Annals of botany最新文献

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Diversity of flower structure and development correlates with inflorescence morphology in maples (Acer, Sapindaceae, Sapindales). 槭树(槭科、松科、松科)花结构和发育的多样性与花序形态的关系。
IF 3.6 2区 生物学
Annals of botany Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaf097
Alexander E Zavialov, Margarita V Remizowa
{"title":"Diversity of flower structure and development correlates with inflorescence morphology in maples (Acer, Sapindaceae, Sapindales).","authors":"Alexander E Zavialov, Margarita V Remizowa","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcaf097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaf097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Acer, one of the largest genera of Sapindaceae, is well-known for its diverse inflorescence and flower morphologies. Structural diversity of maples makes this genus a wonderful model to explore morphogenetic interaction between inflorescence and flower construction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the development and structure of inflorescences and flowers using scanning electron microscopy in ten species of Acer from nine (of 17) sections. Observations are interpreted in the framework of molecular phylogenies.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Inflorescences are represented by panicles, thyrsoids, botryoids and sciadioids. The evolutionary transition from thyrsoids or panicles to racemose inflorescences resulted in the loss of floral prophylls, another sequence of floral organ initiation and often the acquisition of a new flower groundplan. The main structural transformations are changes in the floral merism and the number of stamens caused by changes in the shape and size of the floral meristem. The order of sepal initiation, the position of the median sepal and flower orientation are largely related to mechanical pressures within the floral bud associated with variations in the inflorescence construction. The gynoecium position is also variable. In species with thyrsoids or panicles, the carpel position depends on the first sepal position or on the flower position within the inflorescence. In species with racemose inflorescences, the gynoecium is always inserted in the transverse plane.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The evolutionary transition from branched to racemose inflorescences was followed by changes in the geometry of floral meristem and ultimately resulted in considerable changes in flower construction and development. The presence of floral prophylls and their developmental dynamics is labile among species of Acer. Inflorescence construction represents not only an important taxonomic marker but also a key feature that probably defines the diversity of floral construction and development in Acer and Sapindaceae as a whole.</p>","PeriodicalId":8023,"journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dynamic evolution of FLC/MAF-like genes accompanying Brassicaceae radiation. 伴随十字花科辐射的FLC/ maf样基因的动态演化
IF 3.6 2区 生物学
Annals of botany Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaf114
Bin-Yan Zhao, Shi-Zhao Zhou, Jie Liu, Mi-Cai Zhong, Xue Dong, De-Zhu Li, Jin-Yong Hu
{"title":"Dynamic evolution of FLC/MAF-like genes accompanying Brassicaceae radiation.","authors":"Bin-Yan Zhao, Shi-Zhao Zhou, Jie Liu, Mi-Cai Zhong, Xue Dong, De-Zhu Li, Jin-Yong Hu","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcaf114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaf114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Understanding the molecular basis of rapid species radiation remains challenging in evolutionary biology. In angiosperms, Brassicaceae exemplifies rapid radiation following the At-α whole-genome duplication (At-α WGD) event approximately 35 million years ago (Mya). However, the molecular features associated with the early Brassicaceae radiation have not been fully elucidated, particularly due to lack of high-quality genomes from the super-tribe Hesperodae (clade E).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing recently released genomes from Arabodae (clade D) and Hesperodae (clade E), along with 36 additional Brassicaceae species representing all super-tribes including Aethionemeae, we performed phylogenomic analyses to identify patterns of gene family expansion and contraction at key nodes during early radiation. We further investigated genomic synteny and gene expression, with a particular focus on the dynamic expansion of the FLOWERING LOCUS C/MADS-AFFECTING FLOWERING (FLC/MAF) gene family in response to artificial temperature fluctuations.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Dating back to the Oligocene-Miocene transition and following the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Brassicaceae underwent significant radiation with approximately 540 expanded gene families, in which 66 genes were involved in flowering time regulation. FLC was first duplicated via the At-α WGD into MAF2/3, which present in Brassicaceae. Subsequent tandem duplications gave rise to MAF4/5 in core Brassicaceae. Additional random duplications led to FLOWERING LOCUS M (FLM or MAF1) in certain species of the Camelinodae (clade A). These duplicated MAFs exhibit significant diversified expression patterns under turbulent temperature conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analyses reveal a dynamic, Brassicaceae-specific retention and expansion of FLC/MAFs along with other flowering time regulators during species radiation and historical environmental adaptation, highlighting the role of flowering diversity in Brassicaceae radiation. This work thus provides a valuable model for studying species evolution and diversification in other angiosperm families.</p>","PeriodicalId":8023,"journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A novel P indicator to evaluate bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes to identify tolerance to phosphorus deficiency based on two distinct root phenotyping platforms. 基于两种不同根系表型平台的面包小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)基因型磷含量评价指标
