Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
CaMKII as a Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Disease. 作为心血管疾病治疗靶点的 CaMKII。
IF 12.5 1区 医学
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 2023-01-20 Epub Date: 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051421-111814
Oscar E Reyes Gaido, Lubika J Nkashama, Kate L Schole, Qinchuan Wang, Priya Umapathi, Olurotimi O Mesubi, Klitos Konstantinidis, Elizabeth D Luczak, Mark E Anderson
{"title":"CaMKII as a Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Oscar E Reyes Gaido, Lubika J Nkashama, Kate L Schole, Qinchuan Wang, Priya Umapathi, Olurotimi O Mesubi, Klitos Konstantinidis, Elizabeth D Luczak, Mark E Anderson","doi":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051421-111814","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051421-111814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CaMKII (the multifunctional Ca<sup>2+</sup> and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) is a highly validated signal for promoting a variety of common diseases, particularly in the cardiovascular system. Despite substantial amounts of convincing preclinical data, CaMKII inhibitors have yet to emerge in clinical practice. Therapeutic inhibition is challenged by the diversity of CaMKII isoforms and splice variants and by physiological CaMKII activity that contributes to learning and memory. Thus, uncoupling the harmful and beneficial aspects of CaMKII will be paramount to developing effective therapies. In the last decade, several targeting strategies have emerged, including small molecules, peptides, and nucleotides, which hold promise in discriminating pathological from physiological CaMKII activity. Here we review the cellular and molecular biology of CaMKII, discuss its role in physiological and pathological signaling, and consider new findings and approaches for developing CaMKII therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":8057,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"63 ","pages":"249-272"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11019858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9120748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neuropathic Pain: Mechanisms, Sex Differences, and Potential Therapies for a Global Problem. 神经性疼痛:机理、性别差异和解决全球性问题的潜在疗法。
IF 12.5 1区 医学
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051421-112259
Shahrzad Ghazisaeidi, Milind M Muley, Michael W Salter
{"title":"Neuropathic Pain: Mechanisms, Sex Differences, and Potential Therapies for a Global Problem.","authors":"Shahrzad Ghazisaeidi, Milind M Muley, Michael W Salter","doi":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051421-112259","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051421-112259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study of chronic pain continues to generate ever-increasing numbers of publications, but safe and efficacious treatments for chronic pain remain elusive. Recognition of sex-specific mechanisms underlying chronic pain has resulted in a surge of studies that include both sexes. A predominant focus has been on identifying sex differences, yet many newly identified cellular mechanisms and alterations in gene expression are conserved between the sexes. Here we review sex differences and similarities in cellular and molecular signals that drive the generation and resolution of neuropathic pain. The mix of differences and similarities reflects degeneracy in peripheral and central signaling processes by which neurons, immune cells, and glia codependently drive pain hypersensitivity. Recent findings identifying critical signaling nodes foreshadow the development of rationally designed, broadly applicable analgesic strategies. However, the paucity of effective, safe pain treatments compels targeted therapies as well to increase therapeutic options that help reduce the global burden of suffering.</p>","PeriodicalId":8057,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"63 ","pages":"565-583"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9126126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Noncanonical Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease. 非典型代谢性谷氨酸受体5信号在阿尔茨海默病中的作用。
IF 12.5 1区 医学
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 2022-01-06 Epub Date: 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-021821-091747
Khaled S Abd-Elrahman, Stephen S G Ferguson
{"title":"Noncanonical Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Khaled S Abd-Elrahman,&nbsp;Stephen S G Ferguson","doi":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-021821-091747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-021821-091747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is ubiquitously expressed in brain regions responsible for memory and learning. It plays a key role in modulating rapid changes in synaptic transmission and plasticity. mGluR5 supports long-term changes in synaptic strength by regulating the transcription and translation of essential synaptic proteins. β-Amyloid 42 (Aβ42) oligomers interact with a mGluR5/cellular prion protein (PrP<sup>C</sup>) complex to disrupt physiological mGluR5 signal transduction. Aberrant mGluR5 signaling and associated synaptic failure are considered an emerging pathophysiological mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, mGluR5 represents an attractive therapeutic target for AD, and recent studies continue to validate the efficacy of various mGluR5 allosteric modulators in improving memory deficits and mitigating disease pathology. However, sex-specific differences in the pharmacology of mGluR5 and activation of noncanonical signaling downstream of the receptor suggest that its utility as a therapeutic target in female AD patients needs to be reconsidered.</p>","PeriodicalId":8057,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"235-254"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39414454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Repurposing Colchicine for Heart Disease. 秋水仙碱对心脏病的再利用
IF 12.5 1区 医学
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 2022-01-06 Epub Date: 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052120-020445
Nadia Bouabdallaoui, Jean-Claude Tardif
