RAD51 Gene Family Structure and Function.

IF 8.7 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2020-11-23 Epub Date: 2020-07-14 DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-021920-092410
Braulio Bonilla, Sarah R Hengel, McKenzie K Grundy, Kara A Bernstein
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引用次数: 92

Abstract

Accurate DNA repair and replication are critical for genomic stability and cancer prevention. RAD51 and its gene family are key regulators of DNA fidelity through diverse roles in double-strand break repair, replication stress, and meiosis. RAD51 is an ATPase that forms a nucleoprotein filament on single-stranded DNA. RAD51 has the function of finding and invading homologous DNA sequences to enable accurate and timely DNA repair. Its paralogs, which arose from ancient gene duplications of RAD51, have evolved to regulate and promote RAD51 function. Underscoring its importance, misregulation of RAD51, and its paralogs, is associated with diseases such as cancer and Fanconi anemia. In this review, we focus on the mammalian RAD51 structure and function and highlight the use of model systems to enable mechanistic understanding of RAD51 cellular roles. We also discuss how misregulation of the RAD51 gene family members contributes to disease and consider new approaches to pharmacologically inhibit RAD51.

RAD51基因家族结构与功能。
准确的DNA修复和复制对基因组稳定和癌症预防至关重要。RAD51及其基因家族在双链断裂修复、复制胁迫和减数分裂中发挥着不同的作用,是DNA保真度的关键调节因子。RAD51是一种atp酶,在单链DNA上形成核蛋白丝。RAD51具有发现和入侵同源DNA序列的功能,能够准确及时地修复DNA。它的类似物起源于RAD51的古老基因复制,已经进化到调节和促进RAD51的功能。RAD51及其类似基因的失调与癌症和范可尼贫血等疾病有关,这凸显了它的重要性。在这篇综述中,我们将重点关注哺乳动物RAD51的结构和功能,并强调使用模型系统来实现对RAD51细胞作用的机制理解。我们还讨论了RAD51基因家族成员的失调如何导致疾病,并考虑了从药理学上抑制RAD51的新方法。
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来源期刊
Annual review of genetics
Annual review of genetics 生物-遗传学
CiteScore
18.30
自引率
0.90%
发文量
17
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Genetics, published since 1967, comprehensively covers significant advancements in genetics. It encompasses various areas such as biochemical, behavioral, cell, and developmental genetics, evolutionary and population genetics, chromosome structure and transmission, gene function and expression, mutation and repair, genomics, immunogenetics, and other topics related to the genetics of viruses, bacteria, fungi, plants, animals, and humans.
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