Annual review of genetics最新文献_第9页

Human genetics. 人类遗传学。

IF 11.1 1区生物学

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2020-02-02 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ge.04.120170.000245

V A McKusick

引用次数: 2

Behavioral Genetics 行为遗传学

IF 11.1 1区生物学

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2020-02-02 DOI: 10.1002/9780470114735.hawley01624

B. Y C A T H E R I N E B A K

引用次数: 282

Standard Deviations: The Biological Bases of Transmission Ratio Distortion. 标准偏差:传动比失真的生物学基础。

IF 11.1 1区生物学

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043905

L. Fishman, Mariah McIntosh

{"title":"Standard Deviations: The Biological Bases of Transmission Ratio Distortion.","authors":"L. Fishman, Mariah McIntosh","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043905","url":null,"abstract":"The rule of Mendelian inheritance is remarkably robust, but deviations from the equal transmission of alternative alleles at a locus [a.k.a. transmission ratio distortion (TRD)] are also commonly observed in genetic mapping populations. Such TRD reveals locus-specific selection acting at some point between the diploid heterozygous parents and progeny genotyping and therefore can provide novel insight into otherwise-hidden genetic and evolutionary processes. Most of the classic selfish genetic elements were discovered through their biasing of transmission, but many unselfish evolutionary and developmental processes can also generate TRD. In this review, we describe methodologies for detecting TRD in mapping populations, detail the arenas and genetic interactions that shape TRD during plant and animal reproduction, and summarize patterns of TRD from across the genetic mapping literature. Finally, we point to new experimental approaches that can accelerate both detection of TRD and characterization of the underlying genetic mechanisms. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genetics, Volume 53 is November 23, 2019. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043905","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48291577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

The Microbiome and Aging. 微生物组与衰老。

IF 11.1 1区生物学

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043650

Bianca Bana, F. Cabreiro

引用次数: 110

Cell Size Control in Plants. 植物细胞大小的控制。

IF 11.1 1区生物学

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043602

Marco D'Ario, R. Sablowski

{"title":"Cell Size Control in Plants.","authors":"Marco D'Ario, R. Sablowski","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043602","url":null,"abstract":"The genetic control of the characteristic cell sizes of different species and tissues is a long-standing enigma. Plants are convenient for studying this question in a multicellular context, as their cells do not move and are easily tracked and measured from organ initiation in the meristems to subsequent morphogenesis and differentiation. In this article, we discuss cell size control in plants compared with other organisms. As seen from yeast cells to mammalian cells, size homeostasis is maintained cell autonomously in the shoot meristem. In developing organs, vacuolization contributes to cell size heterogeneity and may resolve conflicts between growth control at the cellular and organ levels. Molecular mechanisms for cell size control have implications for how cell size responds to changes in ploidy, which are particularly important in plant development and evolution. We also discuss comparatively the functional consequences of cell size and their potential repercussions at higher scales, including genome evolution. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genetics, Volume 53 is November 23, 2019. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46000205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Zebrafish Pigment Pattern Formation: Insights into the Development and Evolution of Adult Form. 斑马鱼色素模式的形成:对成年形态的发展和进化的见解。

