Archives of Dermatological Research最新文献

{"title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa, from basic science to surgery and a new era of tailored targeted therapy: An expert opinion paper","authors":"Angelo Valerio Marzano,&nbsp;Michele Bartoletti,&nbsp;Vincenzo Bettoli,&nbsp;Luca Bianchi,&nbsp;Andrea Chiricozzi,&nbsp;Mario Clerici,&nbsp;Paolo Dapavo,&nbsp;Valentina Dini,&nbsp;Caterina Foti,&nbsp;Cristina Magnoni,&nbsp;Matteo Megna,&nbsp;Giuseppe Micali,&nbsp;Elisa Molinelli,&nbsp;Francesca Prignano","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04016-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04016-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by an aberrant activation of innate immunity and increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as interleukin 17 (IL-17). IL-17 has been shown to play a key role in the pathogenesis of HS and evidence highlights the potential of IL-17-targeted therapies. The fully human IgG/κ monoclonal antibody secukinumab, which specifically targets IL-17A and inhibits interaction with its receptor, has recently been approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe HS. Secukinumab offers patients an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment option in terms of sustained response by rapidly improving signs and symptoms, and preventing disease progression in the absence of loss of response. Being a challenging disease, HS is associated with a delay to diagnosis of 3–10 years and, consequently, late implementation of appropriate treatment, leading to disease progression. Misdiagnosis due to flawed understanding and lack of awareness among medical providers and patients is considered an important factor contributing to the delayed diagnosis. Thus, serious efforts must be made on a large scale to urgently reduce the delay in HS diagnosis and reduce the disease burden in patients, including raising awareness, implementation of education programmes at medical and specialisation schools, as well as continuous education of healthcare providers at different levels for the early detection of HS and initiation of appropriate treatment. Here, we present the main critical unmet needs in the diagnosis and treatment of patients affected by HS, address how disease awareness and comprehensive multidisciplinary management (offering both medical and surgical care) can benefit patients, and suggest therapeutic options, based on clinical characterisation and early identification and intervention (window of opportunity), to be adopted for a timely and better management of disease progression and to fill current gaps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00403-025-04016-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global trends and cross-country inequalities in the burden of non-melanoma skin cancers from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","authors":"Yuanyuan Xu,&nbsp;Xian Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04003-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04003-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N-tert-Butylhydroxylamine promotes melanin production in oxidative stress conditions through the MITF signaling pathway","authors":"Gyeong Hee Kim,&nbsp;Moon-Moo Kim","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04054-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04054-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the aging process, melanogenesis is downregulated, leading to hair graying. Various agents, including α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), have been evaluated for their potential to enhance melanogenesis. Among them, N-tert-Butylhydroxylamine (NtBHA) has been reported to reverse cellular aging, enhance mitochondrial function, and exhibit antioxidant properties. The effect of NtBHA on melanogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of NtBHA on melanogenesis in B16F1 cells. In this study, NtBHA exhibited strong antioxidant activity, as demonstrated by antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation assay, and hydroxyl radical assay. Importantly, NtBHA did not show any cytotoxic effects in the MTT assay. Additionally, in a melanin production experiment in the presence of H₂O₂, NtBHA increased melanin production in cells exposed to oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂. Additionally, NtBHA enhanced the expression of crucial proteins related to melanogenesis, such as MITF, TRP-2, and TYR. Therefore, NtBHA may promote melanogenesis in H₂O₂-stressed melanoma cells, which are aged, potentially supporting melanogenesis through the MITF signaling pathway. In addition to its potential role in restoring pigmentation, the robust antioxidant properties of NtBHA underscore its promise as a therapeutic agent for managing pigmentation disorders and mitigating oxidative stress-related skin aging. This study establishes a foundation for further research into the clinical application of NtBHA in anti-aging and dermatological treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma therapy in systemic sclerosis and localized scleroderma; a systematic review","authors":"Mohammad Ali Nilforoushzadeh,&nbsp;Amirhossein Heidari,&nbsp;Yekta Ghane,&nbsp;Seyedayin Hosseini,&nbsp;Hanieh Azizi,&nbsp;Niloufar Najar Nobari,&nbsp;Nazila Heidari","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-03934-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-03934-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Systemic sclerosis (SSc) and localized scleroderma (LoSc) are rare connective tissue diseases that are identified by skin thickening and hardening with different mechanisms of action. Although advancements in treatments have been achieved in recent years, these conditions remain a major cause of morbidity and currently lack a definitive cure. We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment in individuals with LoSc and SSc. PubMed/Medline, Ovid-Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched until December 27th, 2024. A citation search was also carried out, and clinical studies published in English were eligible to be included. A total of 11 studies utilized PRP to treat different conditions of scleroderma. In limited and diffuse forms of SSc, PRP resulted in the improvement of mouth handicap in systemic sclerosis (MHISS) items, skin elasticity, skin ulcer healing, and vascularization both alone and alongside hyaluronic acid, autologous fat, and stromal vascular fraction. Moreover, PRP injections led to a significant decrease in the LoSc cutaneous assessment tool (LoSCAT), as well as a reduction in pain and disease symptoms. Furthermore, patients with en coupe de sabre experienced hair regrowth after PRP treatment. The adverse effects, which can be limited or diffuse, were mild and self-limited. PRP contains a considerable number of platelets, cytokines, and growth factors. PRP is considered a safe supplementary treatment option alongside standard therapy for both LoSc and SSc, with the potential to promote improvement in these patients, either as a standalone therapy or in conjunction with other therapeutic approaches.