Archives of Dermatological Research最新文献

{"title":"Trichotillomania in ethnic and racial minority groups: a narrative review","authors":"Nisa Ilsin,&nbsp;Anna Catinis,&nbsp;Dani Montejano,&nbsp;Chidimma Okwara,&nbsp;Mia Smith,&nbsp;Oyetewa Asempa","doi":"10.1007/s00403-026-04835-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-026-04835-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trichotillomania (TTM) is a body-focused repetitive behavior characterized by compulsive hair-pulling and an association with psychiatric comorbidities and profound emotional distress. Despite its significant impact on well-being, TTM remains understudied, underdiagnosed, and without established treatment guidelines. These deficiencies are particularly evident for ethnic and racial minority groups with TTM, who experience unique factors related to the cultural significance of hair, distinct physical hair properties, stigmas surrounding psychiatric care, and differences in clinical presentation. Additionally, therapies for TTM have been developed primarily from non-Hispanic White samples, potentially contributing to disparities in treatment outcomes. While emerging therapies aim to integrate cultural perspectives, more representative research is needed to address knowledge gaps and develop effective care for TTM across all groups. This review will address differences in the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of TTM in ethnic and racial minority populations, and discuss barriers to management and future directions of equitable care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00403-026-04835-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bleeding with direct oral anticoagulants during Mohs micrographic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Rahib K. Islam,&nbsp;Elena Plakotaris,&nbsp;Nicholas Culotta,&nbsp;Lacey M. Falgout,&nbsp;Deborah C. Hilton,&nbsp;Shari R. Lipner,&nbsp;Christopher J. Haas","doi":"10.1007/s00403-026-04879-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-026-04879-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic predictors of treatment utilization and survival in Merkel cell carcinoma: an analysis of the national cancer database","authors":"Julia K. Russolillo,&nbsp;Reagan F. Blohowiak,&nbsp;Rahul M. Varman,&nbsp;Peter T. Silberstein,&nbsp;Marco J. DiBlasi","doi":"10.1007/s00403-026-04985-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-026-04985-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer with a mortality rate exceeding that of melanoma. While previous studies have examined frequencies, the influence of demographic factors on treatment likelihood and survival is limited. The National Cancer Database was used to identify patients diagnosed with MCC (<i>n</i> = 20,078) between 2004 and 2021. Multivariable binomial logistic regression estimated predictors of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Stage-adjusted Cox models evaluated overall survival (OS). Hispanic patients had lower odds of surgery (OR 0.731) and radiation (OR 0.824). Women were less likely to receive radiation (OR 0.907). Chemotherapy use declined with age (65–79: OR 0.568; ≥80: OR 0.220). Patients from higher-income areas were less likely to receive chemotherapy. Traveling &gt; 50 miles increased odds of surgery (OR 1.247) but reduced odds of chemotherapy (OR 0.524) and radiation (OR 0.737). Female sex predicted lower mortality (HR 0.716). Private insurance (HR 0.565) and Medicare (HR 0.730) were protective compared to uninsured patients, while Medicaid was not. Higher income improved survival (≥$63,000: HR 0.876). Patients in smaller metropolitan or small urban areas had worse OS (HR 1.119 and 1.163, respectively). Traveling &gt; 50 miles predicted improved OS (HR 0.786). In this nationwide stage-adjusted analysis of MCC, survival outcomes were influenced by age, sex, insurance, income, geography, and receipt of therapy, with notable treatment disparities among Hispanic patients. Targeted efforts to improve access to definitive and adjuvant therapy may help reduce survival inequities in this rare but aggressive skin cancer. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00403-026-04985-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of postoperative cutaneous wound dehiscence: a narrative review and implications for dermatologic surgery","authors":"June Y. Moon,&nbsp;Yasir Al-Dojaily,&nbsp;Zahidul Islam,&nbsp;Lucy Wang,&nbsp;Amor Khachemoune","doi":"10.1007/s00403-026-05005-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-026-05005-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Postoperative wound dehiscence is a familiar complication of dermatologic surgery, but evidence guiding management after wound separation is limited. Because comparative dermatology-specific studies are lacking, we reviewed published reports of superficial cutaneous wound dehiscence across surgical specialties and considered their relevance to dermatologic surgery. The original search identified four reports; after excluding the single-patient case report, three studies remained, comprising 185 patients (66 managed with re-closure and 119 with secondary intention). These studies involved obstetric/gynecologic, cardiothoracic, and immunocompromised surgical populations and differed substantially in design, wound characteristics, and outcome reporting. Each reported shorter healing times after re-closure than secondary intention, and two reported fewer visits or treatments; however, these descriptive findings do not establish superiority. Two closure failures were reported in the sternotomy cohort, and one late suture-associated abscess occurred in the immunocompromised series, while detailed post-reclosure complication reporting was limited in the randomized trial. No study directly evaluated dermatologic surgery, cosmetic outcomes, or patient satisfaction. Available evidence does not support specific recommendations for managing postoperative wound dehiscence in dermatologic surgery. Current practice remains based largely on clinical experience, expert opinion, and extrapolation from other surgical specialties. Prospective dermatologic studies are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal relationship between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and rosacea: an analysis of onset timing","authors":"Sammer Marzouk,&nbsp;John