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Artificial Intelligence and Robots in Medicine: The Problem of Liability for Causing Damage to Patients 医学中的人工智能和机器人:对患者造成损害的责任问题
Jurist (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-21-26
Yulia I. Yukhnova
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Robots in Medicine: The Problem of Liability for Causing Damage to Patients","authors":"Yulia I. Yukhnova","doi":"10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-21-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-21-26","url":null,"abstract":"Robots and artificial intelligence set a new vector for the development of the healthcare system, but at the same time their use generates legal problems. The most relevant of them is related to civil liability in case of harm to patients in the process of their application. The solution to this problem depends on establishing the legal nature of robots and artificial intelligence. The article evaluates doctrinal views on robots and artificial intelligence as a source of increased danger, the result of intellectual activity and concludes that until the legislator settles the issue of the legal nature of robots and artificial intelligence, it is necessary to take into account the technical features of each individual robot and artificial intelligence when considering such disputes.","PeriodicalId":81750,"journal":{"name":"Jurist (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85672005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Golden Shield Project as the Measure to Counter Cybercrime in the People’s Republic of China 金盾工程作为中华人民共和国打击网络犯罪的措施
Jurist (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-2-6
V. Shestak, Aleksandra S. Chebotar
{"title":"The Golden Shield Project as the Measure to Counter Cybercrime in the People’s Republic of China","authors":"V. Shestak, Aleksandra S. Chebotar","doi":"10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-2-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-2-6","url":null,"abstract":"The article studies the main measure of countering cybercrime and illegal access to digital databases in the People’s Republic of China — the “Golden Shield” project. The topic is of current importance due to the popularization of social networks, messengers, video hosting services developed by foreign countries and banned in the territory of the state among young people. The authors have identified and analyzed the stages of the “Golden Shield” project development, the main principles and features of its functioning and existing shortcomings. The authors’ research allows us to conclude that the use of VPN-apps is unacceptable and should be stopped in a timely manner by the Great Chinese Firewall, the state should conduct an active social policy aimed at explaining to inexperienced users the existing risks and threats from accessing prohibited content, as well as convincing its citizens that the “Golden Shield” project is not aimed at restricting their freedom on the Internet, but is only an effective tool for combating cybercrime and ensuring an appropriate level of security in cyberspace.","PeriodicalId":81750,"journal":{"name":"Jurist (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87110402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Russian Federation and the European Community: The Modern Era and the Paradigm of Political and Legal Development 俄罗斯联邦和欧洲共同体:政治和法律发展的现代时代和范式
Jurist (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-61-66
Saida A. Saybulaeva
{"title":"The Russian Federation and the European Community: The Modern Era and the Paradigm of Political and Legal Development","authors":"Saida A. Saybulaeva","doi":"10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-61-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-61-66","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the issues of the relationship and interaction of the Russian state-legal system with the European Community at the present stage of political and legal development. The main stages and events that predetermined the changes in the legal status of the Russian Federation in the European political and legal space are outlined. Statistical and quantitative data in the sphere of interaction between the Russian Federation and the European Court of Human Rights are presented. The article examines certain norms of the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and some aspects of the issues of execution of decisions of the European Court on the territory of the Russian State at the present stage and in the future. The article analyzes and summarizes the political and legal grounds for the validity and legitimacy of the procedure for the withdrawal of the Russian Federation from the membership of the Council of Europe and the completion of Russia’s participation in this interstate association.","PeriodicalId":81750,"journal":{"name":"Jurist (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82062870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Content of the Originality Criterion in the Doctrine of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation 俄罗斯联邦最高法院原则中原创性标准的内容
Jurist (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-14-20
Vyacheslav S. Vitko
{"title":"The Content of the Originality Criterion in the Doctrine of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation","authors":"Vyacheslav S. Vitko","doi":"10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-14-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-14-20","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the content of originality being a criterion of protectability of works developed by the Russian judicial doctrine.","PeriodicalId":81750,"journal":{"name":"Jurist (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77801948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Theory and Practice of Application of Provisions on Extrajudicial Bankruptcy of Individual Entrepreneurs 个体企业家法外破产规定适用的理论与实践
Jurist (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-33-38
D. Rakhvalova