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>The summary of systematic review methodology (systematic search, screening, eligibility criteria, and study selection) and applications of platelet-rich plasma in treating systemic sclerosis and localized scleroderma</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative stress mediated by the NOX2/ROS/NF-κB signaling axis is involved in rosacea","authors":"Yunying Wang,&nbsp;Linglong Long,&nbsp;Mengting Chen,&nbsp;Ji Li","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-03898-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-03898-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease characterized by a multifaceted pathogenesis. Extensive research has demonstrated that oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the etiology of rosacea, mediating vascular alterations and inflammation cascades via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) possesses the capacity to synthesize ROS and exhibits a strong correlation with diverse inflammatory processes. However, the effects of NOX2 in rosacea are unknown. Our findings revealed that NOX2 was highly expressed in rosacea. Inhibition of NOX2 improved markedly rosacea-like manifestations, encompassing reduced skin erythema and downregulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Additionally, knockdown NOX2 in HaCaT keratinocytes significantly rescues TNF-α-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Our study further elucidated that inhibition of NOX2 suppressed NF-κB activation in LL37-induced skin and LL37/ TNF-α-induced HaCaT keratinocytes. Our results demonstrate that NOX2 plays a proinflammatory role in rosacea by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From wheal to wellness: efficacy and safety of ligelizumab in chronic spontaneous urticaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Muhammad Sohaib Khan,&nbsp;Yousra Nadeem,&nbsp;Muhammad Mudassar Bilal,&nbsp;Aiman Baloch,&nbsp;Manayl Rasheed,&nbsp;Hamna Jehandad,&nbsp;Noor ul Ain,&nbsp;Eisha Sheikh,&nbsp;Bakhtawar Saleem,&nbsp;Maheen Fatima,&nbsp;Sibtain Zulfiqar,&nbsp;Wania Moeen,&nbsp;Muhammad Hasanain","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-03966-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-03966-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is characterized by persistent hives and itching that lasts longer than six weeks. Ligelizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody specifically targeting IgE, has emerged as a promising option for managing CSU. This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of ligelizumab for this debilitating condition. A comprehensive literature search was conducted at PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify relevant studies published until December 2024. The review included randomized controlled trials that compared ligelizumab with a placebo. Our meta-analysis of 2581 patients found that ligelizumab significantly improves outcomes in chronic spontaneous urticaria. A dose-dependent response was observed, with 24 mg being non-superior to placebo. Doses of 72 mg significantly reduced Itch Severity Score (MD: − 3.54; 95% CI − 4.36 to − 2.73; P &lt; 0.00001), Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7) (MD: − 9.79; 95% CI − 10.65 to − 8.93; P &lt; 0.00001),  provided complete UAS7 response (UAS7 = 0) (OR: 7.30; 95% CI 2.99 to 17.83; P &lt; 0.0001), and Angioedema free weeks (MD: 2.22; 95% CI 1.63 to 2.82; P &lt; 0.00001), with further improvements noted at the 120 mg dose. Statistically significant results were also observed for the Dermatological Life Quality Index and Hives Severity Score. No significant adverse effects were reported with ligelizumab 72 mg, but very mild adverse effects were discovered with the 120 mg dose. Ligelizumab, at doses of 72 mg and 120 mg, effectively manages CSU by reducing symptoms and improving overall quality of life compared to placebo, although 120 mg Ligelizumab is associated with mild Adverse Events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New tool in our arsenal: efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in androgenetic alopecia treatment","authors":"Songling Yao,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Chen,&nbsp;Sha Li,&nbsp;Lin Zhou,&nbsp;Qianqian Bai,&nbsp;Chen Zhao,&nbsp;Shuai Huang","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04038-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04038-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study assesses the short-term therapeutic efficacy and safety of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in managing androgenetic alopecia (AGA).</p><p>AGA, a common genetic condition leading to hair loss, significantly affects the quality of life. Given the limited efficacy of existing treatments, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the potential of i-PRF, a biotherapeutic agent enriched with growth factors and cell proliferation promoters, to enhance hair regeneration and ameliorate the microenvironment of hair follicles.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A prospective, single-center study enrolled 30 AGA patients with inadequate responses to conventional treatments. Participants received six monthly i-PRF injections. Assessments included hair scoring (hair density, vellus hair percentage, and hair shaft diameter), treatment efficacy, physician’s visual subjective scoring, scalp inflammation scoring (folliculitis, greasiness, dandruff, and itching), Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI) scores, patient satisfaction scoring, and monitoring for adverse reactions post-injection.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>At the 6-month mark, an 80% response rate was achieved, with significant improvements in hair loss and scalp symptoms as per hair scoring, physician’s visual subjective scoring, scalp inflammation scoring, DLQI scoring, and patient satisfaction scoring compared to baseline.