IF 3.6 2区 生物学
Annals of botany Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaf091
Fabiano Sillo, Christophe Salon, Mickael Lamboeuf, Vincenzo Montesano, Stephan Summerer, Angelo Petrozza, Adriano Conte, Francesco Bergese, Francesca Degan, Raffaella Balestrini, Christian Jeudy
{"title":"A novel P indicator to evaluate bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes to identify tolerance to phosphorus deficiency based on two distinct root phenotyping platforms.","authors":"Fabiano Sillo, Christophe Salon, Mickael Lamboeuf, Vincenzo Montesano, Stephan Summerer, Angelo Petrozza, Adriano Conte, Francesco Bergese, Francesca Degan, Raffaella Balestrini, Christian Jeudy","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcaf091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaf091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Phosphorus is a crucial micronutrient for plant growth that, despite its abundance in soils, is often a limiting factor in agricultural productivity, particularly for cereals such as wheat. In this study, the response of different wheat genotypes to two different levels of phosphorus (P) was evaluated on a large trial encompassing 26 genotypes using two distinct root phenotyping platforms, ALSIA and 4PMI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rhizotubes allowed non-invasive root phenotyping, revealing significant genotypic effects on biomass production and root system traits. Phosphorus acquisition and use efficiency of the wheat genotypes were estimated by using five different metrics.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>A synthetic indicator for agronomic relevance integrating the efficiency metrics has been established. Under optimal conditions, after 96 days, P acquisition efficiency (PAE) was inversely correlated with P utilization efficiency (PUE), suggesting an acquisition-use tradeoff. Conversely, under low P conditions, both after 27 and 96 days PAE and PUE showed moderate positive correlations, indicating adaptive coordination to improve P utilisation under scarcity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, our findings highlighted the importance of root-target strategies in phosphorus efficiency in wheat, providing insights for breeders to enhance P tolerance in wheat.</p>","PeriodicalId":8023,"journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A spatial perspective on flowering in cauliflorous cacao: architecture defines flower cushion location, not its early activity. 花椰菜可可开花的空间视角:建筑定义了花垫的位置,而不是它的早期活动。
IF 3.6 2区 生物学
Annals of botany Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaf107
T Wibaux, P-É Lauri, A A M'Bo Kacou, O Pondo Kouakou, R Vezy
{"title":"A spatial perspective on flowering in cauliflorous cacao: architecture defines flower cushion location, not its early activity.","authors":"T Wibaux, P-É Lauri, A A M'Bo Kacou, O Pondo Kouakou, R Vezy","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcaf107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaf107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Theobroma cacao L., a tropical sciaphilous tree, exhibits cauliflory, with persistent flowering sites known as flower cushions. Cushions develop from floral buds located at the axils of leaves or cataphylls. They can sustain recurrent flowering and contribute to the tree's fruit production throughout its lifespan. However, factors influencing their formation and flowering activity remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Architectural and geometrical measurements, combined with weekly monitoring of flowering activity at the node scale, were conducted on plagiotropic branches of two cacao genotypes under medium and heavy shade. We investigated how architecture and geometry influence cushion formation, frequency and duration of flowering episodes, and synchrony of flowering among cushions at different scales.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Flower cushions developed once a flush (growth unit) had reached a specific ontogenetic age, defined by its position along the shoot (axis). The probability of flower cushion formation was then primarily determined by the node's (phytomer) position within the flush and its basal diameter. Heavy shade (90% light reduction) greatly limited cushion formation, irrespective of the architectural traits or growth characteristics of the node, flush or shoot. In contrast, the temporal activity of the flower cushions was not related to architectural or geometrical factors, and flowering occurred with moderate synchrony at the growth unit, axis, and branch scales.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate the dual importance of shoot ontogeny and node-specific traits in flower cushion formation in this cauliflorous species. They also demonstrate the overall negative influence of heavy shade on flower cushion development, and the absence of architectural constraints on the flowering activity of cushions during the tree's first reproductive phase. Further analyses are needed to better understand the hormonal and carbohydrate regulation of flowering and fruiting in productive trees of this cauliflorous species.</p>","PeriodicalId":8023,"journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Subtle ecophysiological divergences in a deceptive strategy to attract the same pollinators in two sympatric Arum. 在两个同域海芋中吸引相同传粉者的欺骗策略中的微妙生态生理差异。
