Apidologie最新文献

{"title":"The effects of zinc-methionine and Sel-Plex on the hypopharyngeal gland size, royal jelly yield and composition and the relative expression of hsp90 and trx gene in honey bees under heat stress","authors":"Khalil Rasouli-Nadergoli,&nbsp;Ali Asghar Sadeghi,&nbsp;Parvin Shawrang,&nbsp;Mohammad Chamani","doi":"10.1007/s13592-025-01159-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-025-01159-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic zinc and selenium on the antioxidant indices, acini size, royal jelly production, and relative expression of <i>hsp90</i> and <i>trx</i> genes in honey bees under heat stress. Twenty five colonies were exposed to heat stress (42 °C for at least 4 h per day) and randomly divided into five treatments. Treatments were C), the control group receiving syrup without additives and other groups receiving syrup containing 2500 µg/L of zinc (T1), 5000 µg/L of zinc (T2), 500 µg/L selenium (T3), and 1000 µg/L selenium (T4). Organic zinc increased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), but selenium supplementation decreased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) the activities of thioredoxin peroxidase and catalase. Organic zinc and selenium supplements decreased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), the relative gene expression of <i>hsp90</i> but increased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) gene expression of <i>trx</i> as compared to control. The lowest acini size was observed in C and the greatest acini size was observed in T2 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Acini size increased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) as dose of organic zinc increased but not for selenium doses. It was concluded that supplementation of zinc at dose of 5000 µg/L and selenium at a dose of 500 µg /L has beneficial effects on producing royal jelly colonies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural viral infection, individual immunity, and flight performance in honey bee Apis mellifera drones","authors":"Angelina Fathia Osabutey,&nbsp;Sharif Hamdo,&nbsp;Tal Erez,&nbsp;Elad Bonda,&nbsp;Assaf Otmy,&nbsp;Victoria Soroker","doi":"10.1007/s13592-025-01157-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-025-01157-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In honey bees, drones’ flight ability is crucial for their mating success. In this study, we assessed the flight ability of drones from three age cohorts (1–3 weeks old) by flight mill and subsequently examined their sexual development and status, viral infection by deformed wing viruses type A and B (DWV-A, DWV-B) and Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) and expression of six immune genes by RT-qPCR. Sexually matured drones flew longer distances compared to immature drones. Infections of DWV-A and IAPV were common in drones, but their impact on drone flight differed. Flight distance and speed were negatively correlated with loads of IAPV and DWV-B, respectively, in 14- to 15-day-old drones, but not in 7 days old. Flight speed was negatively correlated with the expression of protein lethal 2 (<i>Pl2</i>) and peptidoglycan recognition protein S2 (<i>PGRP-S2</i>) in 14- to 15-day-old drones. These findings suggest trade-off between a drone’s flight performance and their immunity and/or the impact of virus infection on drones’ flight ability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-025-01157-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Varroa mites exhibit strong host fidelity despite spatial desegregation of mite and host species in Vietnam","authors":"Thi Thu Ha Nguyen,&nbsp;Yong-Chao Su,&nbsp;Adam L. Cronin","doi":"10.1007/s13592-025-01167-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-025-01167-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parasitic mites of the genus <i>Varroa</i> pose a serious threat to global apiculture. Host switches from native to introduced <i>Apis</i> species have occurred in multiple <i>Varroa</i> species, in some cases with devastating results. Additional host shifts and hybridisation among mite species and mite lineages on different hosts represent significant risks for apiculture and natural ecosystems. Quantifying this risk is thus an essential step toward management. The risk of hybridization among mite lineages on different hosts is likely to be at its highest in eastern Asia, where multiple host and mite lineages occur sympatrically. The available evidence, however, is somewhat contradictory, suggesting gene flow is occurring in some localities, but limited or absent in others. In this study, we elucidate the relationships between <i>Varroa</i> mites collected from <i>A. mellifera</i> and <i>A. cerana</i> in Vietnam, a