{"title":"Implementing communication between Windows PCs and test equipment using RS-232 and Borland C++ Builder.","authors":"Axel Monteiro, Timothy R Jordan","doi":"10.3758/bf03195556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern experiments in the behavioral sciences frequently employ several items of electronic equipment such as computers, monitoring devices, stimulus presentation equipment, and response collection systems. In many cases it would be advantageous for these items to communicate directly with each other. Such communication may facilitate greater automation of experiments (i.e., reduced experimenter influences during the experiment), more precise experiment control (i.e., superior timing and synchronization capabilities of electronic devices), and greater accuracy of data collection (i.e., reduced ambiguity of participant responses). Many electronic experiment devices already provide external interfaces through which communication with other devices can be implemented. The most common is based on the RS-232 protocol, which is also found in all standard PCs. Therefore, Microsoft Windows based computers can be programmed to control experiments by communicating directly with electronic experiment devices. We show how to implement this RS-232 interconnection between devices and a Windows PC using currently available software tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":79800,"journal":{"name":"Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc","volume":"36 1","pages":"107-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3758/bf03195556","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24560481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F Xavier Alario, Ludovic Ferrand, Marina Laganaro, Boris New, Uli H Frauenfelder, Juan Segui
{"title":"Predictors of picture naming speed.","authors":"F Xavier Alario, Ludovic Ferrand, Marina Laganaro, Boris New, Uli H Frauenfelder, Juan Segui","doi":"10.3758/bf03195559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the results of a large-scale picture naming experiment in which we evaluated the potential contribution of nine theoretically relevant factors to naming latencies. The experiment included a large number of items and a large sample of participants. In order to make this experiment as similar as possible to classic picture naming experiments, participants were familiarized with the materials during a training session. Speeded naming latencies were determined by a software key on the basis of the digital recording of the responses. The effects of various variables on these latencies were assessed with multiple regression techniques, using a repeated measures design. The interpretation of the observed effects is discussed in relation to previous studies and current views on lexical access during speech production.</p>","PeriodicalId":79800,"journal":{"name":"Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc","volume":"36 1","pages":"140-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3758/bf03195559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24560484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing the informational value of parameter estimates in cognitive models.","authors":"Tom Verguts, Gert Storms","doi":"10.3758/bf03195544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mathematical models of cognition often contain unknown parameters whose values are estimated from the data. A question that generally receives little attention is how informative such estimates are. In a maximum likelihood framework, standard errors provide a measure of informativeness. Here, a standard error is interpreted as the standard deviation of the distribution of parameter estimates over multiple samples. A drawback to this interpretation is that the assumptions that are required for the maximum likelihood framework are very difficult to test and are not always met. However, at least in the cognitive science community, it appears to be not well known that standard error calculation also yields interpretable intervals outside the typical maximum likelihood framework. We describe and motivate this procedure and, in combination with graphical methods, apply it to two recent models of categorization: ALCOVE (Kruschke, 1992) and the exemplar-based random walk model (Nosofsky & Palmeri, 1997). The applications reveal aspects of these models that were not hitherto known and bring a mix of bad and good news concerning estimation of these models.</p>","PeriodicalId":79800,"journal":{"name":"Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3758/bf03195544","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24558865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrick Bonin, Bruno Boyer, Alain Méot, Michel Fayol, Sylvie Droit
{"title":"Psycholinguistic norms for action photographs in French and their relationships with spoken and written latencies.","authors":"Patrick Bonin, Bruno Boyer, Alain Méot, Michel Fayol, Sylvie Droit","doi":"10.3758/bf03195558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A set of 142 photographs of actions (taken from Fiez & Tranel, 1997) was standardized in French on name agreement, image agreement, conceptual familiarity, visual complexity, imageability, age of acquisition, and duration of the depicted actions. Objective word frequency measures were provided for the infinitive modal forms of the verbs and for the cumulative frequency of the verbal forms associated with the photographs. Statistics on the variables collected for action items were provided and compared with the statistics on the same variables collected for object items. The relationships between these variables were analyzed, and certain comparisons between the current database and other similar published databases of pictures of actions are reported. Spoken and written naming latencies were also collected for the photographs of actions, and multiple regression analyses revealed that name agreement, image agreement, and age of acquisition are the major determinants of action naming speed. Finally, certain analyses were performed to compare object and action naming times. The norms and the spoken and written naming latencies corresponding to the pictures are available on the Internet (http://www.psy.univ-bpclermont.fr/~pbonin/pbonin-eng.html) and should be of great use to researchers interested in the processing of actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":79800,"journal":{"name":"Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc","volume":"36 1","pages":"127-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3758/bf03195558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24560483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amir Ashkenazi, Michael Fritz, John Buckley, Lawrence E Marks
