Aquaculture International最新文献

{"title":"Impact of dietary protein and lipid levels and growth rates on the intestinal microbiota of kuruma shrimp (Penaeus japonicus)","authors":"Chuanxi Chen,&nbsp;Chunxiang Ai,&nbsp;Wenzhi Cheng,&nbsp;Huiyang Huang,&nbsp;Guangjie Fang,&nbsp;Yiling Hou,&nbsp;Xiaojie Deng,&nbsp;Siqi Li,&nbsp;Tingting Huang,&nbsp;Yougen Chen,&nbsp;Peng Xu,&nbsp;Yong Mao","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01773-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01773-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gut microbiota is essential for host development and growth, with strong links to diet and growth performance in aquatic species. This study explores the bacterial communities in kuruma shrimp (<i>Penaeus japonicus</i>) under different diets and growth rates. Shrimp with an average initial weight of 0.30 ± 0.08 g were fed diets with varying protein (50%, 48%, and 46%) and lipid (11% and 7% in a 3 × 2 experimental design) for 7 weeks. Shrimp fed a 50% protein and 11% lipid diet exhibited superior growth performance (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteriota were predominant, with the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio increasing in response to dietary protein and lipid levels—a trend also observed in fast-growing shrimp. At the genus level, <i>Vibrio</i>, <i>Ralstonia</i>, <i>Shimia</i>, and <i>Spongiimonas</i> were prevalent, with <i>Shimia</i> identified as a biomarker in shrimp fed a high-lipid diet or those exhibiting rapid growth under identical conditions. Whether in different dietary groups or under the same condition, fast-growing shrimp displayed a more intricate bacterial network, with greater connectivity and a higher diversity of keystone taxa compared to slow-growing shrimp. The intestinal metabolism in groups fed diets with high protein and lipid levels was more active than in those receiving lower levels. Collectively, these results indicate the gut microbiota structure of shrimp with different growth performances shows different characteristics, and dietary adjustments can be used to modulate the gut microbiota structure of <i>P. japonicus</i>, promoting optimal growth performance. The diet containing 50% protein and 11% lipid could be considered optimal for its growth and gut health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of selenium on the growth and immune gene functions of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clakii)","authors":"Sahr Lamin Sumana,&nbsp;Fan Yu,&nbsp;Chen Ming,&nbsp;Zhu Minli,&nbsp;Peipei Wang,&nbsp;Cailin Huang,&nbsp;Abdullateef Mukhtar Muhammad,&nbsp;Falayi Opeoluwa Chrstiana,&nbsp;Shengyan Su,&nbsp;Yu Liao,&nbsp;Zhixin Zhang,&nbsp;Shouxiong Cao","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01683-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01683-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Selenium is a widely used essential micronutrients in aquaculture, but its excessive effects on crayfish growth parameters and immune system are still unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of selenium concentration in the soil, muscle, fatty acid profile, and gene expression of crayfish cultured in rice co-culture (CRC) model fed with commercial feed for 3 months in three locations of Guangxi Province. For this purpose, the soil samples of the three locations were collected and analyzed with the muscles of crayfish harvested were analyzed for selenium concentration. The Agilent Technology (7800 ICP-MS) was used to analyze selenium levels in soil, as well as muscle and fatty acid profiles. Additionally, gene expression profiling was conducted using qPCR, along with transcriptome analysis. On the one hand, we observed increased selenium concentrations in soil and muscle samples with significant differences (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Significant increases in AKP and T-AOC were observed in Guiping (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), with Gangnan exhibiting the lowest T-AOC levels and Qintang the lowest AKP levels. On the other hand, the boosted antioxidant defenses (SOD and CAT) and reduced lipid peroxidation (MDA) in Gangnan might indicate a more favorable oxidative environment in this area. The results demonstrated that selenium exerted a targeted effect on specific growth-related genes while overall growth remained largely unaffected. Furthermore, it was observed that selenium had a positive effect on the expression of immune-related genes in crayfish, which may have resulted in an enhanced immune response. In conclusion, the notable elevation in selenium levels in the soil, coupled with pronounced discrepancies(<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), may exert considerable influence on the muscle and fatty acid profile of crayfish. Furthermore, this increase in selenium levels may also have implications for the growth and immune functions of crayfish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of high vp28 expression