IF 3.6 2区 生物学
Annals of botany Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaf090
Mathieu A J Leclerc, Marc Gibernau, Elfie Perdereau, Sylvain Pincebourde
{"title":"Subtle ecophysiological divergences in a deceptive strategy to attract the same pollinators in two sympatric Arum.","authors":"Mathieu A J Leclerc, Marc Gibernau, Elfie Perdereau, Sylvain Pincebourde","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcaf090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaf090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Integrative approaches are mandatory to comprehend the evolution of deceptive pollination strategies, by combining the co-variations in different floral traits and the behaviour of the insects. We applied an ecophysiological approach to compare floral traits - scent and thermogenesis - in two deceptive sympatric Arum that are pollinated mainly by Psychoda moth flies. We hypothesized that floral traits diverged between the two arums to minimize their interference in pollinators' attraction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured several floral traits, including the timing of anthesis, thermogenesis patterns and floral volatile organic compounds, in Arum italicum and A. maculatum. Additionally, we conducted laboratory experiments to determine the diel activity rhythm of the moth fly Psychoda sigma. We compared the flies' activity window to the anthesis timing and we compared the two arums in the ability of their volatiles to increase pollinator activity.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>The main thermogenesis peak involved in pollinator attraction was cooler and occurred slightly earlier during the day in A. maculatum compared to A. italicum. The fly P. sigma appeared to be nocturnal, so inflorescences emitting their floral scent before sunset are less likely to be visited by pollinators due to the relatively short attractive (few hours) female phase. Regarding scents, we confirmed a strong differentiation between the two Arum species. Behavioural assays with P. sigma revealed a slightly stronger stimulation to the odour of A. maculatum compared to A. italicum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our integrative approach highlights that the two Arum species exhibit slightly shifted daily timing of anthesis, indicating a fine-tuned variation in their attractive volatiles and thermogenesis sequences in relation to pollinator behaviour. A trade-off may exist between odour specificity and the ability to maximize volatile emission. These findings illustrate how evolutionarily close and sympatric species have shifted their attraction systems, potentially reducing competition within sympatric populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8023,"journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nuances of floral mimicry in Queen of Sheba orchids. 示巴女王兰花花卉模仿的细微差别。
IF 3.6 2区 生物学
Annals of botany Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaf119
Daniela Scaccabarozzi, Gavin R Flematti, Mark Brundrett, Mario Vallejo-Marín, Klaus Lunau, Monica Gagliano, Emiliano Pioltelli, Terry Houston, Andrea Aromatisi, Nina Sletvold
{"title":"Nuances of floral mimicry in Queen of Sheba orchids.","authors":"Daniela Scaccabarozzi, Gavin R Flematti, Mark Brundrett, Mario Vallejo-Marín, Klaus Lunau, Monica Gagliano, Emiliano Pioltelli, Terry Houston, Andrea Aromatisi, Nina Sletvold","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcaf119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaf119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Floral deception can range from finely tuned mimicry of specific rewarding plants (Batesian mimicry) to a general resemblance of the rewarding community (generalised food deception). We focused on two species in the deceptive Thelymitra variegata complex (Queen of Sheba orchids) to examine whether pollination is consistent with generalised food deception or with specific mimicry of co-flowering buzz-pollinated tinsel lilies (Calectasia spp.).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed i) overlap in flower colour and scent between orchids, tinsel lilies, and other flowers in the rewarding community, ii) pollinator sharing between orchids, tinsel lilies and other species, and ii) quantified orchid reproductive success in relation to abundance of tinsel lilies and other rewarding species.