Annals of clinical research最新文献_第6页

Comparison of the hemodynamic effects of five calcium channel blockers at rest and during exercise in essential hypertension. 5种钙通道阻滞剂对高血压患者静息和运动时血流动力学影响的比较。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

P Omvik, P Lund-Johansen

{"title":"Comparison of the hemodynamic effects of five calcium channel blockers at rest and during exercise in essential hypertension.","authors":"P Omvik, P Lund-Johansen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Dihydropyridine and verapamil-like calcium channel blockers reduce blood pressure (BP) in essential hypertension (EH) but have different effects on heart rate (HR) at rest. This study compares the HR and hemodynamic responses to exercise of long-term treatment with nifedipine, nisoldipine, verapamil, tiapamil and diltiazem in five groups of patients with mild and moderate EH (diastolic BP ranging 100-120 mmHg). In a total of 76 patients (mean age 43 years) BP was measured intraarterially, cardiac output by dye dilution (Cardiogreen) and HR by electrocardiogram. Acutely HR and cardiac index (CI) rose (9 and 12%) while BP and total peripheral resistance index (TPRI) were reduced (9 and 19%). After one year calcium channel blockade intraarterial pressure at rest sitting fell from 172/105 to 150/91 mmHg (13%) and at 100 W exercise from 205/109 to 188/97 mmHg (10%). HR remained unchanged in the dihydropyridine groups (range +/- 3%) in all situations while it invariably fell (range 3 to 15%) in the groups treated with verapamil-like calcium blockers. The fall in HR was greater during exercise than at rest (mean 10% vs 6%). With these drugs stroke volume (SV) tended to increase (range 1 to 10%) while it remained unchanged in the dihydropyridine groups. Only minor changes were seen in CO. In all groups the TPRI fell, averaging 15% at rest and during exercise. Thus, the verapamil-like calcium blockers induce a negative chronotropic effect that is enhanced during work, but the cardiac pump function is preserved by a compensatory increase in SI. Independent on the cardiac responses both groups of calcium blockers lower BP by peripheral vasodilatation both at rest and during exercise.","PeriodicalId":8084,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical research","volume":"20 Suppl 48 ","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14379059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The prevalence of insomnia: the importance of operationally defined criteria. 失眠症的患病率:操作性定义标准的重要性。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

B Liljenberg, M Almqvist, J Hetta, B E Roos, H Agren

{"title":"The prevalence of insomnia: the importance of operationally defined criteria.","authors":"B Liljenberg, M Almqvist, J Hetta, B E Roos, H Agren","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies on the prevalence of sleep disturbances have shown that insomnia occurs in 3.2-42% of different populations. The wide reported variation in prevalence prompted a rigorous definition of insomnia to be introduced in this study. Randomly selected members of the population aged 30 to 65 years from two geographically different rural parts of central Sweden answered a sleep questionnaire. The response rates were 69.2% and 70.2%, respectively. Females significantly more often reported difficulty in falling asleep (7.1% of the women and 5.1% of the men). Among women 8.9 and among men 7.7% of individuals reported trouble with nocturnal awakenings. Using a stringently defined concept of insomnia as a disorder of initiating sleep (DIS), the prevalence rate of insomnia among women was 1.1% and among men 0.5%. Defining insomnia as a disorder of maintaining sleep (DMS), the prevalence among both women and men was 1.1%. Defining insomnia as a disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS), the prevalence rate was 1.7% among women and 1.4% among men. This prevalence, which is lower than previously reported, demonstrate the importance of an operational definition of insomnia.","PeriodicalId":8084,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical research","volume":"20 6","pages":"393-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14346794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prolactin release induced by physical exercise is independent from peripheral vasoactive intestinal polypeptide secretion. 体育锻炼诱导的催乳素释放与外周血管活性肠多肽分泌无关。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

E Rolandi, E Reggiani, R Franceschini, G B Arras, A Cataldi, F de Lucia, T Barreca

引用次数: 0

Differences in betablocking drugs in cardiovascular therapy. β阻断药物在心血管治疗中的差异。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

E Iisalo, J Heikkilä

{"title":"Differences in betablocking drugs in cardiovascular therapy.","authors":"E Iisalo, J Heikkilä","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Clinically significant differences between various beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs exist. Patients with ischaemic heart disease and exertional angina pectoris benefit from all types of beta-blockers. Drugs with intrinsic sympathomimetic action (ISA) given intravenously may be safer in some patients with acute myocardial infarction than those drugs without ISA. In cardiac patients at rest they may have a vasodilator action and cause less myocardial depression than beta-blockers without ISA. When, however, the cardiac sympathetic tone is high pindolol and other beta-blockers with ISA act as any other beta-blockers, producing haemodynamic impairment. Studies have shown that beta-blockers with ISA confer less benefit in secondary prevention after myocardial infarction and they are not suitable for the treatment of obstructive cardiomyopathy. Non-selective beta-blockers may be advantageous in hypokalaemic arrhythmias. Beta 1-blockers may be preferred for patients with bronchoconstriction, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease and, theoretically to some extent in theory also in patients with hypertension. The extent and nature of side effects may also influence the selection of the most suitable beta-blocker in cardiovascular therapy.","PeriodicalId":8084,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical research","volume":"20 5","pages":"324-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14042341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exercise prescription in medical practice. 医学实践中的运动处方。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

I Vuori

引用次数: 0

From exercise physiology to preventive medicine. 从运动生理学到预防医学。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

P O Astrand

引用次数: 0

Alterations in sodium-potassium regulation in mononuclear leucocytes from young borderline hypertensive and offspring of hypertensive patients. 年轻交界性高血压患者及其后代单核白细胞钠钾调节的改变。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

J R Nielsen, K E Pedersen, N A Klitgaard, T Johansen