Annals of Science最新文献_第7页

Sound authorities: scientific and musical knowledge in nineteenth-century Britain 声音权威:19世纪英国的科学和音乐知识

IF 0.3 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2023-07-30 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2240810

Coreen Mcguire

引用次数: 1

The Doctor Who Wasn’t There: Technology, History, and the Limits of Telehealth 《不在场的医生:远程医疗的技术、历史和局限

IF 0.3 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2239825

Ji Wei

引用次数: 0

Galilean resonances: the role of experiment in Turing's construction of machine intelligence. 伽利略共振：实验在图灵构建机器智能中的作用。

IF 0.3 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4439943

Bernardo Gonçalves

{"title":"Galilean resonances: the role of experiment in Turing's construction of machine intelligence.","authors":"Bernardo Gonçalves","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4439943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4439943","url":null,"abstract":"In 1950, Alan Turing proposed his iconic imitation game, calling it a 'test', an 'experiment', and the 'the only really satisfactory support' for his view that machines can think. Following Turing's rhetoric, the 'Turing test' has been widely received as a kind of crucial experiment to determine machine intelligence. In later sources, however, Turing showed a milder attitude towards what he called his 'imitation tests'. In 1948, Turing referred to the persuasive power of 'the actual production of machines' rather than that of a controlled experiment. Observing this, I propose to distinguish the logical structure from the rhetoric of Turing's argument. I argue that Turing's proposal of a crucial experiment may have been a concession to meet the standards of his interlocutors more than his own, while his construction of machine intelligence rather reveals a method of successive idealizations and exploratory experiments. I will draw a parallel with Galileo's construction of idealized fall in a void and the historiographical controversies over the role of experiment in Galilean science. I suggest that Turing, like Galileo, relied on certain kinds of experiment, but also on rhetoric and propaganda to inspire further research that could lead to convincing scientific and technological progress.","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47959181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fertile substrate: the rise, fall, and succession of popular microscopy in Great Britain. 肥沃的基质:英国流行显微术的兴起、衰落和继承。

IF 0.3 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2181398

Nathan Edward Charles Smith

{"title":"Fertile substrate: the rise, fall, and succession of popular microscopy in Great Britain.","authors":"Nathan Edward Charles Smith","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2181398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2181398","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the rise and fall of the British popular microscopy movement during the decades surrounding the turn of the twentieth century. It highlights that what is currently understood as microscopy was actually two inter-related but distinct communities and argues that the recognized collapse of microscopical societies in the closing decades of the nineteenth century was the result of amateur specialization. It finds the roots of popular microscopy in the Working Men's College movement and highlights how microscopy adopted its Christian Socialist pedagogy of equality and fraternity, resulting in a radical scientific movement that both prized and encouraged publication by its amateur adherents, who often occupied the middle and working classes. It studies the taxonomic boundaries of this popular microscopy, particularly focusing on its relationship with the study of cryptogams or 'lower plants'. It explores how its success combined with its radical approach to publication and self-sufficiency created the conditions for its collapse, as devotees established a range of successor communities that had tighter taxonomic bounds. Finally, it shows how the philosophy and practices of popular microscopy continued in these successor communities, focusing on the British expression of mycology, the study of fungi.","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":"80 3","pages":"268-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9921261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nautical astrology: a forgotten early modern tradition. 航海占星术:一个被遗忘的早期现代传统。

IF 0.3 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2179111

Luís Campos Ribeiro

引用次数: 0

Newton's 'De Aere et Aethere' and the introduction of interparticulate forces into his physics. 牛顿的“论爱与以太”以及将粒子间力引入他的物理学。

IF 0.3 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2192721

John Henry

{"title":"Newton's 'De Aere et Aethere' and the introduction of interparticulate forces into his physics.","authors":"John Henry","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2192721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2192721","url":null,"abstract":"As well as the mathematically-supported celestial mechanics that Newton developed in his Principia, Newton also proposed a more speculative natural philosophy of interparticulate forces of attraction and repulsion. Although this speculative philosophy was not made public before the 'Queries' which Newton appended to the Opticks, it originated far earlier in Newton's career. This article makes the case that Newton's short, unfinished manuscript, entitled 'De Aere et Aethere', should be seen as an important landmark in Newton's intellectual development, being the first work in which Newton assumed there are repulsive forces operating at a distance between the particles of bodies. The article offers an account of how Newton came to write 'De Aere et Aethere' and why. It also outlines its relationship to the 'Conclusio', with which Newton briefly intended to finish the Principia, and to the 'Queries' in the Opticks. The date of the manuscript is disputed, and the article also aims to settle this dispute. Claims that the 'De Aere et Aethere' must have been written before the 'Hypothesis... of Light' of 1675 are dismissed, and it is suggested, following R. S. Westfall, that it was written after a well-known letter Newton wrote to Boyle early in 1679.","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":"80 3","pages":"232-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9551033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kant & the Naturalistic Turn of 18th century philosophy 康德与18世纪哲学的自然主义转向

IF 0.3 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2222748

Michael J. Olson

引用次数: 0

Anachronisms in the History of Mathematics: Essays on the Historical Interpretation of Mathematical Texts 数学史上的编年史：数学文本的历史解读随笔

IF 0.3 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2218379

T. Archibald

引用次数: 0

Pierre Gassendi: humanism, science, and the birth of modern philosophy 皮埃尔·加森迪:人文主义、科学与现代哲学的诞生