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>We found that T. speciosa matches flower colour and scent of its co-flowering tinsel lily, C. gracilis, while T. porphyrosticta partly overlaps with co-flowering C. demarzii in both traits. The orchids and tinsel lilies shared flower visitors, and the only visitor observed to transfer orchid pollen was Anthoglossa plumata bees (Colletidae) that displayed a behaviour associated with buzz pollination. This species was also observed to buzz-pollinate tinsel lilies. In T. speciosa, fruit production increased with abundance of both tinsel lilies and other rewarding species with similar flower colour, suggesting a combination of mimicry and magnet effects. However, relationships were driven by a single population. There was no association between rewarding community and reproductive success in T. porphyrosticta.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results are partly consistent with mimicry towards the co-flowering tinsel lily for both orchids. Specific mimicry is strongly supported by a close resemblance involving multiple floral traits, and by bee behaviour associated with the buzz-pollinated model. However, this contrasts with the lack of consistent effects of tinsel lily abundance on orchid reproductive success. The findings further suggest that shared floral scent may reinforce visual similarity and highlight that scent may be important in food mimicry systems. Overall, the T. variegata complex offers an interesting system for studying the evolution of mimicry, in particular regarding the contribution of visual and olfactory signals in food mimicry systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8023,"journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pre-dispersal seed predation decreases plant progeny performance: the role of seed position within the fruit. 分散前的种子捕食降低了植物后代的表现:种子在果实中的位置的作用。
IF 3.6 2区 生物学
Annals of botany Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaf106
Ana Laura Chiapero, Silvina Melgar, Ana Elisa Ferreras, Lorena Ashworth
{"title":"Pre-dispersal seed predation decreases plant progeny performance: the role of seed position within the fruit.","authors":"Ana Laura Chiapero, Silvina Melgar, Ana Elisa Ferreras, Lorena Ashworth","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcaf106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaf106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Pre-dispersal seed predation is a critical interaction that may significantly affect species fitness. Most studies have addressed this question by focusing on seed size, while the effect of seed position within the fruit remains unexplored. We tested how seed position within fruits affects pre-dispersal seed predation likelihood and progeny performance in two dominant trees, Vachellia aroma and Gleditsia triacanthos (Fabaceae) that are causing encroachment and invasions in Argentina's Chaco Forest.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We quantified pre-dispersal seed predation by bruchid beetles across different seed positions (basal, middle, stylar) within fruits. Seed germination and seedling vigor and survival were compared among seeds from such positions.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>Pre-dispersal seed predation was highest among seeds from the basal position in both species. In absence of predators, basal seeds had higher survival and produced more vigorous seedlings than those from the middle and stylar positions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pre-dispersal seed predation not only reduced the quantity of seeds but also disproportionately negatively affected the plant progeny performance. This selective predation may decrease seedling recruitment and thus impact population dynamics in both species.Our findings suggest that selective seed predation on seeds that would give rise to the most vigorous progeny may help regulate ecological processes such as invasion dynamics, while potentially promoting biodiversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8023,"journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Click & Sea: using bioorthogonal click chemistry to visualise seaweed cell walls. 点击与海洋:使用生物正交点击化学可视化海藻细胞壁。
IF 3.6 2区 生物学
Annals of botany Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaf103
Wendy F Delpont, Godfrey Neutelings, Zoë A Popper
{"title":"Click & Sea: using bioorthogonal click chemistry to visualise seaweed cell walls.","authors":"Wendy F Delpont, Godfrey Neutelings, Zoë A Popper","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcaf103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaf103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study of seaweed cell walls, including their metabolism and composition, is crucial to monitor and understand their adaptation to climate change. Microscopy-based techniques that facilitate studies of seaweed cell walls in situ, including staining and immunolabelling, exist but have significant limitations, including that only a few monoclonal antibodies have been developed towards seaweed cell wall components. Furthermore, not all seaweed cell wall components have been fully described. This makes in situ studies focussed on the metabolism of seaweed cell walls particularly challenging. Here, we present a method for labelling seaweed cell walls by incorporating chemical reporters in muro, followed by their association with fluorophores by click chemistry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two different species of seaweed, representing different groups, i.e. the red seaweed Phycodrys rubens and the green seaweed Ulva spp. were selected for their abundance