{"title":"Chromosome Painting","authors":"A. Sharma, A. Sharma","doi":"10.1007/978-94-010-0330-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0330-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80082,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell science : an official journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91165017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Catherine Souchier, Christine Brisson, Bernadette Batteux, Michel Robert-Nicoud, Paul-André Bryon
{"title":"Data reproducibility in fluorescence image analysis.","authors":"Catherine Souchier, Christine Brisson, Bernadette Batteux, Michel Robert-Nicoud, Paul-André Bryon","doi":"10.1007/s11022-004-2383-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11022-004-2383-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluorescence image analysis provides quantitative data on fluorescence in situ hybridization signals (FISH), immunofluorescence labelings, Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) expression and microarrays. It is a valuable tool for decision making in the fields of biology and medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of fluorescence intensity measurements and standardization when acquisitions are performed under various but well defined conditions. Fluorescent intensity of standard beads (Inspeck series, Molecular Probes) was repeatedly measured using an image analyzer and automated procedures. Images were acquired using several integration times and neutral filter sets. A standardization procedure was used for expressing the data in a same unit: data were multiplied by the light attenuation factor and were divided by the CCD integration times. Results show that 1) standardization is possible 2) accurate and reliable fluorescence measurements can be obtained and 3) specimens showing large differences in fluorescence intensity can be objectively compared. Moreover fluorescent test slides including fluorochrome solutions and altuglas slides were tested for shading correction and as overall test systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":80082,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell science : an official journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology","volume":"25 3-4","pages":"195-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s11022-004-2383-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25203827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shashirekha Shetty, Alka Gogate, Sharad Gogate, Paul Malet
{"title":"A reproducible modified method for direct preparation of chorionic villi cytogenetic analysis.","authors":"Shashirekha Shetty, Alka Gogate, Sharad Gogate, Paul Malet","doi":"10.1007/s11022-004-6830-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11022-004-6830-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chorionic villi are finger like projections, which surrounds the embryonic sac in early pregnancy and will later form the placenta. The outer layer of the chorionic villi consists of trophoblast cells. These cells are actively dividing and can be used for direct preparation or short-term culture for prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities. We herein describe a 100% reproducible modified technique for one day direct culturing (direct preparation) of trophoblast cells. Direct preparation of chorionic villi provides the physician with additional diagnostic information during prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling. Direct preparation also eliminates the risk of maternal cell contamination. This method was 100% reproducible provided all the precautions mentioned herewith were taken into consideration and can be completed in 45 minutes upon arrival of the samples in the laboratories.</p>","PeriodicalId":80082,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell science : an official journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology","volume":"25 3-4","pages":"149-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s11022-004-6830-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25204574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from identified spinal neurons in the zebrafish embryo.","authors":"Louis Saint-Amant, Pierre Drapeau","doi":"10.1023/B:MICS.0000006896.02938.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MICS.0000006896.02938.49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a preparation for obtaining patch-clamp recordings from identified embryonic spinal cord interneurons, motoneurons and sensory neurons in an in vivo zebrafish preparation. This preparation is used to study the spatial and temporal patterns of spontaneous and touch-evoked electrical activity during the initial development of circuitry in the spinal cord. The combination of these physiological techniques with the powerful genetic and molecular tools available in the zebrafish has the potential to increase our understanding of the complex interactions between genes and electrical activity during the development of the vertebrate nervous system.</p>","PeriodicalId":80082,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell science : an official journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology","volume":"25 1-2","pages":"59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1023/B:MICS.0000006896.02938.49","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24177335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan Lewerenz, Susanne Thomsen, Julius A Steinbeck, Axel Methner
{"title":"Short-term serum supplementation improves glucose-oxygen deprivation in primary cortical cultures grown under serum-free conditions.","authors":"Jan Lewerenz, Susanne Thomsen, Julius A Steinbeck, Axel Methner","doi":"10.1007/s11022-004-9121-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11022-004-9121-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain ischemia can be studied in vitro by depriving primary neurons of oxygen and glucose by replacing oxygen with argon and glucose with its antimetabolite 2-deoxy-D-glucose. In this contribution, we explain how to construct a reliably functioning ischemia chamber and use it to study neuronal cell death in neuron-enriched fetal primary cortical cultures grown under serum-free conditions. We observed that these cultures exhibited a significant cell death even during exposure to oxygenated balanced salt solution used as control for oxygen-glucose deprivation. We show that addition of only 2% fetal calf serum 24 h prior, during, and after treatment almost abolished this undesirable cell loss and proportionally increased cell death induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation. Western blots and immunocytochemistry showed that these effects were mainly due to an increase in neuronal viability under control conditions accompanied by a limited glial proliferation independent of the treatment condition. Under these modified conditions, the cultures could also still be effectively preconditioned by a short-term oxygen-glucose deprivation. In summary, this modified protocol combines the advantages of serum-free neuronal culture, where potentially toxic antimitotic substances can be omitted, with a serum-mediated protection of neurons against unspecific factors and concomitant sensitization for oxygen-glucose deprivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":80082,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell science : an official journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology","volume":"25 3-4","pages":"227-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s11022-004-9121-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25203831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intracellular Ca2+ measurements in live