{"title":"Repurposing Colchicine for Heart Disease.","authors":"Nadia Bouabdallaoui,&nbsp;Jean-Claude Tardif","doi":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052120-020445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052120-020445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colchicine is one of the most ancient medications still prescribed. It is extracted from the <i>Colchicum autumnale</i> plant and is routinely used because of its broad anti-inflammatory properties to treat gout and familial Mediterranean fever. Colchicine has shown efficacy in various clinical settings in which inflammation is a key component, and it has become first-line therapy for acute and recurrent pericarditis. Two landmark clinical trials have recently shown that colchicine significantly improves cardiovascular outcomes on background statin and antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease, supporting its role for the prevention of atherothrombotic events. Favorable results have also emerged in atrial fibrillation. We herein briefly review the most recent data related to the multiple cardiovascular conditions for which colchicine has been successfully repurposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8057,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"121-129"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39471581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
KCNQ Potassium Channels as Targets of Botanical Folk Medicines. 作为民间植物药靶点的 KCNQ 钾通道
IF 11.2 1区 医学
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 2022-01-06 Epub Date: 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052120-104249
Kaitlyn E Redford, Geoffrey W Abbott
{"title":"KCNQ Potassium Channels as Targets of Botanical Folk Medicines.","authors":"Kaitlyn E Redford, Geoffrey W Abbott","doi":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052120-104249","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052120-104249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since prehistory, human species have depended on plants for both food and medicine. Even in countries with ready access to modern medicines, alternative treatments are still highly regarded and commonly used. Unlike modern pharmaceuticals, many botanical medicines are in widespread use despite a lack of safety and efficacy data derived from controlled clinical trials and often unclear mechanisms of action. Contributing to this are the complex and undefined composition and likely multifactorial mechanisms of action and multiple targets of many botanical medicines. Here, we review the newfound importance of the ubiquitous KCNQ subfamily of voltage-gated potassium channels as targets for botanical medicines, including basil, capers, cilantro, lavender, fennel, chamomile, ginger, and <i>Camellia</i>, <i>Sophora</i>, and <i>Mallotus</i> species. We discuss the implications for the traditional use of these plants for disorders such as seizures, hypertension, and diabetes and the molecular mechanisms of plant secondary metabolite effects on KCNQ channels.</p>","PeriodicalId":8057,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"62 ","pages":"447-464"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9809153/pdf/nihms-1857008.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10491528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Central Nervous System Control of Glucose Homeostasis: A Therapeutic Target for Type 2 Diabetes? 中枢神经系统对葡萄糖稳态的控制:2 型糖尿病的治疗目标?
IF 11.2 1区 医学
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-010446
Zaman Mirzadeh, Chelsea L Faber, Michael W Schwartz
{"title":"Central Nervous System Control of Glucose Homeostasis: A Therapeutic Target for Type 2 Diabetes?","authors":"Zaman Mirzadeh, Chelsea L Faber, Michael W Schwartz","doi":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-010446","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-010446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Historically, pancreatic islet beta cells have been viewed as principal regulators of glycemia, with type 2 diabetes (T2D) resulting when insulin secretion fails to compensate for peripheral tissue insulin resistance. However, glycemia is also regulated by insulin-independent mechanisms that are dysregulated in T2D. Based on evidence supporting its role both in adaptive coupling of insulin secretion to changes in insulin sensitivity and in the regulation of insulin-independent glucose disposal, the central nervous system (CNS) has emerged as a fundamental player in glucose homeostasis. Here, we review and expand upon an integrative model wherein the CNS, together with the islet, establishes and maintains the defended level of glycemia. We discuss the implications of this model for understanding both normal glucose homeostasis and T2D pathogenesis and highlight centrally targeted therapeutic approaches with the potential to restore normoglycemia to patients with T2D.</p>","PeriodicalId":8057,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","volume":"62 ","pages":"55-84"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8900291/pdf/nihms-1781368.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9463880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibition for Cancer Therapy. 抑制硫氧还蛋白还原酶治疗癌症。
IF 12.5 1区 医学
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 2022-01-06 Epub Date: 2021-08-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-102509
Radosveta Gencheva, Elias S J Arnér
{"title":"Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibition for Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Radosveta Gencheva,&nbsp;Elias S J Arnér","doi":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-102509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-102509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cytosolic selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1, TXNRD1), and to some extent mitochondrial TrxR2 (TXNRD2), can be inhibited by a wide range of electrophilic compounds. Many such compounds also yield cytotoxicity toward cancer cells in culture or in mouse models, and most compounds are likely to irreversibly modify the easily accessible selenocysteine residue in TrxR1, thereby inhibiting its normal activity to reduce cytosolic thioredoxin (Trx1, TXN) and other substrates of the enzyme. This leads to an oxidative challenge. In some cases, the inhibited forms of TrxR1 are not catalytically inert and are instead converted to prooxidant NADPH oxidases, named SecTRAPs, thus further aggravating the oxidative stress, particularly in cells expressing higher levels of the enzyme. In this review, the possible molecular and cellular consequences of these effects are discussed in relation to cancer therapy, with a focus on outstanding questions that should be addressed if targeted TrxR1 inhibition is to be further developed for therapeutic use.</p>","PeriodicalId":8057,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"177-196"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39358231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 54