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>i-PRF effectively enhances hair density and alleviates scalp symptoms in AGA patients, demonstrating notable therapeutic effects with minimal adverse reactions, offering a promising new avenue for AGA treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolving treatment landscape for CSCC","authors":"David M. Miller","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-03933-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-03933-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The treatment landscape for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is evolving, with immunotherapy transforming care across all stages of disease and expanding the role of dermatologists. While surgery and radiotherapy remain cornerstones for localized CSCC, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) offer durable responses and survival benefits in advanced cases. Emerging approaches, including neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and intralesional ICIs, provide dermatologists with opportunities to integrate these therapies into practice, potentially enhancing surgical outcomes and preserving function in high-risk, resectable CSCC. Preliminary data on anti-PD-1 therapy as a preventive strategy for actinic neoplasia syndrome introduces new avenues for long-term management, though further evidence is needed. As systemic immunotherapy becomes increasingly relevant in dermatology, addressing immunotherapy-related adverse events requires interdisciplinary collaboration and specialized training. These advancements emphasize the expanding responsibilities of dermatologists in CSCC management while highlighting the importance of continued research and thoughtful application of these therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct anti-microbial peptides expression patterns and microbiome profiles in skin of Tunisian endemic Pemphigus foliaceus patients","authors":"Olfa Abida,&nbsp;Ricardo Ramiro,&nbsp;Emna Bahloul,&nbsp;Rim Frikha,&nbsp;Slim Charfi,&nbsp;Hamida Turki,&nbsp;Carlos Penha Gonçalves,&nbsp;Hatem Masmoudi","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04000-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04000-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a multifactorial skin disease. Substantial evidence for microbiota dysbiosis in skin disorders was gradually revealed. In PF patients’ skin lesions, we characterized the profile of microbial communities and the expression of microbial peptides. Using real-time reverse transcriptase PCR and immunohistochemistry, skin lesions were analyzed for gene and protein expression of human <i>β</i>-defensin (<i>h</i>BD) 1, 2, and 3, cathelicidin (LL-37), RNAse-7, and psoriasin. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used for assessing skin microbial communities in 15 samples from PF patients’ lesioned skin and 11 PF patients’ non-lesioned skin. Gene expression of <i>h</i>BD 2 and 3 and psoriasin were significantly downregulated in skin samples from remittent patients compared to chronic or <i>de nov</i>o diagnosed patients. Protein expression of <i>h</i>BD 2, Psoriasin, and LL-37 was increased in skin from <i>de novo</i> patients compared to skin from healthy donors showing markedly different distribution patterns. The skin microbial analysis revealed a substantial difference in microbiome diversity between lesioned and non-lesioned skin of <i>de novo</i> PF patients and, non-lesioned skin of remittent patients. In addition, microbiome diversity within samples of lesioned skin from <i>de novo</i> PF patients showed lower diversity with a lower abundance of specific bacterial genera, namely <i>Dermabacter</i>,<i> Psychrobacter</i>, and <i>Bradyrhizobium</i>. Thus, there is a noticeable over-representation of <i>Staphylococcus</i> and decreased richness in the bacterial communities of PF-active skin lesions. Our data supports the hypothesis that active skin lesions in PF patients exhibit alterations in skin bacterial diversity interlinked with increased expression of AMPs.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the multifaceted side effects of isotretinoin: a deep dive into case reports and observational studies","authors":"S. Ruchitha,&nbsp;Neha Gupta,&nbsp;Kavita Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00403-025-04019-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00403-025-04019-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review addresses gaps in understanding isotretinoin’s side effects for acne vulgaris. While effective, the risks are often underestimated. It emphasizes careful patient selection and monitoring to optimize outcomes and minimize harm. By providing a comprehensive evaluation, the review aims to enhance patient safety and inform clinical decision-making. This review examined isotretinoin’s side effects through case reports and observational studies. A literature search on Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science covered publications from 2000 to 2024 using terms like “isotretinoin” and “side effects,” focusing on English-language studies. Inclusion criteria targeted studies detailing adverse effects across dermatological, musculoskeletal, psychiatric, ocular, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and renal areas. Data included population size, dosage, treatment duration, and side effects. No statistical analysis was performed. This review underscores a wide array of side effects associated with isotretinoin, ranging from common issues such as dry skin and cheilitis to more serious conditions including psychiatric disorders, musculoskeletal complications, and autoimmune diseases. Notably, rare side effects like psychosis and rhabdomyolysis have also been observed. The review emphasizes the necessity for meticulous patient selection, thorough risk assessment, and vigilant monitoring, especially for at-risk populations such as women of reproductive age. This review emphasizes the need for personalized evaluations and monitoring during isotretinoin treatment, particularly for high-risk groups like women of reproductive age. Healthcare providers must consider the risk-benefit ratio due to potential side effects. Regular check-ups and proactive management are crucial to optimize outcomes and minimize risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8203,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Dermatological Research","volume":"317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}