IF 11.1 1区生物学

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043741

Larissa B. Patterson, D. Parichy

{"title":"Zebrafish Pigment Pattern Formation: Insights into the Development and Evolution of Adult Form.","authors":"Larissa B. Patterson, D. Parichy","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043741","url":null,"abstract":"Vertebrate pigment patterns are diverse and fascinating adult traits that offer protection from the environment and allow animals to attract mates and avoid predators. Pigment patterns in fish are among the most amenable traits for studying the cellular basis of adult form, as the cells that produce diverse patterns are readily visible in the skin during development. The genetic basis of pigment pattern development has been most studied in the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Zebrafish adults have alternating dark and light horizontal stripes, resulting from the precise arrangement of three main classes of pigment cells: black melanophores, yellow xanthophores, and iridescent iridophores. The coordination of adult pigment cell lineage specification and differentiation with specific cellular interactions and morphogenetic behaviors is necessary for stripe development. Besides providing a nice example of pattern formation responsible for an adult trait of zebrafish, stripe-forming mechanisms also provide a conceptual framework for posing testable hypotheses about pattern diversification more broadly. Here, we summarize what is known about lineages and molecular interactions required for pattern formation in zebrafish, we review some of what is known about pattern diversification in Danio, and we speculate on how patterns in more distant teleosts may have evolved to produce a stunningly diverse array of patterns in nature. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genetics, Volume 53 is November 23, 2019. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043741","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48743152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 90

Mechanisms of DNA Uptake by Naturally Competent Bacteria. 自然适能细菌摄取DNA的机制。

IF 11.1 1区生物学

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043641

David Dubnau, Melanie Blokesch

引用次数: 103

Genetic Factors in Mammalian Prion Diseases. 哺乳动物朊病毒疾病的遗传因素。

IF 11.1 1区生物学

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120213-092352

S. Mead, S. Lloyd, J. Collinge

{"title":"Genetic Factors in Mammalian Prion Diseases.","authors":"S. Mead, S. Lloyd, J. Collinge","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-120213-092352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-120213-092352","url":null,"abstract":"Mammalian prion diseases are a group of neurodegenerative conditions caused by infection of the central nervous system with proteinaceous agents called prions, including sporadic, variant, and iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; kuru; inherited prion disease; sheep scrapie; bovine spongiform encephalopathy; and chronic wasting disease. Prions are composed of misfolded and multimeric forms of the normal cellular prion protein (PrP). Prion diseases require host expression of the prion protein gene (PRNP) and a range of other cellular functions to support their propagation and toxicity. Inherited forms of prion disease are caused by mutation of PRNP, whereas acquired and sporadically occurring mammalian prion diseases are controlled by powerful genetic risk and modifying factors. Whereas some PrP amino acid variants cause the disease, others confer protection, dramatically altered incubation times, or changes in the clinical phenotype. Multiple mechanisms, including interference with homotypic protein interactions and the selection of the permissible prion strains in a host, play a role. Several non-PRNP factors have now been uncovered that provide insights into pathways of disease susceptibility or neurotoxicity. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genetics, Volume 53 is November 23, 2019. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-genet-120213-092352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46532256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 57

The foraging Gene and Its Behavioral Effects: Pleiotropy and Plasticity. 觅食基因及其行为效应：立体性和可塑性。

IF 11.1 1区生物学

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-112618-043536

I. Anreiter, M. Sokolowski

引用次数: 45

Light in the Fungal World: From Photoreception to Gene Transcription and Beyond. 真菌世界中的光：从光接收到基因转录及其他。

IF 11.1 1区生物学

Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120417-031415

L. Corrochano

{"title":"Light in the Fungal World: From Photoreception to Gene Transcription and Beyond.","authors":"L. Corrochano","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-120417-031415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-120417-031415","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi see light of different colors by using photoreceptors such as the White Collar proteins and cryptochromes for blue light, opsins for green light, and phytochromes for red light. Light regulates fungal development, promotes the accumulation of protective pigments and proteins, and regulates tropic growth. The White Collar complex (WCC) is a photoreceptor and a transcription factor that is responsible for regulating transcription after exposure to blue light. In Neurospora crassa, light promotes the interaction of WCCs and their binding to the promoters to activate transcription. In Aspergillus nidulans, the WCC and the phytochrome interact to coordinate gene transcription and other responses, but the contribution of these photoreceptors to fungal photobiology varies across fungal species. Ultimately, the effect of light on fungal biology is the result of the coordinated transcriptional regulation and activation of signal transduction pathways. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genetics, Volume 53 is November 23, 2019. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-genet-120417-031415","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43593626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 68