cells by rapid line scan confocal microscopy: simplified calibration methodology.","authors":"David M Plank, Mark A Sussman","doi":"10.1007/s11022-004-2043-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11022-004-2043-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Altered intracellular Ca2+ dynamics are characteristically observed in cardiomyocytes from failing hearts. Studies of Ca2+ handling in myocytes predominantly use Fluo-3 AM, a visible light excitable Ca2+ chelating fluorescent dye in conjunction with rapid line-scanning confocal microscopy. However, Fluo-3 AM does not allow for traditional ratiometric determination of intracellular Ca2+ concentration and has required use of mathematic correction factors with values obtained from separate procedures to convert Fluo-3 AM fluorescence to appropriate CA2+ concentrations. This study describes methodology to directly measure intracellular Ca2+ levels using inactivated, Fluo-3 AM loaded cardiomyocytes equilibrated with Ca2+ concentration standards. Titration of Ca2+ concentration exhibits a linear relationship to increasing Fluo-3 AM fluorescence intensity. Images obtained from individual myocyte confocal scans were recorded, average pixel intensity values were calculated, and a plot is generated relating the average pixel intensity to known Ca2+ concentrations. These standard plots can be used to convert transient Ca2+ fluorescence obtained with experimental cells to Ca2+ concentrations by linear regression analysis. Standards are determined on the same microscope used for acquisition of unknown Ca2+ concentrations, simplifying data interpretaton and assuring accuracy of conversion values. This procedure eliminates additional equipment, ratiometric imaging, and mathematic correction factors and should be used to investigators requiring a straightforward method for measuring Ca2+ concentrations in live cells using Ca2+-chelating dyes exhibiting variable fluorescence intensity.</p>","PeriodicalId":80082,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell science : an official journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology","volume":"25 3-4","pages":"123-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s11022-004-2043-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25204571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhengshan Zhao, Dee Montgomery-Brock, Cheng-Sheng Lee, Yuanan Lu
{"title":"Establishment, characterization and viral susceptibility of 3 new cell lines from snakehead, Channa striatus (Blooch).","authors":"Zhengshan Zhao, Dee Montgomery-Brock, Cheng-Sheng Lee, Yuanan Lu","doi":"10.1007/s11022-004-3804-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11022-004-3804-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three cell lines were established from muscle (SHMS), heart (SHHT) and swim bladder (SHSB) of snakehead (Channa striatus). The cells grew initially at 25 degrees C in L15 medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum and have been subcultured 13-18 times since their initiation on June 25, 2002. Growth of the snakehead cells was serum-dependent and plating efficiencies ranged from 22-29%. These snakehead cells grew well in RPMI 1640 and L-15 media, which are commonly used for cultivation of animal and mammalian cells and retained 95.9-96.6% cell viability following storage for 4 months in liquid nitrogen. Karyotyping indicated that these snakehead-derived cell lines remained diploid with a chromosome count of 44 at their early passage (passage 8-14). These cell lines were sensitive to CCV, VHSV, SVCV, IPN and SHRV; they were refractory to IHNV. These newly established cell lines are currently being used for the investigation of snakehead viral diseases in Hawaii and will be available for future isolation and study of snakehead viruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":80082,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell science : an official journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology","volume":"25 3-4","pages":"155-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s11022-004-3804-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25204575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying axon guidance defects in the embryonic zebrafish brain.","authors":"Christine A Devine, Brian Key","doi":"10.1023/B:MICS.0000006851.84998.e0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MICS.0000006851.84998.e0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The method described here outlines a simple protocol to investigate the in vivo function of axon guidance molecules during the development of the embryonic zebrafish brain. By 24 hours postfertilization, a simple scaffold of axon tracts and commissures can be visualised in the brain using acetylated alpha-tubulin, a panaxonal marker that stains all axons. The highly stereotypical trajectory of axons in the embryonic zebrafish brain provides an ideal system in which to study the molecular mechanisms of axon guidance, as defects in the axon scaffold can be clearly visualised. We describe here our approach to identify defects in the trajectory of axons that establish the initial template of tracts in the embryonic fore- and mid-brain. By combining immunohistochemical techniques and confocal microscopy on dissected wholemounts of embryonic brains we are able to observe at high resolution the complete scaffold of axon tracts. This approach provides a rapid and simple means of assessing axon guidance defects in the developing brain. Given the advantages of the zebrafish as a model system, and the range of molecular perturbation methods now available, this technique provides a valuable tool for assessing the phenotypic effects of gene perturbations in a biologically relevant context.</p>","PeriodicalId":80082,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell science : an official journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology","volume":"25 1-2","pages":"33-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1023/B:MICS.0000006851.84998.e0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24177903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using the adult zebrafish visual system to study cadherin-2 expression during central nervous system regeneration.","authors":"Q Liu, R L Londraville","doi":"10.1023/B:MICS.0000006854.18378.fc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MICS.0000006854.18378.fc","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zebrafish is a good model organism for the study of vertebrate development due to numerous experimental advantages. Here we show that zebrafish are also suitable for the study of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tissue regeneration in the vertebrate central nervous system. In this report we describe simple protocols to introduce injuries to the adult zebrafish visual structures and analyze cadherin-2 expression in the regenerating visual system using immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting.</p>","PeriodicalId":80082,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell science : an official journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology","volume":"25 1-2","pages":"71-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1023/B:MICS.0000006854.18378.fc","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24177337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Model system.","authors":"Søren S L Andersen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80082,"journal":{"name":"Methods in cell science : an official journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology","volume":" ","pages":"vii-viii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24942440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}