in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 constructed by homologous recombination on immunity and antioxidant capacity of white spot syndrome virus infected Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Ning Ding,&nbsp;Jia Yang,&nbsp;Hang Zhang,&nbsp;Xianghong Qi,&nbsp;Fangyuan Liu,&nbsp;Yifei Shen,&nbsp;Rui Jia","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01726-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01726-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study represents the first instance of integrating the vp28 gene from the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) into the genome of <i>Synechocystis</i> sp. PCC6803 using homologous recombination technology, resulting in the construction of the homologous recombinant algae strain Hr<i>vp</i>28-6803. Compared to the directly introduced plasmid transgenic cyanobacterium <i>vp</i>28-6803, the expression efficiency of <i>vp</i>28 in Hr<i>vp</i>28-6803 was found to be 2.87 times higher. <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> were orally immunized with the transgenic cyanobacteria and subsequently challenged with WSSV 7 days later. The cumulative survival rate of <i>L. vannamei</i> infected with WSSV was 56.66% after 10 days, reflecting a 13.33% increase compared to the <i>vp</i>28-6803 group. After the challenge, immune-related enzyme activities, including alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and acid phosphatase (ACP), as well as antioxidant-related enzyme activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), were measured in the hepatopancreas of the shrimp. The enzyme activities of AKP, ACP, and T-AOC in the Hr<i>vp</i>28-6803 group were significantly higher than those in the positive control group and the <i>vp</i>28-6803 group, while the LDH level was significantly lower than that in both the positive control group and the <i>vp</i>28-6803 group. The results demonstrate that the Hr<i>vp</i>28-6803 strain significantly enhances the survival rate of <i>L. vannamei</i> and enhances their immunity and antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the homologous recombinant <i>Synechocystis</i> Hr<i>vp</i>28-6803 can be utilized as an oral immunostimulant against WSSV to provide protection for <i>L. vannamei</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of curcumin supplementation in high-fat diet on intestinal health of spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus)","authors":"Xiujuan Wang,&nbsp;Fuqiang Quan,&nbsp;Zhangfan Huang,&nbsp;Luming Kong,&nbsp;Yi Lin,&nbsp;Hao Lin,&nbsp;Sishun Zhou,&nbsp;Jianrong Ma,&nbsp;Yanbo Zhao,&nbsp;Yunting Zhao,&nbsp;Longhui Liu,&nbsp;Zhongbao Li","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01690-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01690-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examined the effects of curcumin (Cur) supplementation in high-fat diets on the intestinal antioxidant capacity, immunity, morphological structure, and microbial flora of spotted sea bass (<i>Lateolabrax maculatus</i>). Six experimental diets were formulated: a normal fat group (NF), a high-fat group (HF), and four HF groups supplemented with increasing concentrations of Cur (200, 400, 800, 1600 mg/kg Cur, referred to as Cur0.02, Cur0.04, Cur0.08, and Cur0.16, respectively). The experiment consists of 6 groups, each with 3 replicates, and each replicate contains 25 fish, with an average weight of approximately 2 ± 0.16 g per fish. The culture system is maintained with continuous oxygenation, and the rearing period lasts for 10 weeks. The results indicated that The HF diet reduced the lipase (LPS) activity in the spotted sea bass, impaired the intestinal antioxidant and immune responses in the spotted sea bass, induced intestinal damage characterized by the shedding of villous tips and muscle layers; it also reduced the diversity of the intestinal microbiota. The results indicate that the addition of 400 mg/kg Cur increased the activity of LPS and trypsin (TRS) and significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity, and lysozyme (LZM) activity in the intestines of spotted sea bass, while significantly reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. This suggests an improvement in the intestinal antioxidant and immune functions. When 200 mg/kg Cur was added, improvements were observed in the intestinal muscle layer and the tip of the intestinal villi, along with an increase in the α-diversity of the intestinal microbiota and a higher relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. In summary, the addition of 200–400 mg/kg Cur in a high-fat diet has a positive impact on the intestinal health of spotted sea bass.