{"title":"The Theory and Practice of Application of Provisions on Extrajudicial Bankruptcy of Individual Entrepreneurs","authors":"D. Rakhvalova","doi":"10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-33-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-33-38","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the theoretical aspects of the legal regulation of out-of-court bankruptcy of citizens registered as individual entrepreneurs: the procedure and grounds for initiating a bankruptcy case, the procedure and grounds for the transition from out-of-court bankruptcy to judicial bankruptcy; the assessment of the debtor’s good faith in resolving the issue of his release from the performance of obligations is investigated. The author also analyzed the data of open registers in bankruptcy cases in the siberian Federal District, in particular, the total number of initiated cases of out-of-court bankruptcy, the share of initiated bankruptcy cases of individual entrepreneurs in them; the sources of formation of debtors’ receivables have been identified.","PeriodicalId":81750,"journal":{"name":"Jurist (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81247832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Mechanism of Protection of Rights of Spouses in an Insolvency (Bankruptcy) Procedure: The Retrospective Analysis 破产(破产)程序中配偶权利保护机制的回溯分析
Jurist (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-27-32
Valeria I. Mikhaylova
{"title":"The Mechanism of Protection of Rights of Spouses in an Insolvency (Bankruptcy) Procedure: The Retrospective Analysis","authors":"Valeria I. Mikhaylova","doi":"10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-27-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-27-32","url":null,"abstract":"In a retrospective review of the features of the rights of spouses and the features of ensuring these rights within the framework of the institution of insolvency (bankruptcy), the author comes to the conclusion that the more attention we pay to the conceptual foundations of family law when analyzing the rights and obligations of spouses in bankruptcy, the more, it becomes more clear to us why some property is included in the bankruptcy estate, and some is not, which affects the recognition of the debtor as insolvent. Secondly, understanding the essence of marital legal relations — previously their “personal” element, and at present — the close economic and legal relationship of spouses when they make up a household, makes it possible to make reasonable proposals for improving the institution of insolvency (bankruptcy).","PeriodicalId":81750,"journal":{"name":"Jurist (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88207720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Origin of Good Faith in Corporate Relations between Commercial Companies: The Theoretical and Practical Aspect of the Study 商业公司关系中诚信的起源:理论与实践研究
Jurist (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-39-44
M. Semyakin
{"title":"The Origin of Good Faith in Corporate Relations between Commercial Companies: The Theoretical and Practical Aspect of the Study","authors":"M. Semyakin","doi":"10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-39-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-39-44","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the origin of good faith in corporate relations between commercial companies, the correlation and interrelation of this category and civil law principles, provides an approximate list of good faith criteria in the indicated sphere and describes some judicial practice of their application.","PeriodicalId":81750,"journal":{"name":"Jurist (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75911579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the Concept of a Digital Right as an Object of Civil Rights 论数字权利作为公民权利客体的概念
Jurist (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-54-60
Elena N. Abramova
{"title":"On the Concept of a Digital Right as an Object of Civil Rights","authors":"Elena N. Abramova","doi":"10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-54-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2023-1-54-60","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the legal nature of a new object of civil rights — digital law. Аuthor believes that digital law is the result of applying the technique of legal fiction. Аlthough digital law is a way of fixing the law, the legal regime of another phenomenon — the object of civil rights — applies to digital law. Аuthor offers his own definition of digital law based on the conclusions drawn.","PeriodicalId":81750,"journal":{"name":"Jurist (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81658514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lot Forming within the Framework of Pledged Property Sale in Bankruptcy 破产中质押财产出售框架内的批形成
Jurist (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-05-13 DOI: 10.18572/1812-3929-2021-5-23-29
Yuriy A. Kopchenov
{"title":"Lot Forming within the Framework of Pledged Property Sale in Bankruptcy","authors":"Yuriy A. Kopchenov","doi":"10.18572/1812-3929-2021-5-23-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2021-5-23-29","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of joint sale’s of pledged and non-pledged property mechanism. Under this procedure, secured creditors are deprived of their special rights provided by Article 138 of the Russian Insolvency Law. The author pays special attention to the development of an approach that allows to maintain a balance of interests of all creditors.","PeriodicalId":81750,"journal":{"name":"Jurist (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90140300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the Concept of the Development of the Legal Regulation of Relationships in the National Healthcare Digitization Sphere 论国家医疗数字化领域关系法律规制的发展构想
Jurist (Washington, D.C.) Pub Date : 2021-05-13 DOI: 10.18572/1812-3929-2021-5-69-74
Tatyana V. Zapisnaya
{"title":"On the Concept of the Development of the Legal Regulation of Relationships in the National Healthcare Digitization Sphere","authors":"Tatyana V. Zapisnaya","doi":"10.18572/1812-3929-2021-5-69-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18572/1812-3929-2021-5-69-74","url":null,"abstract":"Digitalization of domestic healthcare is one of the strategic tasks facing the digitalization of the Russian economy. The solution of this task is impossible without creating a proper legal basis. Without removing legal barriers, it is impossible to introduce the latest information and communication technologies that provide significant benefits in achieving the highest level of health. The article highlights three main areas of digitalization of Russian healthcare, and based on the analysis, the forecast of further improvement of Russian legislation in the framework of these areas is presented.","PeriodicalId":81750,"journal":{"name":"Jurist (Washington, D.C.)","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83335716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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