{"title":"Beyond skin deep: exploring the complex molecular mechanisms and holistic management strategies of vitiligo","authors":"Beena Briget Kuriakose","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04162-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04162-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vitiligo is a multifactorial skin disorder characterized by the progressive loss of pigmentation due to the destruction of melanocytes, affecting 0.5–2% of the global population. This condition not only impacts physical appearance but also has profound psychosocial effects on patients. In this review, various aspects of vitiligo are explored, including its clinical forms, epidemiology, and underlying mechanisms. Advances in research have identified key molecular pathways, such as Wnt/β-Catenin, JAK-STAT, and AhR signaling, which are essential for melanocyte survival and immune regulation. These pathways provide valuable insights into the disease's progression and potential treatment targets. Furthermore, the role of microbial imbalances in the gut and skin microbiomes, stress-related factors, and nutritional deficiencies in influencing the onset and progression of vitiligo is investigated. The potential of herbal treatments to stimulate repigmentation is also discussed. By presenting a comprehensive overview, this review aims to deepen the understanding of vitiligo’s complex pathology and foster the development of effective therapeutic strategies to enhance patient care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolving dermatological complaints following the 2023 Turkey and Syria earthquake: insights from a disaster-affected region","authors":"Sera Nur Yucesoy, Koray Temiz, Tumay Ak","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04195-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04195-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, significantly impact public health, including dermatological conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the dermatological complaints of patients who presented to the dermatology outpatient clinic of Hatay Hassa State Hospital following the February 2023 Turkey and Syria earthquake. This retrospective descriptive study analyzed dermatological complaints between April 2023 and January 2024. Patients were categorized into three time periods: Group 1 (April-June 2023), Group 2 (July-September 2023), and Group 3 (October 2023-January 2024). Complaints were classified into 17 groups, and temporal trends were analyzed. A total of 5103 patients were included, with a female predominance (60.7%) and a median age of 26 years (IQR: 18–43). Infections and infestations (Group 1) were the most frequent complaints throughout the study, peaking immediately after the earthquake (38%). Acne (Group 2) and neurocutaneous disorders showed temporal declines, while hair disorders (Group 14) and disorders due to physical agents (Group 13) exhibited seasonal peaks. Hygiene challenges, communal living, and stress were identified as contributing factors to the observed trends. Scabies outbreaks were notable, underscoring the importance of treatment algorithms and national guidelines in managing infectious skin diseases. Dermatological complaints in post-disaster settings evolve over time, reflecting the interplay of environmental, psychological, and seasonal factors. Integrating hygiene interventions and evidence-based dermatological care into disaster response strategies is critical for addressing both acute and chronic conditions. Future research should explore the psychological dimensions of dermatological health in disaster-affected populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Causal relationship between rosacea and psychiatric disorders: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Yaoying Li, Tianxing Hu, Lanlan Jiang, Lan Ge","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04142-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04142-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the causal association between rosacea and psychiatric disorders, including major depression disorder (MDD), anxiety disorder (AD), and panic disorder (PD). A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed. The publicly released genome-wide association summary data (GWAS) of rosacea and psychiatric disorders was used in the MR analysis. The random-effects inverse variance weighted method (IVW) was applied as the primary method, and several other estimators were used as complementary methods. MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO, Cochran’s Q, and leave-one-out were performed to evaluate sensitivity and robustness. The forward MR results suggested that genetically determined rosacea did not have a causal association with the three psychiatric disorders. In the reverse analysis, the MR analyses consistently showed non-significant causal effects of these psychiatric disorders on rosacea. These findings were robust across different analytical methods. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the consistency of the results and provided no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or outliers. A validation analysis using different datasets for the exposures and the outcomes, supporting the initial MR analysis results. Overall, the study found no evidence of a bidirectional causal relationship between genetically predicted rosacea and three psychiatric disorders despite observational studies reporting an association between rosacea and psychiatric disorders. The causal effects between these diseases need further exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A study on dermatologists’ self-assessment of the efficacy of a 1% selenium disulfide—0.9% salicylic acid -based shampoo for scalp seborrheic dermatitis","authors":"Xi Chen, Jiaxin Li, Yurong Li, Aihua Wei","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04165-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04165-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Scalp seborrheic dermatitis (SSD) is a common inflammatory condition requiring effective topical treatment options. To evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of a 1% selenium disulfide (SeS2)-0.9% salicylic acid shampoo in treating mild to moderate SSD among dermatologists. 95 dermatologists with mild to moderate SSD used the shampoo thrice weekly for 4 weeks. Symptoms were assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at baseline, Day 14, and Day 28. After 4-week treatment, severe dandruff cases decreased from 28.4% to 3.2%, with 90.5% participants reporting only mild or no dandruff. VAS scores showed significant improvement in all symptoms (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Product satisfaction reached 88.5%, with 90.5% willing to recommend it clinically. The findings of this study suggest that a shampoo based on 1% selenium disulfide (SeS2) and 0.9% salicylic acid is effective in helping alleviate the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis (SSD).