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring myostatin’s role and potential applications in fisheries and aquaculture: a review","authors":"Priyanka,&nbsp;Shubham Kashyap,&nbsp; Umesh,&nbsp;Kavita Verma,&nbsp;Mahender Singh,&nbsp;Neelam Yadav","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01700-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01700-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growth and development of muscles in vertebrates are regulated by myostatin and has garnered significant attention in aquaculture and fisheries due to its potential applications in increasing fish and shellfish production. The myostatin (MSTN) gene controls skeletal muscle development in all vertebrates. This strategy can increase fish growth and production of fish biomass. Higher concentrations of myostatin inhibit muscle growth, whereas lower concentrations accelerate it. Follistatin, a protein released by the liver cells in response to extreme physical activity, conquers myostatin. Therefore, there is significant interest in creating novel medications that block myostatin signaling to increase muscle mass in severe muscular atrophy. This review article provides valuable information on the significance of MSTN in enhancing the efficiency of aquaculture cultivation and it acts as an inhibitor of myogenesis by suppressing the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. Manipulating (inhibiting) myostatin expression has become a probable approach in fisheries to increase the muscle mass of fish, resulting in higher yields of edible sections in aquatic species used for aquaculture. This strategy may resolve the increasing global demand and supply for high-quality protein sources.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture of the green microalga, Haematococcus pluvialis, in low-cost vegetable-based media prepared using rotten wax gourd (Benincasa hispida)","authors":"Md. Milon Sarker,&nbsp;Mohammad Ariful Islam Sumon,&nbsp;Suraiya Sultana,&nbsp;Md. Mahfuzul Haque,&nbsp;Md Shahjahan,&nbsp;Saleha Khan","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01770-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01770-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The microalga <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i> has diversified uses including formulation of fish foods. This microalga containing fish feed produces pigment in the flesh and enhances the growth and survival rate of the aquaculture organisms. The mass culture of <i>H. pluvialis</i> using commercial inorganic medium is expensive; therefore, in the present study, an alternate low-cost vegetable waste-based medium, the supernatant of the digested rotten wax gourd (<i>Benincasa hispida</i>), was used to culture the microalga. To assess the growth performance, <i>H. pluvialis</i> was cultured in 25% (T₁), 50% (T₂), and 75% (T₃) of the digested rotten wax gourd supernatant (DRWGS) and in commercial Kosaric Medium (KM) (T₄). The proximate composition of the rotten wax gourd, the physicochemical characteristics of the DRWGS, and the measured physicochemical parameters of the cultured media prepared using the DRWGS revealed the suitability of the rotten wax gourd for the growth of <i>H. pluvialis</i>. The growth of <i>H. pluvialis</i> in terms of cell density, mean daily division rate, optical density, dry cell weight, and chlorophyll-<i>a</i> was found highest in T₄, followed by T₃, T₂, and T₁, respectively. Importantly, the growth parameters and the protein and lipid content of the microalga <i>H. pluvialis</i> exhibited no significant (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) difference between T₄ (KM) and T₃ (75% DRWGS). The findings of the present study revealed that the digested rotten wax gourd supernatant can be utilized for the mass culture of the microalga <i>H. pluvialis</i>, and the higher concentration up to a certain level of the supernatant is good for the culture. The cost of production of a certain amount of the commercial medium KM is about two times higher than the production of the same amount of the 75% DRWGS medium. This low-cost DRWGS can be used in mass production of the microalga <i>H. pluvialis</i> which has a high potential in rearing zooplankton and fish larvae in hatcheries. Fish larvae grown on live feeds (microalgae and zooplankton) normally have high growth and survival rate. Adequate supply of high-quality fish larvae to the farmers in due time is the prerequisite for sustainable enhanced aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic overview of the N4-like TEMp-D1 phage and the efficacy of antibiotic-phage synergy for the biocontrol of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae","authors":"Asiye Esra Eren Eroğlu,&nbsp;İhsan Yaşa","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01723-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01723-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Photobacterium damselae</i> subsp. damselae (PDD) is a pathogenic bacterium that affects both marine animals and humans. It poses a significant problem for aquaculture and a threat to public health. Phages are considered potential therapeutics due to their high specificity against pathogens and environmental friendliness. The Phage-Antibiotic Synergy (PAS) approach has recently shown strong potential