settlement patterns of human groups in East Africa during MIS 4. This study focuses on the techno-typological characterization of the DGS lithic assemblage through an analysis of the raw material management strategies and knapping methods employed. The presence of discoid and Levallois methods, as well as single platform methods shows DGS to be a ‘typical’ MSA archaeological site, together with its associated fauna. The retouched pieces are scarce and characterized by a high presence of denticulates, retouched flakes and notches, as well as by the low presence of heavy-duty tools and total absence of points. All of these features make of DGS an exceptional MSA site at the heart of Olduvai.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12520-024-02137-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New scientific analysis reveals the independent bronze production system of indigenous Yue Group in Southern China during early Western Zhou period 新的科学分析揭示了西周早期中国南方土著越族独立的青铜生产体系

IF 2.1 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-024-02157-4

Zhe Luo, Zhengyao Jin, Qian Chen, Fang Huang, Anchuan Fan

{"title":"New scientific analysis reveals the independent bronze production system of indigenous Yue Group in Southern China during early Western Zhou period","authors":"Zhe Luo, Zhengyao Jin, Qian Chen, Fang Huang, Anchuan Fan","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02157-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02157-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The bronze production system of local indigenous groups in Southern China is the focus of Chinese Bronze Age research. In this paper, we analyzed the chemical composition, metallographic microstructure and lead isotope ratio of eighteen Yue-type bronzes unearthed from the Shishijiang site in Xiangxiang County, Hunan Province. The results showed that the Shishijiang bronzes were mainly made of Cu-Sn-Pb materials, with a small proportion of bronzes made of Cu-Pb materials, Cu-Sn materials and Cu-Sn-As-Sb materials. The manufacturing techniques of Shishijiang bronzes were mainly casting, and a small number of bronzes were heated after casting. In addition, the lead isotope data of Shishijiang bronzes all showed the characteristics of common lead, and their distribution range were very concentrated. The Cu, Sn, and Pb materials used in Shishijiang bronzes were probably all from the Southern Hunan region, and the metal minerals of Southern Hunan were widely used in Yue-type bronzes, Chu-style mirrors, and Tang-period coins unearthed from Hunan. Although the Shishijiang bronzes were influenced by the Central Plain culture of the late Shang and early Zhou Dynasties, the pattern of metal mineral use was significantly different from that of bronzes unearthed from the Western Zhou royal region and feudal vassal states. This suggested that the Hunan Yue Group had a relatively independent bronze production system in early Western Zhou period, providing new insight into bronze technology development and extensive cultural interactions in Southern China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The myth of Mecsek malachite used in the Late Neolithic Carpathian Basin– the provenance of Late Neolithic malachite and copper artefacts from South-eastern Transdanubia 新石器时代晚期喀尔巴阡盆地使用Mecsek孔雀石的神话——外多瑙河东南部新石器时代晚期孔雀石和铜制品的来源

IF 2.1 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-024-02149-4

Zsuzsanna Siklósi, Anett Osztás, Bernadett Bajnóczi, Igor M. Villa, Stefano Nisi, Viktória Mozgai, Zsuzsanna M. Virág

{"title":"The myth of Mecsek malachite used in the Late Neolithic Carpathian Basin– the provenance of Late Neolithic malachite and copper artefacts from South-eastern Transdanubia","authors":"Zsuzsanna Siklósi, Anett Osztás, Bernadett Bajnóczi, Igor M. Villa, Stefano Nisi, Viktória Mozgai, Zsuzsanna M. Virág","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02149-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02149-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the second half of the Late Neolithic (4700 − 4500 cal BCE), the first malachite and copper artefacts appeared in large quantities in the territory of present-day Hungary. They are known only as grave goods such as beads, rings and bracelets. Copper artefacts are concentrated in South-eastern Transdanubia, and archaeological literature has argued that this copper wealth may have been due to the exploitation of local malachite resources in the Mecsek Mountains. In our study, we compared lead isotope and chemical composition measurements of Mecsek malachite sources, Late Neolithic malachite and copper artefacts, and other potential ore sources to investigate the provenance of the raw material of these artefacts. The results of our analysis clearly exclude the exploitation of local, Mecsek sources. The malachite and copper artefacts found in the same grave may have come from the same source in the majority of the cases. This suggests that a set of ornaments was made using either technology. Among the potential sources, several mining regions emerged, primarily in the territory of present-day Bulgaria. A group of copper artefacts with high purity, common in contemporaneous Balkan sites, may come from a single source, which remains unknown. A smaller group of artefacts might be derived from the Bihor region. These results can be interpreted as a long-distance prestige exchange network, in which a composite set of ornaments were circulated in long distances and the source areas of the raw materials and the sites where they were finally deposited were not certainly directly linked.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diet and landscape use at Faraoskop from C, N and Sr isotopes in multiple skeletal tissues 从多种骨组织中C、N和Sr同位素的研究发现Faraoskop的饮食和景观利用

IF 2.1 2区地球科学

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-024-02085-3

Kerryn Gray, Petrus le Roux, Judith Sealy

{"title":"Diet and landscape use at Faraoskop from C, N and Sr isotopes in multiple skeletal tissues","authors":"Kerryn Gray, Petrus le Roux, Judith Sealy","doi":"10.1007/s12520-024-02085-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12520-024-02085-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The isotopic composition of body tissues can provide information about diet and patterns of movement or migration during life. Here, we report δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>15</sup>N and <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr analyses for a small sample of fauna and for the 12 humans buried at Faraoskop, and make inferences about how these people ranged across the landscape as they hunted and foraged. δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N values for collagen from cortical and cancellous bone and (for two individuals) desiccated muscle tissue are similar, reflecting consumption of isotopically similar, mostly terrestrial foods throughout life. Not all individuals had teeth preserved but for five we were able to measure <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr in tooth enamel in an earlier- and a later-forming tooth. Where possible, teeth were analysed near the occlusal surface, half-way up the height of the crown and near the dentine/enamel junction, to assess variation during the period of crown formation. Only one of the five (UCT 394) showed significant intra-individual variation in <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr, between 0.6 and 3.5 years of age. Two individuals yielded enamel <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr like the geologically recent sediments of the coastal plain to the west of Faraoskop, while three individuals had values intermediate between the coastal plain and the more ancient shales and sandstones of the Table Mountain Group to the east. As young children, people buried at Faraoskop ranged over different areas of the local landscape, probably as part of different social groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8214,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12520-024-02085-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0