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00403-025-04165-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Safety assessment of apremilast: real-world adverse event analysis from the FAERS database","authors":"Landong Ren, Kaidi Zhao, Bingqing Wang, Shengxiang Xiao, Jiashu Liu, Chen Tu","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04193-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04193-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Apremilast, a unique oral immunomodulatory phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). But there is a lack of real-world studies on the safety of apremilast in large numbers of people. This research employs the FAERS database to assess the real-world safety profile of apremilast to evaluate the association between apremilast and adverse events, which can guide drug monitoring and clinical practice. Our study collected adverse event reports listing apremilast as the primary suspect drug from the first quarter of 2012 to the first quarter of 2024. We utilized multiple disproportionality analysis methods, including reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN), and multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker (MGPS), to evaluate adverse events associated with apremilast. A comprehensive analysis yielded 124,734 reports identifying apremilast as the primary suspect drug, encompassing 252,677 preferred terms (PT) for adverse reactions distributed across 27 system organ class (SOC) categories. Apart from the adverse reactions already mentioned in the drug label, this study identified some new clinically valuable potential adverse reactions, such as vomiting, depression, suicidal ideation, weight decreased, decreased appetite, nasopharyngitis, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, gastrooesophageal reflux disease, abdominal distension, migraine, insomnia, memory impairment, muscle spasms, musculoskeletal stiffness and so on. Our study provide new safety information for the clinical use of apremilast and establish a framework and insights for its further safety evaluation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leyla Norouzi-Barough, Nasrin Alipour Olyaei, Raphael Carapito, Anne Molitor, Sajjad Biglari, Nazila Poostiyan, Mohammad Shahrooei, Hassan Vahidnezhad, Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar, Seiamak Bahram, Roya Sherkat
{"title":"A novel ITGB2 variant in a patient with severe recurrent pyoderma gangrenosum-like lesions and underlying leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I: case report and literature review","authors":"Leyla Norouzi-Barough, Nasrin Alipour Olyaei, Raphael Carapito, Anne Molitor, Sajjad Biglari, Nazila Poostiyan, Mohammad Shahrooei, Hassan Vahidnezhad, Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar, Seiamak Bahram, Roya Sherkat","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04206-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04206-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a group of inborn errors of immunity caused by mutations of integrin subunit b2 gene (<i>ITGB2</i>). Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon neutrophilic dermatosis characterized by recurrent, sterile, and enlarging necrotic ulcers which may manifest as a single or multiple new lesions simultaneously. Here we report a 43-year-old woman from a consanguine marriage who was diagnosed with LAD-I in childhood, recurrent severe PG-like lesion, and atypical manifestations including celiac disease and low CD19 B-cell subsets. A targeted genetic panel revealed a novel homozygous missense variant c.988T>C (Tyr330His) in <i>ITGB2</i> gene. While the treatment with prednisolone, cyclosporine, and antibiotics led to partial improvement, the patient unfortunately discontinued the therapy and later died from septicemia. Early hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) shortly after birth can be highly effective in managing patients with LAD and preventing life-threatening infections. However, evidence suggests that HCT does not prevent autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders such as PG. Therefore, it is important to monitor LAD patients for the potential development of PG, even after HCT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combined use of Omalizumab and dupilumab: safety and efficacy data from a large academic center","authors":"Isabel C. Silva, Rachel Daher, Saakshi Khattri","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04196-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04196-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biologic therapies have revolutionized the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions. Omalizumab is a biologic used for the treatment of asthma and chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), while Dupilumab is used for the treatment of Th2 pathway mediated diseases like atopic dermatitis (AD). Patients can present with concurrent immune-mediated conditions requiring the use of dual biologic therapy; however, there is no robust data to support this. We conducted a retrospective review of outpatient charts between January 2018– July 2024 at a large academic center to find patients with concurrent use of Omalizumab and Dupilumab. Diagnoses and indications for treatments, prior therapies, therapy regimen, therapy duration, adverse events, and new medications were recorded. There were 23 patients prescribed dual biologic therapy. The most common indication for omalizumab was CIU (<i>n</i> = 14) while for dupilumab was AD (<i>n</i> = 20). The median duration of dual therapy was 7 months, with a range of 1 to 41 months. The patient with the longest record of dual therapy was 41 months, with no severe adverse events and a robust clinical response. Of the 23 patients, 65% (<i>n</i> = 15) are currently continuing treatment. Of the 8 patients who discontinued therapy, the reasons included adverse events (<i>n</i> = 2), lack of response (<i>n</i> = 2), insurance issues (<i>n</i> = 1), and switch to monotherapy after improvement (<i>n</i> = 2). Most patients treated with dual therapy were able to obtain improvement for both conditions prescribed. This study showed real-world safety and efficacy of combination of Omalizumab and Dupilumab. Limitations of our study include a small sample size, a one-year average follow-up period, and its retrospective nature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Liposomal doxorubicin as first line treatment option in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma: a retrospective Greek study","authors":"Ioannis-Alexios Koumprentziotis, Vasiliki Nikolaou, Stefania Kokkali, Eleni Paparizou, Evdoxia Panou, Varvara Vasalou, Alexander Stratigos, Vasilios Paparizos","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04212-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04212-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}