与精神分裂症相关的认知障碍:从病理生理学到治疗。

IF 11.2 1区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Daniel C Javitt
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引用次数: 11

摘要

认知障碍是精神分裂症的核心特征,也是导致功能不良的主要因素。评估精神分裂症患者认知功能障碍的方法现已得到很好的确立。此外,近年来越来越多的人认识到社会认知障碍在驱动功能结果中的额外作用,以及感觉水平障碍对高阶障碍的贡献。在神经化学水平上,急性给药n -甲基-d-天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)拮抗剂再现了与精神分裂症相关的神经认知功能障碍模式,鼓励了针对NMDAR及其相互作用组的治疗方法的发展。在局部回路水平上,一种听觉神经生理学测量,失配负性,已经成为精神分裂症NMDAR功能障碍和兴奋/抑制失衡的真实指标,也是早期翻译药物开发的关键生物标志物。虽然目前还没有化合物被批准用于治疗与精神分裂症相关的认知障碍,但一些候选药物在早期测试中显示出希望。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cognitive Impairment Associated with Schizophrenia: From Pathophysiology to Treatment.

Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia and a major contributor to poor functional outcomes. Methods for assessment of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia are now well established. In addition, there has been increasing appreciation in recent years of the additional role of social cognitive impairment in driving functional outcomes and of the contributions of sensory-level dysfunction to higher-order impairments. At the neurochemical level, acute administration of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists reproduces the pattern of neurocognitive dysfunction associated with schizophrenia, encouraging the development of treatments targeted at both NMDAR and its interactome. At the local-circuit level, an auditory neurophysiological measure, mismatch negativity, has emerged both as a veridical index of NMDAR dysfunction and excitatory/inhibitory imbalance in schizophrenia and as a critical biomarker for early-stage translational drug development. Although no compounds have yet been approved for treatment of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia, several candidates are showing promise in early-phase testing.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
27.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
53
期刊介绍: Since 1961, the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology has been a comprehensive resource covering significant developments in pharmacology and toxicology. The journal encompasses various aspects, including receptors, transporters, enzymes, chemical agents, drug development science, and systems like the immune, nervous, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, endocrine, and pulmonary systems. Special topics are also featured in this annual review.
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