{"title":"The Temporal Automated System for Taste Experiments (TASTE).","authors":"Amir Ashkenazi, Michael Fritz, John Buckley, Lawrence E Marks","doi":"10.3758/bf03195552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a new, open flow device for presenting taste stimuli to human subjects under controlled conditions of timing. The device delivers each stimulus as a mist to the participant's tongue through one of 16 nozzles attached to a linear slide. Software controls the position of the slide, the duration of the stimulus, and the duration of the pre- and poststimulus water rinses and records the responses of the participant. Temporal characteristics of this system make it especially applicable to studies on the role of attention in taste perception.</p>","PeriodicalId":79800,"journal":{"name":"Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc","volume":"36 1","pages":"83-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3758/bf03195552","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24559312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Normative data for 144 compound remote associate problems.","authors":"Edward M Bowden, Mark Jung-Beeman","doi":"10.3758/bf03195543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have developed and tested 144 compound remote associate problems. Across eight experiments, 289 participants were given four time limits (2 sec, 7 sec, 15 sec, or 30 sec) for solving each problem. This paper provides a brief overview of the problems and normative data regarding the percentage of participants solving, and mean time-to-solution for, each problem at each time limit. These normative data can be used in selecting problems on the basis of difficulty or mean time necessary for reaching a solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":79800,"journal":{"name":"Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc","volume":"35 4","pages":"634-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3758/bf03195543","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24185713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"QMLE: fast, robust, and efficient estimation of distribution functions based on quantiles.","authors":"Scott Brown, Andrew Heathcote","doi":"10.3758/bf03195527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantile maximum likelihood (QML) is an estimation technique, proposed by Heathcote, Brown, and Mewhort (2002), that provides robust and efficient estimates of distribution parameters, typically for response time data, in sample sizes as small as 40 observations. In view of the computational difficulty inherent in implementing QML, we provide open-source Fortran 90 code that calculates QML estimates for parameters of the ex-Gaussian distribution, as well as standard maximum likelihood estimates. We show that parameter estimates from QML are asymptotically unbiased and normally distributed. Our software provides asymptotically correct standard error and parameter intercorrelation estimates, as well as producing the outputs required for constructing quantile-quantile plots. The code is parallelizable and can easily be modified to estimate parameters from other distributions. Compiled binaries, as well as the source code, example analysis files, and a detailed manual, are available for free on the Internet.</p>","PeriodicalId":79800,"journal":{"name":"Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc","volume":"35 4","pages":"485-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3758/bf03195527","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24184750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computing measures of simplicity of fit for loadings in factor-analytically derived scales.","authors":"James S Fleming","doi":"10.3758/bf03195531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A very simple structure is sought when factor analysis is used to develop measurement scales. The SIMLOAD program computes measures of factorial simplicity for rows and columns of loading matrices (usually the factor pattern) as well as some overall measures. These include Kaiser's (1974) index of factorial simplicity for variables (rows), the author's scale fit index for factors (columns), Bentler's (1977) scale-free matrix measure, and hyperplane counts. Routine use of these measures is recommended for multifactor scale development. The measures may also be useful in more general factor applications and in confirmatory as well as exploratory analyses. SIMLOAD also computes factor scale intercorrelations, scale alpha coefficients (including alpha when an item is removed), and sorted loadings for ease of interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":79800,"journal":{"name":"Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc","volume":"35 4","pages":"520-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3758/bf03195531","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24185274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GGUMLINK: a computer program to link parameter estimates of the generalized graded unfolding model from item response theory.","authors":"James S Roberts, Chun-Wei Huang","doi":"10.3758/bf03195532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The generalized graded unfolding model (GGUM) is an item response theory (IRT) model that implements symmetric, nonmonotonic, single-peaked item characteristic curves. The GGUM is appropriate for measuring individual differences for a variety of psychological constructs, especially attitudes. Like other IRT models, the location and scale (i.e., the metric) of parameter estimates from the GGUM are data dependent. Therefore, parameter estimates from alternative calibrations will generally not be comparable, even when responses to the same items are analyzed. GGUMLINK is a computer program developed to reexpress parameter estimates from two separate GGUM calibrations in a common metric. In this way, the results from separate calibrations of model parameters can be compared. GGUMLINK can secure a common metric by using one of five methods that have recently been generalized to the GGUM. The GGUMLINK executable program is available free and may be downloaded from http://www.education.umd.edu/EDMS.</p>","PeriodicalId":79800,"journal":{"name":"Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc","volume":"35 4","pages":"525-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3758/bf03195532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24185215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation of the MIRID: a program and a SAS-based approach.","authors":"Dirk J M Smits, Paul De Boeck, Norman D Verhelst","doi":"10.3758/bf03195533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03195533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The MIRID CML program is a program for the estimation of the parameter values of two different componential IRT models: the Rasch-MIRID and the OPLM-MIRID (Butter, 1994; Butter, De Boeck, & Verhelst, 1998). To estimate the parameters of both models, the program uses a CML approach. The model parameters can also be estimated with a MML approach that can be implemented in PROC NLMIXED of SAS Version 8. Both the MIRID CML program and the MML SAS approach are explained and compared in a simulation study. The results showed that they did about equally well in estimating the values of the item parameters but that there were some differences in the estimation of the person parameters, as could be expected from the differential assumptions regarding the distribution of the persons. The SAS MML approach is much slower than the MIRID CML program, but it is more flexible.</p>","PeriodicalId":79800,"journal":{"name":"Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc","volume":"35 4","pages":"537-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3758/bf03195533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24185216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}