on the Irish coast and because they have relatively thin tissues, a feature likely to facilitate uptake and labelling using monosaccharides reporters. We selected three different activated sugars (fucose, galactose and glucose analogues) on the basis that they are major components of seaweed polysaccharides. Small sections of the seaweeds were incubated with the activated sugars, and their uptake and incorporation were visualised by attachment to the fluorescent probe AF488 and imaged using confocal microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After incubation with the activated sugars, the seaweed cell walls, i.e. the contours of the cells, and, to a lesser extent, some cell organelles, fluoresced at 517 nm (emission wavelength of AF488), suggesting that the seaweed had incorporated the activated sugars. Fiji software was used to remove nonspecific fluorescence (autofluorescence of the seaweed and non-specific binding of the fluorochrome), with the final images suggesting good and specific incorporation of the fluorochrome by the seaweeds. More interestingly, the fluorescence was primarily associated with the cell walls, implying that the activated sugars were predominantly incorporated into cell wall components (most likely either polysaccharides or glycoproteins).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To date, bioorthogonal click chemistry has not been applied to seaweed but represents a useful tool for phycologists to better understand seaweed cell wall composition and dynamics, for example, throughout the seaweed life cycle or in the face of stresses (biotic or abiotic), including those resulting from climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":8023,"journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When recreational infrastructure contributes to endangered species conservation: genetic evaluation of translocated Primula vulgaris (Primulaceae) populations in a golf course area. 休闲基础设施对濒危物种保护的贡献:高尔夫球场地区易位报春花(报春花科)种群遗传评价
IF 3.6 2区 生物学
Annals of botany Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaf066
Ludwig Triest, Fabienne Van Rossum
{"title":"When recreational infrastructure contributes to endangered species conservation: genetic evaluation of translocated Primula vulgaris (Primulaceae) populations in a golf course area.","authors":"Ludwig Triest, Fabienne Van Rossum","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcaf066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaf066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Species in intensively used agricultural landscapes face severe disturbance and random destruction, making alternative restoration measures necessary. In Western Europe, Primula vulgaris, a perennial heterostylous herb, is currently restricted to fragmented habitats in farmlands. Translocations were conducted at five locations in a golf course area, using outcrossed juveniles originating from remnant populations. This study aimed to: (1) evaluate the golf course's contribution to species conservation, (2) assess source population representativeness and (3) determine the impact of translocations on genetic diversity and connectivity of neighbouring populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a demographic (census size, demographic structure, morph ratio) and genetic (genetic diversity and structure, connectivity network, barrier and parentage analyses) study, using 13 nuclear microsatellite loci across adult and juvenile generations of translocated, adjacent and remote metapopulations, for pre- and post-translocation periods.</p><p><strong>Key results: </strong>The translocated golf course populations nearly doubled local census size, provided one-third of the breeders, harboured similar genetic diversity to wild remnant populations of the agricultural area and were representative of source populations. Most populations, even translocated and large ones, were senescent. There was overall genetic erosion over time, threatening long-term population sustainability. Genetic erosion was associated with flowering population size and pin proportion, and was exacerbated in juveniles, suggesting mate limitation and genetic drift effects but also illegitimate pollination. Translocations enhanced contemporary pollen flow and potential connectivity among adjacent populations, although some barriers among remnant populations persisted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using recreational infrastructures as alternative sites for translocation of sufficiently large plant numbers, at distances that enable effective pollen flow to integrate new populations into the local network, can contribute to preserve species regional demographic and genetic pools, while increasing connectivity. However, habitat and landscape management of remnant populations remains highly desirable, for safeguarding existing old, still genetically diverse adults, and to guarantee balanced morph ratios and population rejuvenation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8023,"journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction to: Palms of the past: can morphometric phytolith analysis inform deep time evolution and palaeoecology of Arecaceae? 修正:过去的棕榈树:形态测量植物岩分析可以为槟榔科的深时间演化和古生态学提供信息吗?
IF 3.6 2区 生物学
Annals of botany Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaf089
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