region of high overlap of mite species and hosts, using a combination of genome-wide SNPs and mitochondrial sequence data. Our results indicate an absence of any new host shifts and a lack of gene flow across host species and between mite species, despite considerable overlap in mite and host species ranges. This confirms the findings of several earlier studies in this area but contrasts with evidence of hybridization in other regions, suggesting regional differences in the potential for gene flow between host/mite combinations. Nonetheless, we suggest this area remains one of high risk, because of (i) considerable overlap of mite lineages which elsewhere have been shown capable of interbreeding, (ii) evidence we find of human-mediated long-range dispersal events, which increase the chance of interaction among different mite lineages, and (iii) the persistent threat of secondary factors such as disease transmission, which may be facilitated by both of the factors above.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-025-01167-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Vespa velutina nigrithorax pressure: Honey bee risk survival to alien invasion","authors":"Ana Diéguez-Antón,&nbsp;Olga Escuredo,&nbsp;M. Carmen Seijo,&nbsp;M. Shantal Rodríguez-Flores","doi":"10.1007/s13592-025-01158-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-025-01158-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The yellow-legged hornet is an invasive species that has been established in Galicia, northwestern Spain, since 2012. This hornet shows an increased level of invasiveness, which allows it to grow and spread rapidly throughout the territory. Furthermore, the climatic characteristics of the region have contributed to their establishment, with beekeeping being the most affected sector. The study aimed to monitor the predatory behavior of Vespa velutina and its correlation with environmental conditions, as well as the honey bee survival risk of the predation. Temperatures ranging from 17 to 26 °C were the most suitable for observing the higher number of hornets. The hornets were observed in front of the colonies for 16 h a day for 11 months. The presence of five or more hornets posed a risk to the survival of the honey bee colonies. Beekeepers should manage their colonies with artificial feeding and use control methods for survival against V. velutina.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-025-01158-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the potency, safety, and genetic makeup of Bacillus thuringiensis NBAIR BtVGa2: a promising biocontrol agent against Galleria mellonella L.","authors":"Venu H. Shamappa,&nbsp;Shylesha A. Nanjundaiah,&nbsp;Ruqiya Seegenahalli,&nbsp;Shivakumara K. Thammayya,&nbsp;Jagadeesh Patil,&nbsp;Prasannakumar M. Krishnareddy,&nbsp;Pramesh Devanna,&nbsp;Satya N. Sushil,&nbsp;Manjunatha Channappa","doi":"10.1007/s13592-025-01160-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-025-01160-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The greater wax moth, <i>Galleria mellonella</i> L., is a noxious pest in beekeeping, causing huge economic loss by weakening the colonies and reducing honey production. Present wax moth management techniques are ineffective, potentially leading to the loss of bee colonies. Utilization of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> is emerging as a sustainable practice for managing <i>G. mellonella</i>. Hence, in the present study, five <i>B</i>. <i>thuringiensis</i> isolates were isolated from soil samples and a <i>G. mellonella</i> cadaver, and all the isolates were characterized for morphological and molecular characteristics. The in vitro bioassay studies showed strain NBAIR BtVGa2 isolated from <i>G. mellonella</i> cadaver is very effective against wax moth second instar larvae with a lower LC₅₀ value of 5.40 μg/mL as compared to other <i>B</i>. <i>thuringiensis</i> strains. Biosafety studies showed NBAIR BtVGa2 is 97% safer for larvae and adults of honeybees since the strain does not consist of any hymenopteran-specific insecticidal genes. The plasmid sequencing of NBAIR BtVGa2 generated 891,714 paired-end reads with 34.13% GC content and a 0.89-Mbp genome size, along with 903 protein-coding genes with a single tRNA. The plasmid profiling of NBAIR BtVGa2 identified many insecticidal genes, viz., <i>cry</i>1Ac5, <i>cry</i>2Aa9, Zwa5A, Zwa5B, Zwa6, mpp46Ab1, and vpb4Ca1, in which mpp46Ab1 and vpb4Ca1 were novel genes with only 33.61 and 66.42% sequence similarity, respectively. The presence of these genes was validated by PCR amplification, and the structure of these insecticidal genes has also been predicted. Overall, the study identified a highly efficient strain of <i>B</i>. <i>thuringiensis</i> for the biological management of <i>G. mellonella</i>. The study also deciphered molecular mechanisms behind the efficiency of the NBAIR BtVGa2 strain. The study opened the path for the biological method of management of <i>G. mellonella</i> considering the safety of honeybees.