Evaluation of gut-derived quorum quenchers: battling vibriosis with shrimp-source probiotics using brine shrimp model

Aquaculture is expected to meet the increasing need for aquatic animal proteins. However, rapid expansion of aquaculture, high stocking densities, and poor management practices have all been linked to the prevalence of vibriosis and associated diseases in shrimp farming. The extensive use of antimicrobials has led to considerable adverse effects, notably the development of antimicrobial resistance, emphasizing the need for sustainable and alternative disease management strategies. This study evaluates the potential of quorum-quenching isolates (QQIs) against Vibrio spp using brine shrimp as a model organism. Fifty shrimp from inland saline environments were dissected to isolate bacteria, identified to the species level using MALDI-TOF MS. Based on prior research and initial assessments, Bacillus cereus, Oceanobacillus kimachii, and Bacillus marisflavi were selected as QQIs. For in vivo test, brine shrimp were exposed to Vibrio parahaemolyticus with or without QQIs. Survival rates were assessed at 24 and 48 h. The QQIs effectively degraded AHL molecules and exhibited antagonistic activity comparable to that of the control group. Also, demonstrated significant extracellular enzyme activities crucial for disrupting quorum sensing (QS) molecules. In vivo findings indicate that QQIs, specifically B. cereus and O. kimachii, significantly enhance Artemia survival in the presence of V. parahaemolyticus. Together, the identified QQIs B. cereus, and O. kimachii, demonstrate remarkable quorum-quenching capabilities, rendering them ideal QQP (Quorum-quenching probiotics) for use in various shrimp farming environments for effective disease management.