as an alternative strategy to overcome the resistance of bacteria to both phages and antibiotics. In this study, we investigated the genomic characteristics of the TEMp-D1 phage, which specifically infects PDD, and the effects of different environmental conditions on phage stability. The genome of TEMp-D1 is 72,582 bp in length with a GC content of 55.1%. Sequence analysis revealed 97 potential coding sequences (CDS) with an N4-like genomic organization. Phylogenetic analysis using the whole genome proteomic tree and the amino acid sequence of the large terminase subunit showed a close relationship between TEMp-D1 and phages infecting <i>Vibrio</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> species. Furthermore, the effects of PAS were examined using sublethal doses (1/4 MIC) of four antibiotics (oxytetracycline, florfenicol, sulfadiazine-trimethoprim, and enrofloxacin) and the TEMp-D1 phage on in vitro PDD biofilm formation and cell growth. Inhibition rates were significantly higher in the PAS-treated groups compared to those treated with phage or antibiotics alone. These results demonstrate the potential of TEMp-D1 and antibiotic combinations for use against PDD in aquaculture and other in vivo applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of biofloc system effects on water quality, growth, innate immunity, physiological status, and immune- and growth-related gene expressions in early growth stages of thin-lipped mullet (Liza ramada)","authors":"Fatma M. Zaki,&nbsp;Mohamed M. Said,&nbsp;M. A. Amer,&nbsp;Riad H. Khalil,&nbsp;Hagar Sedeek Dighiesh","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01696-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01696-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 90-day experiment was carried out to study the influence of biofloc system on water quality, growth, feed utilization, survivability, bacteria in fish gut, and physiological and immunological responses of thin-lipped mullet (<i>Liza ramada</i>). Two treatments, clear water (CW) and biofloc (BFS), were each designed in triplicates. Both treatments were stocked with <i>Liza ramada</i> (mean weight of 1.18 ± 0.02 g). BFS group showed the highest final body weight, weight gain, average daily weight gain, and specific growth rate, the lowest feed conversion ratio, and the highest protein efficiency ratio and survivability. The proximate analysis of biofloc samples showed that percent crude protein and lipid were 26.17 and 7.75% respectively with the presence of essential minerals required for fish growth. The total body chemical composition of fish demonstrated improved crude protein and fat in <i>Liza ramada</i> stocked in BFS compared to CW. The highest total bacterial count and <i>Bacillus</i> number were recorded in the intestine of fish kept under BFS. Protease, lipase, and amylase levels significantly increased in fish stocked in BFS. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in fish kept under BFS treatment, while cortisol, alanine aminotransferase, and serum aspartate aminotransferase showed the lowest activity. Significantly high serum total protein, serum albumin, serum globulin, phagocytic activity, lysozymes, respiratory burst activity, and immunoglobulin M were observed in fish raised in BFS compared to CW. The intestinal histomorphometry examination showed a significantly high villi length and width, crypt depth, high number of intraepithelial lymphocytes, and goblet cells in BFS group. BFS resulted in a significantly up-regulation of the immune genes in the liver (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-10) and the growth-related genes in the liver (IGF-1 and GH) compared to CW treatment. These results revealed that applying biofloc system in the rearing of <i>Liza ramada</i> resulted in many advantages including growth improvement, high survivability, enhanced activity of digestive enzymes, antioxidant system, immunological response, gut health, and decreased stress enzymes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-024-01696-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential effects of inulin as a dietary supplement on immunity, antioxidant, and intestinal health of spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) fed a high-fat diet","authors":"Fuqiang Quan,&nbsp;Xiujuan Wang,&nbsp;Luimin Kong,&nbsp;Yi Lin,&nbsp;Hao Lin,&nbsp;Sishun Zhou,&nbsp;Jianrong Ma,&nbsp;Yanbo Zhao,&nbsp;Yunting Zhao,&nbsp;Longhui Liu,&nbsp;ZhongBao Li","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01678-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01678-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study was to investigate the potential effects of inulin on the immune capacity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microflora of spotted sea bass (<i>Lateolabrax maculatus</i>) fed a high-fat diet. A total of 360 juvenile spotted sea bass were randomly assigned to six groups, with each group having three replicates and each replicate consisting of twenty fish. The six