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><p>Depicting molecular mechanism behind biocontrol potential of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> strain NBAIR BtVGa2</p>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific note updating allelic nomenclature standards of the highly diverse complementary sex-determiner locus in honey bees","authors":"Kate E. Ihle,&nbsp;Alexandria N. Payne,&nbsp;Christine G. Elsik,&nbsp;Lelania Bilodeau","doi":"10.1007/s13592-025-01161-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-025-01161-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Honey bees rely on haplodiploidy for sex determination. Here, diploid eggs develop into females (i.e., queens and workers) and haploid eggs develop into males (i.e., drones). This system is regulated by <i>complementary sex-determiner</i> (<i>csd</i>)—a single, multi-allelic locus with very high diversity. Honey bees heterozygous at the <i>csd</i> locus will develop into females, while hemizygosity results in normal male development. Homozygosity at <i>csd</i> results in abnormal diploid males. Diploid males are usually destroyed by the workers early in development which can negatively impact the colony population, growth, and productivity. As such, maintaining genetic diversity at <i>csd</i> is critical for the health and productivity of honey bee populations. This is reflected in the increasing number of studies examining <i>csd</i> diversity in local and global populations. However, many <i>csd</i> alleles appear in multiple studies and have been assigned several different names, complicating cross-study comparisons. In 2020, we developed a standardized nomenclature for the hypervariable region (HVR) of honey bee <i>csd</i> alleles to facilitate a better understanding of <i>csd</i> diversity within and between populations. Here, we present an updated database including all <i>csd</i> sequences deposited into GenBank since our last publication. In only the last 4 years, 370 new <i>csd</i> sequences were deposited, including 154 novel HVR sequences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and population structure of Apis cerana complementary sex determiner (csd) genes in China","authors":"Yufei Zou,&nbsp;Congcong Ji,&nbsp;Jiao Tang,&nbsp;Ruiyi Cheng,&nbsp;Jinqiong Shan,&nbsp;Chao Chen","doi":"10.1007/s13592-025-01165-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-025-01165-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In honeybees, fertilized eggs with homozygous complementary sex determiner (<i>csd</i>) alleles develop into sterile diploid males, which are eliminated by workers during the larval stage. A decrease in <i>csd</i> allele diversity leads to increased inbreeding and a higher occurrence of diploid males, significantly decreasing the population growth rate and effective population size. Therefore, understanding and maintaining <i>csd</i> gene diversity is crucial. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of <i>Apis cerana csd</i> genes in China. We sequenced the exon 6–8 region of the <i>csd</i> gene in 250 workers across 13 geographical populations, identifying 234 nucleotide haplotypes and 141 unique amino acid sequences, 89 of which were newly discovered. The <i>csd</i> gene in these populations shows high genetic diversity comparable to that of <i>Apis mellifera</i>; however, the distribution of alleles did not show clusters based on geographic regions. Analyses of genetic differentiation showed variable genetic distance among populations. Our results demonstrate a high diversity of <i>csd</i> genes of <i>A. cerana</i> populations across China, suggesting a low risk of inbreeding in the populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal preferences of honey bee drones at different ages, depending on the rearing temperature","authors":"Sylwia Łopuch,&nbsp;Krystyna Czekońska","doi":"10.1007/s13592-025-01162-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-025-01162-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The thermal preferences of honey bee drones change with their age as a result of sexual maturation. However, the factors influencing them are still unknown. For this reason, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of the rearing temperature during the post-capped development of drones on their body mass at eclosion and thermal preferences. Combs with capped brood of drones from three colonies were kept in incubators in changing temperatures from higher