Saleeb,&nbsp;Sara Muttar,&nbsp;Sawsan Alkhalili,&nbsp;Ahmad Alsheikh,&nbsp;Alaha Nasari,&nbsp;Taaha Hassan,&nbsp;Ramzy Issa,&nbsp;Osama Hassan,&nbsp;Peter Lio","doi":"10.1007/s00403-026-05003-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-026-05003-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Emerging evidence supports a bidirectional relationship between gastrointestinal and dermatological conditions through the gut-skin axis, yet the temporal dynamics of this association remain poorly characterized. This cross-sectional study examined the timing relationship between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and rosacea in 1,421 patients with both conditions to determine which disorder is typically documented first and whether demographic factors influence this temporal pattern. We calculated the time difference between the IBS and rosacea diagnosis dates and employed Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to assess within-person temporal asymmetry across demographic strata, with Kruskal-Wallis tests for between-group comparisons. Non-parametric methods were selected after Levene’s test and Shapiro-Wilk testing indicated violations of normality and equal variance assumptions. Among all participants, 55.3% were diagnosed with IBS before rosacea, 41.7% were diagnosed with rosacea before IBS, and 3.0% had both conditions first recorded on the same day. While the number of cases in which IBS was documented before rosacea was higher than the other way round (55.3% versus 41.7%), demographic variables were not a predictor of which condition came first (AUC = 0.52). The median time difference (IBS diagnosis date minus rosacea diagnosis date) was negative in every demographic group, ranging from − 0.09 to -2.03 years. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests revealed statistically significant within-group median shifts in several demographic strata, especially those with larger sample sizes. However, between-group comparisons using Kruskal-Wallis tests showed no significant differences across demographic groups: race/ethnicity (<i>p</i> = 0.98), education (<i>p</i> = 0.83), income (<i>p</i> = 0.40), gender (<i>p</i> = 0.52), or age groups (<i>p</i> = 0.14). Logistic regression achieved only 52.6% accuracy (AUC = 0.52), indicating that while population-level temporal patterns exist, demographic factors alone cannot predict individual-level onset order. Because the dataset records the date a diagnosis was documented rather than the date symptoms began, these findings are descriptive, and prospective studies incorporating clinical and lifestyle variables are needed before any gut microbiome-mediated link can be evaluated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative stress and Nrf2-mediated antioxidant therapeutic strategies in vitiligo","authors":"Kanupriya Chauhan,&nbsp;Bhuvnesh Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Shamsher Singh,&nbsp;Harpreet Singh,&nbsp;Shivani Chopra,&nbsp;Hitesh Chopra","doi":"10.1007/s00403-026-04946-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-026-04946-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vitiligo is a common skin disease that causes loss of pigment in skin; the incidence of this condition is around 0.5−2% in the world population. The disease results from complex processes of oxidative stress, immune system deregulation, and genetic predisposition. Deregulation of the pathways of melanogenesis involving MITF, WNT, Kit, and α-MSH signaling leads to reduced activity of the leading enzymes in melanogenesis, such as tyrosinase, TYRP1, and TYRP2. At the same time, there is excessive development of hydrogen peroxide and ROS that promotes the production of inflammatory cytokines, ferroptosis, and elimination of melanocytes. Among genetic polymorphisms, the role of HLA and CTLA-4 is essential; the involvement of poor antioxidant system, such as catalase and superoxide dismutase also plays critical role in the disease development. In particular, Nrf2, which protects melanocytes from oxidative stress and activates detoxifying enzymes, is involved in this process, being crucial for the activity of the melanocytes. The author also shows that excessive activation Nrf2 under particular physiological conditions may have negative effects on melanogenesis. Thus, this review describes the role of oxidative stress, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, immune dysregulation, and different chemical agents in the context of melanocyte loss, but what is more important, it pinpoints recent.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><p>Oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune dysregulation drive melanocyte degeneration in vitiligo through pyroptosis and ferroptosis, while Nrf2‑mediated antioxidant pathways offer protective therapeutic potential.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in dual-specialty applications among dermatology applicants: a cross-sectional analysis from 2022 to 2026 of the ERAS specialty dashboard","authors":"Lauren Fleshner,&nbsp;June Moon,&nbsp;Timothy Klufas,&nbsp;Albert E. Zhou,&nbsp;Jane M. Grant-Kels,&nbsp;Daniel M. Klufas","doi":"10.1007/s00403-026-04996-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-026-04996-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of selenium supplementation in methotrexate-associated spermatotoxicity in patients with psoriasis: a pilot clinical study","authors":"Nada M. S. Mohamed,&nbsp;Adel A. Imam,&nbsp;Miriam Samir Attia","doi":"10.1007/s00403-026-04986-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-026-04986-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Methotrexate (MTX) is a widely used systemic therapy for moderate-to-severe psoriasis; however, its use has been associated with spermatotoxicity, with oxidative stress proposed as one of the mechanisms involved. Selenium (Se), through its antioxidant properties and its role in glutathione peroxidase (GPX) synthesis, may mitigate MTX-associated spermatotoxicity. This pilot study investigated the potential protective effect of Se supplementation on semen parameters and seminal GPX levels in male patients initiating MTX therapy for psoriasis. Forty male participants were allocated to four groups (n = 10 each): Control, Control + Se, MTX, and MTX + Se. Semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, normal sperm morphology, progressive, non-progressive, total, and immotile sperm motility, and seminal GPX levels, which were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were assessed at baseline and after 3 months. