Annals of clinical research最新文献

The significance of estrogen receptors in tamoxifen and toremifene therapy. 雌激素受体在他莫昔芬和托瑞米芬治疗中的意义。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

R Valavaara, L Kangas

引用次数: 0

XIVth Nordic Hypertension Meeting. August 25-28, 1988. Haikko, Finland. Proceedings. 第十四届北欧高血压会议。1988年8月25日至28日。Haikko,芬兰。程序。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

引用次数: 0

Dopamine receptors and psychiatric drug treatment. 多巴胺受体与精神药物治疗。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

E K Syvälahti

{"title":"Dopamine receptors and psychiatric drug treatment.","authors":"E K Syvälahti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The established antipsychotic drugs act mainly by antagonizing dopamine mediated synaptic transmission in the brain. Increase in the rate of production of dopamine metabolites as well as the firing rate of dopamine-containing neurons can be interpreted as compensatory responses to an interruption of synaptic transmission at dopamine nerve terminals. The demonstration of involvement of limbic and cortical mechanisms in the antipsychotic activity of neuroleptic drugs is far more difficult than the involvement of nigro-striatal and tubero-infundibular mechanisms in the neurological and neuroendocrine effects of these drugs. Application of radioreceptor techniques to dopamine research has supported the findings obtained by other neuropsychopharmacological research techniques, providing more direct evidence of dopamine receptor blockade by neuroleptic drugs. Further research is needed especially in studying the nature of the time-dependent adaptive changes at the receptor sites as well as the differences between the different dopamine projections and neural systems in the brain. The different subtypes of dopamine receptors in the brain, currently called D1 and D2 dopamine receptors, seem to be parallel, although in many respects independently-acting regulatory systems. Dopamine D2 receptor-selective antagonists such as sulpiride seem to cause selective D2 receptor up-regulation. Prolactin secretion seems to be regulated by D2 dopamine receptors. The exact physiological role of D1 dopamine receptors as well as the clinical consequences of selective D1 antagonism is not known. Sulpiride and clozapine are examples of atypical neuroleptic compounds that have quite different profile of action, the former having strong and selective antidopaminergic action, the latter combining a number of non- dopaminergic mechanisms with rather slight effects on dopamine receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":8084,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical research","volume":"20 5","pages":"340-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14042342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The evolution of mass atherosclerotic diseases: the rationale for primary prevention. 大规模动脉粥样硬化性疾病的演变:一级预防的基本原理。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

H Blackburn

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More exercise for the hyperlipidaemic patients? 高脂血症患者应该多运动吗?

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

M Hanefeld, S Fischer, U Julius, W Leonhardt, E Schubert, H Beckert

{"title":"More exercise for the hyperlipidaemic patients?","authors":"M Hanefeld, S Fischer, U Julius, W Leonhardt, E Schubert, H Beckert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Epidemiological studies have left no doubt that moderate to vigorous physical training (PT) of endurance type decreases atherogenic lipoprotein fractions and increases vasoprotective lipoproteins. Depending on the underlying metabolic abnormality in various dyslipoproteinaemias a different response to endurance training was observed. PT is particularly effective in most forms of primary hypertriglyceridaemias. PT acts on both excessive VLDL production and fractional catabolic rate of TG--rich lipoproteins. However, improved removal seems to be of dominating importance. In primary hypercholesterolaemia LDL--cholesterol levels did not change during a 4 weeks exercise regimen with standardized isocaloric lipid lowering diet. In observational studies with hyperlipidaemic patients with stable body weight and under lipid lowering diet, during the first 4-6 weeks no significant effect on HDL was seen, whereas longterm studies clearly demonstrate an increase in HDL--cholesterol. Further beneficial effects of PT in hyperlipidaemic patients are improved glucose tolerance, down--regulation of hyperinsulinaemia, lowering of blood pressure and correction of hypercoagulability of the blood.","PeriodicalId":8084,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical research","volume":"20 1-2","pages":"77-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14534131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Central-type and peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors. 中枢型和外周型苯二氮卓受体。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

V Saano

{"title":"Central-type and peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors.","authors":"V Saano","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The benzodiazepines had already been in wide use as anxiolytics and anticonvulsants for more than ten years before their site of action in the central nervous system, the benzodiazepine receptor, was discovered. Simultaneously, a binding site in the peripheral organs, e.g. heart, lungs and kidneys, was found. Although some benzodiazepines, such as diazepam, bind to both central and peripheral benzodiazepine receptors with a high affinity, these two binding sites exhibit quite different properties. It is already clear that the central benzodiazepine receptors are in many regions of the brain coupled with the receptors for gamma-amino butyric acid, and they mediate the acute actions of benzodiazepines in the central nervous system. Through them opposite effects, such as anxiety and convulsions, can also be evoked by using inverse agonists, e.g. some beta-carbolines. All these effects can be blocked with benzodiazepine receptor antagonists, some of which are already used as specific antidotes against benzodiazepine overdose. The multitude of pharmacological effects that can be produced through central benzodiazepine receptors provides a good opportunity for the development of new drugs. The role of the peripheral-type receptors is less clear, but it seems that they are connected with more slowly-appearing drug actions, such as modulation of cell proliferation. Now that endogenous ligands for both the central-type (a peptide called diazepam binding inhibitor; DBI) and for the peripheral-type (porphyrins) benzodiazepine receptors have been discovered, even more productive research can be expected.","PeriodicalId":8084,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical research","volume":"20 5","pages":"348-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13988341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Is there a link between infection and infarction? 感染和梗塞之间有联系吗?

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

J Syrjänen

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Increased incidence of duodenitis in chronic renal failure. 慢性肾衰竭患者十二指肠炎发病率增高。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

K Ala-Kaila, I Paronen, T Paakkala

引用次数: 0

The Finnish sauna and cardiovascular diseases. 芬兰桑拿和心血管疾病。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

A Eisalo, O J Luurila