to lower (35–33 °C) or from lower to higher (33–35 °C). After emergence, drones were individually weighed. Subsequently, their thermal preferences were tested at the ages of 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days. Body mass at eclosion and thermal preferences of drones significantly depended on the rearing temperature and maternal colony. Drones reared in temperatures changing from higher to lower (35–33 °C) were considerably heavier after emergence compared with those reared in temperatures changing from lower to higher (33–35 °C). The thermal preferences of drones also changed with their age. The greatest differences in thermal preferences of drones from both groups (35–33 °C and 33–35 °C) were on the 5th and 15th days of life. These findings indicate that rearing conditions (temperature and colony) influence the body mass at eclosion and thermal preferences of drones.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-025-01162-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary consumption of the plant phytochemical, gelsemine, by worker honey bees (Apis mellifera) affects queen bee egg laying","authors":"Michael Goblirsch,&nbsp;Adam R. Hamilton,&nbsp;Molly Carlson,&nbsp;Gene E. Robinson,&nbsp;John J. Adamczyk","doi":"10.1007/s13592-025-01151-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-025-01151-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Yellow or Carolina jasmine/jessamine (<i>Gelsemium sempervirens</i>) is a flowering plant that serves as a model for the study of plant-pollinator interactions. During the early spring, it produces abundant flowers that are visited by generalist pollinators, such as honey bees (<i>Apis mellifera</i>), especially when other floral resources are scarce. Beekeepers in the Southeastern USA have observed signs of hive intoxication and weakening when yellow jessamine is in bloom, posing implications for hive and apiary management. The phytochemical gelsemine, which is a toxic indole alkaloid present in the plant’s pollen and nectar, may be linked to these observations. Few studies have looked at the effects of ecologically relevant concentrations of gelsemine on honey bee health at the colony level and on queen fecundity. We used Queen Monitoring Cages (QMCs), microcolonies composed of a queen and a small number of workers maintained under laboratory conditions to primarily investigate the impact of gelsemine exposure on queen fecundity, with additional measurements taken for worker mortality, number of workers in the brood area, and consumption of food resources. We exposed the workers to gelsemine by adding it to sucrose solution using field-relevant concentrations that ranged from 20 to 200 ppm for up to 15 days. We found that queen fecundity was significantly reduced in two of four experiments. Overall, worker mortality was low. In addition, when workers consumed sucrose solution containing higher doses of gelsemine, evidence of an aversion effect was observed. This study highlights one facet of yellow jessamine’s potential impact on honey bee colony health and promotes additional research looking at the behavioral and physiological mechanisms contributing to these responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of agricultural intensification on bee health and abundance","authors":"Ignacio Pérez-Lagleyze,&nbsp;Alba Tous,&nbsp;Rodrigo Tizón,&nbsp;Juan P. Torretta,&nbsp;Pilar Alda,&nbsp;Hugo J. Marrero","doi":"10.1007/s13592-025-01155-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-025-01155-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bee populations are declining due to agricultural expansion, habitat loss, and diseases such as nosemosis caused by microsporidian <i>Vairimorpha</i> spp. We evaluate how agricultural intensification affects the abundance of wild (<i>Augochloropsis</i> spp.) and managed (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) bees and how landscape modification impacts bee health quality by altering their susceptibility to be infected by <i>Vairimorpha</i> spp. Bees were collected using pan traps in nine fields with varying management intensities from Argentina, while landscape management intensity was assessed using satellite imagery for each field. We found the abundance of one wild bee species increases as the proportion of landscapes with low intensity management increases. <i>Vairimorpha</i> spores were only found in managed bees. We also found that prevalence of <i>Vairimorpha</i> increases as the proportion of intensive management increases. Our results suggest that agricultural intensification negatively impacts the abundance of wild bee populations and makes managed bees more susceptible to <i>Vairimorpha</i> spp. infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}