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27, with <i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.05</i> considered statistically significant. Compared with the other groups, the MTX group showed significant deterioration in semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, normal sperm morphology, progressive and total sperm motility, and seminal GPX levels. Compared with MTX treatment alone, selenium co-administration was associated with improvements in several semen parameters, particularly in sperm motility, as well as with increased seminal GPX levels. However, sperm concentration remained significantly reduced in the MTX + Se group. MTX treatment was associated with deterioration in multiple semen parameters and reduced seminal GPX levels. Selenium co-administration was associated with potentially beneficial changes in selected semen parameters and seminal GPX levels, but did not prevent all methotrexate-associated changes. These preliminary findings are hypothesis-generating and do not establish therapeutic efficacy or a causal relationship between selenium supplementation, GPX changes, and semen outcomes. Larger, adequately powered clinical studies are required to confirm these findings and determine their clinical relevance.</p><p><i>Trial registration</i>: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06951282, registered retrospectively on 29 April 2025.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, and paraprobiotics for modulating the skin microbiome: a systematic review of clinical studies","authors":"Trang Thi Minh Nguyen,&nbsp;Xiangji Jin,&nbsp;Qiwen Zheng,&nbsp;Gyeong-Seon Yi,&nbsp;Su-Jin Yang,&nbsp;Eun-Ji Yi,&nbsp;Yoon-Soo Gwak,&nbsp;Mi-Ju Kim,&nbsp;Jaeyoung Choi,&nbsp;Tae-Hoo Yi","doi":"10.1007/s00403-026-04998-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-026-04998-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The skin microbiome is associated with dermatological diseases, and topical microbiome-directed biotic formulations have been investigated as strategies to modify dysbiosis. Biotics have been investigated as microbiome-directed interventions; however, their precise impact on disease-specific microbiomes and clinical outcomes remains unclear. This systematic review evaluated, as the primary outcome, reported changes in skin microbiome composition and diversity after topical probiotic, prebiotic, postbiotic, paraprobiotic, or mixed biotic interventions and, as secondary outcomes, associated clinical dermatological changes, following PRISMA 2020 guidance. Literature searches in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus yielded 17 clinical studies (totaling 838 participants, 246 males and 592 females), with treatment durations ranging from 7 to 84 days. Most studies utilized 16 S rRNA sequencing to assess outcomes such as microbial richness, diversity, taxonomic composition, stratum corneum hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and inflammatory responses. In acne vulgaris, individual studies reported that topical probiotics modulate the skin microbiome, inducing β-diversity shifts characterized by up to 29% reductions in <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> and 27–32% reductions in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in atopic dermatitis in specific studies, alongside up to 23% increases in beneficial taxa such as <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. and <i>Corynebacterium</i> spp. Formulation-dependent reductions in <i>Malassezia</i> species are observed in a seborrheic dermatitis study (up to 22%). These microbiome changes were accompanied in some studies by improvements in skin physiology, including 8–12% increases in hydration (2 studies), 12.5–24% reductions in TEWL (2 studies), and approximately 10% decreases in erythema (1 study). Altered community structures, including shifts in <i>Cutibacterium</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> dominance, emerge as possible biomarkers for early detection of barrier disruption and disease-related inflammation. These findings should be interpreted as descriptive results from individual studies rather than evidence of a consistent treatment effect across intervention classes. Standardized clinical protocols and metagenomic profiling are needed to establish efficacy and inform the development of personalized probiotic-based dermatological interventions.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence for psoriasis in skin of color","authors":"Allison Roecker,&nbsp;Pranav Sosale,&nbsp;Umer Nadir,&nbsp;Stanislav N. Tolkachjov","doi":"10.1007/s00403-026-05007-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-026-05007-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When considering psoriasis in patients with skin of color (SoC), understanding the real-world performance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems and Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of AI tools and LLMs in recognizing psoriasis across diverse skin tones. A comparative study of 11 AI/LLM systems were evaluated for twelve clinical images tested five times per model, to assess both accuracy and precision utilizing a standardized prompt. Out of the 12 images, there were 4 that produced 0% correct diagnosis from any model, demonstrating certain manifestations of psoriasis in skin of color patients that may not be reliably diagnosed by AI systems. The highest-performing models in this study achieved only a 25% overall accuracy. Most models gave inconsistent responses to the same image. LLM/AI system performance varied significantly, emphasizing the need for cautious usage by patients and clinicians alike. Clinical context and examination by a dermatologist should accompany these assessments prior to treatment plan formulation. Further research on the performance of LLM/AI systems should be evaluated for efficacy in identifying other skin conditions, as visual characteristics in SoC dermatologic conditions present differently and can easily be overlooked.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"318 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}