groups included a Calvin Klein (CK) group fed a normal-fat diet, a group fed a high-fat diet (HF), and four groups fed a high-fat diet supplemented with 0.5% (G1), 1% (G2), 1.5% (G3), and 2% (G4) inulin, respectively. The experiment lasted for ten weeks. The results indicate that the consumption of a high-fat diet leads to oxidative stress injury, reduced immunity, abnormal intestinal histopathology, and an imbalance in intestinal flora in spotted sea bass compared to the CK group. However, compared to the HF group, supplementation with inulin significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity while reducing malondialdehyde acid (MDA)content. Notably, supplementation at a concentration of 1.5% also resulted in significant increases in levels of Complement 3 (C3) and Immunoglobulin M (IgM), while simultaneously improving the morphology of intestinal tissue. Moreover, the analysis at the phylum-level revealed that <i>Bacteroidetes</i>, <i>Proteobacteria</i>, and <i>Firmicutes</i> were the predominant bacterial groups found in the intestines of spotted sea bass. In terms of genus-level identification, <i>Muribaculaceae</i>, <i>Citrobacter</i>, and <i>Prevotellaceae_UCG-001</i> were identified as dominant bacterial groups. The abundances of <i>Bacteroidetes</i> and <i>Muribaculaceae</i> initially increased but then decreased with increasing supplementation amounts. These results reveal that the use of INU in aquaculture has a positive effect on regulating the gut microbiota of the spotted sea bass, promoting its immunity and antioxidant capacity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amelioration of hypoxia and cold stress in Nile tilapia: comparative effect of Chlorella vulgaris and its nanoparticle dietary supplementation on performance, antioxidant, hepatic functions, and meat quality","authors":"Hadeer Youssuf,&nbsp;Eman I. Soror,&nbsp;Ahmed Shehab,&nbsp;Amira M. El-daim,&nbsp;Zienab H. Abo-Gamil,&nbsp;Omar Ahmed-Farid,&nbsp;Ahmed Hamad,&nbsp;Shimaa Edris,&nbsp;Aya F. Matter","doi":"10.1007/s10499-024-01739-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10499-024-01739-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nile tilapia, a widely cultivated freshwater fish, faces significant stressors, such as hypoxia and cold temperatures, which can negatively impact its quality and growth. The current study explored the impact of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (CV) powder and its nanoparticles (CVNPs) on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, liver protection, and meat quality of Nile tilapia to alleviate hypoxia and cold stress. A total of 450 healthy 28-day-old Nile tilapia fingerlings (average weight 5.32 ± 1.1 g, length 3.1 ± 0.5 cm) were divided into five groups: T1 (2.5 g/kg CV), T2 (5 g/kg CV), T3 (2.5 g/kg CVNP), T4 (5 g/kg CVNP), and the control group received a basal diet without additives, each with three subgroups in tri-replicate (10 fish/replicate). After six weeks of feeding, growth metrics and meat quality parameters were assessed, and each group was subjected to hypoxia, cold stress, or optimal conditions. The results revealed that T4 exhibited the highest weight gain (WG) and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR), whereas T1 showed the highest specific growth rate (SGR) and length gain. Hypoxia and cold stress significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increased cortisol, oxidative markers (MDA, NO, and GSSG), and liver enzymes (ALT and AST) while reducing (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) antioxidant markers (SOD and GSH) and total cholesterol (TC). ATP levels significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) decreased in hypoxic fish, indicating muscle energy depletion. T1 significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) lowered cortisol levels, whereas T2 and T3 significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. T2 also significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increased the TC level. ALT levels significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) decreased at T1, T2, and T4, with AST levels reduced at T4 only. CV and CVNP supplementation significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) reduced the muscle MDA levels under optimal and stressful conditions, notably at T1 and T4. Additionally, meat lightness, yellowness, and chroma significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increased in stressed tilapia, whereas meat redness was improved under optimal conditions. Fatty acid profiles varied with CV and CVNP levels across different conditions. In conclusion, CV, particularly in the nanoparticle form, enhanced the growth, antioxidant activity, and meat quality of tilapia under physical stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8122,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture International","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10499-024-01739-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}