Measuring Pharmacogene Variant Function at Scale Using Multiplexed Assays. 使用多重测定法大规模测量药物基因变异功能。
IF 12.5 1区 医学
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 2022-01-06 Epub Date: 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-032221-085807
Renee C Geck, Gabriel Boyle, Clara J Amorosi, Douglas M Fowler, Maitreya J Dunham
{"title":"Measuring Pharmacogene Variant Function at Scale Using Multiplexed Assays.","authors":"Renee C Geck,&nbsp;Gabriel Boyle,&nbsp;Clara J Amorosi,&nbsp;Douglas M Fowler,&nbsp;Maitreya J Dunham","doi":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-032221-085807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-032221-085807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As costs of next-generation sequencing decrease, identification of genetic variants has far outpaced our ability to understand their functional consequences. This lack of understanding is a central challenge to a key promise of pharmacogenomics: using genetic information to guide drug selection and dosing. Recently developed multiplexed assays of variant effect enable experimental measurement of the function of thousands of variants simultaneously. Here, we describe multiplexed assays that have been performed on nearly 25,000 variants in eight key pharmacogenes (<i>ADRB2</i>, <i>CYP2C9</i>, <i>CYP2C19</i>, <i>NUDT15</i>, <i>SLCO1B1</i>, <i>TMPT</i>, <i>VKORC1</i>, and the <i>LDLR</i> promoter), discuss advances in experimental design, and explore key challenges that must be overcome to maximize the utility of multiplexed functional data.</p>","PeriodicalId":8057,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"531-550"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39412087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Emerging Therapeutics, Technologies, and Drug Development Strategies to Address Patient Nonadherence and Improve Tuberculosis Treatment. 新兴疗法、技术和药物开发策略解决患者不依从和改善结核病治疗。
IF 12.5 1区 医学
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 2022-01-06 Epub Date: 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-041921-074800
Maria Garcia-Cremades, Belen P Solans, Natasha Strydom, Bernard Vrijens, Goonaseelan Colin Pillai, Craig Shaffer, Bruce Thomas, Rada M Savic
{"title":"Emerging Therapeutics, Technologies, and Drug Development Strategies to Address Patient Nonadherence and Improve Tuberculosis Treatment.","authors":"Maria Garcia-Cremades,&nbsp;Belen P Solans,&nbsp;Natasha Strydom,&nbsp;Bernard Vrijens,&nbsp;Goonaseelan Colin Pillai,&nbsp;Craig Shaffer,&nbsp;Bruce Thomas,&nbsp;Rada M Savic","doi":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-041921-074800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-041921-074800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Imperfect medication adherence remains the biggest predictor of treatment failure for patients with tuberculosis. Missed doses during treatment lead to relapse, tuberculosis resistance, and further spread of disease. Understanding individual patient phenotypes, population pharmacokinetics, resistance development, drug distribution to tuberculosis lesions, and pharmacodynamics at the site of infection is necessary to fully measure the impact of adherence on patient outcomes. To decrease the impact of expected variabilityin drug intake on tuberculosis outcomes, an improvement in patient adherence and new forgiving regimens that protect against missed doses are needed. In this review, we summarize emerging technologies to improve medication adherence in clinical practice and provide suggestions on how digital adherence technologies can be incorporated in clinical trials and practice and the drug development pipeline that will lead to more forgiving regimens and benefit patients suffering from tuberculosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8057,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"197-210"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39473152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Targeting NRF2 and Its Downstream Processes: Opportunities and Challenges. 靶向NRF2及其下游过程:机遇与挑战。
IF 12.5 1区 医学
Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology Pub Date : 2022-01-06 Epub Date: 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-104025
Laura Torrente, Gina M DeNicola
{"title":"Targeting NRF2 and Its Downstream Processes: Opportunities and Challenges.","authors":"Laura Torrente,&nbsp;Gina M DeNicola","doi":"10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-104025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-104025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transcription factor NRF2 coordinates the expression of a vast array of cytoprotective and metabolic genes in response to various stress inputs to restore cellular homeostasis. Transient activation of NRF2 in healthy tissues has been long recognized as a cellular defense mechanism and is critical to prevent cancer initiation by carcinogens. However, cancer cells frequently hijack the protective capability of NRF2 to sustain the redox balance and meet their metabolic requirements for proliferation. Further, aberrant activation of NRF2 in cancer cells confers resistance to commonly used chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy. During the last decade, many research groups have attempted to block NRF2 activity in tumors to counteract the survival and proliferative advantage of cancer cells and reverse resistance to treatment. In this review, we highlight the role of NRF2 in cancer progression and discuss the past and current approaches to disable NRF2 signaling in tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8057,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","volume":" ","pages":"279-300"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39398875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 49
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信