Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control最新文献

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance in the Nordics: mapping existing surveillance systems and assessing the impact of COVID-19 using regression models.","authors":"Tam T Tran, Adriana Krolicka, Ananda Tiwari, Tarja Pitkänen, Rolf Lood, Ásta Margrét Ásmundsdóttir, Odd-Gunnar Wikmark","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01552-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01552-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic constituted the largest global health crisis in recent generations. It may also have disrupted the pattern of antimicrobial use (AMU) and subsequently affected the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) - a grave human health concern. This study aimed to give an overview of existing AMR surveillance systems and evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on AMU and AMR in the Nordics using data from these systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nordic AMU data (2017-2022) were extracted from national annual reports (for both humans and animals) and the European Surveillance System (TESSy) (for humans only). For humans, AMU was expressed in defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day; for animals, it was expressed in kilogram (kg). Nordic human AMR data (2017-2022) were extracted from TESSy. Multilevel linear regression and negative binomial regression models were used to fit the TESSy data. Data between 2017 and 2019 were categorised as the pre-COVID-19 time, while data between 2020 and 2022 were the per-COVID-19 time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Denmark had a remarkably greater AMU in animals (about 10 times greater) than Norway, Sweden, and Finland. Iceland had the highest human AMU, while Sweden had the lowest. Drug categories, countries, and sectors were significant predictors in the model used to fit human AMU. Bacterial species and drug categories were significant predictors in the models used to fit human resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The COVID-19 time was not a significant predictor in these models. Among the Nordics, Iceland had the lowest number of resistant isolates; however, high human AMU remains a great concern for Iceland.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study provided insight into current existing AMR surveillance systems in the Nordics. It also showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had very little impact on AMU and AMR in theses countries. This implied that strict regulations on AMU as well as well-coordinated national AMR surveillance systems in the Nordics mitigated the development of AMR crisis also during COVID-19 pandemic. However, the Nordics would still benefit further from a standardized AMR surveillance at regional level, which ultimately facilitate timely information sharing and improve our preparedness for and response to future pandemics and/or large-scale outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neglected model validation of antimicrobial resistance transmission models - a systematic review.","authors":"Maja L Brinch, Andrea Palladino, Jeroen Geurtsen, Thierry Van Effelterre, Lorenzo Argante, Michael J McConnell, Lene Christiansen, Michelle A Pihl, Natasja K Lund, Tine Hald","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01574-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01574-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the fight against antimicrobial resistance, mathematical transmission models have been shown as a valuable tool to guide intervention strategies in public health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review investigates the persistence of modelling gaps identified in earlier studies. It expands the scope to include a broader range of control measures, such as monoclonal antibodies, and examines the impact of secondary infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Gaps in model focus areas, dynamics, and reporting were identified and described. The TRACE paradigm was applied to selected models to discuss model development and documentation to guide future modelling efforts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 170 transmission studies from 2010 to May 2022; Mycobacterium tuberculosis (n = 39) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 27) resistance transmission were most commonly modelled, focusing on multi-drug and methicillin resistance, respectively. Forty-one studies examined multiple interventions, predominantly drug therapy and vaccination, showing an increasing trend. Most studies were population-based compartmental models (n = 112). The TRACE framework was applied to 39 studies, showing a general lack of description of test and verification of modelling software and comparison of model outputs with external data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite efforts to model antimicrobial resistance and prevention strategies, significant gaps in scope, geographical coverage, drug-pathogen combinations, and viral-bacterial dynamics persist, along with inadequate documentation, hindering model updates and consistent outcomes for policymakers. This review highlights the need for robust modelling practices to enable model refinement as new data becomes available. Particularly, new data for validating modelling outcomes should be a focal point in future modelling research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural differences in attitudes towards surgical site infections among French anesthetists and surgeons in digestive surgery in 2022.","authors":"Antoine Deslandes, Niki Christou, Patrice Baillet, Joseph Hajjar, Philippe Marre, Hubert Johanet, Marc Leone, Gabriel Birgand","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01576-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01576-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although it generates a significant burden, little attention has been paid to preventing Surgical Site Infection (SSI) in digestive surgery.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explored the factors underpinning anesthetists' and surgeons' attitudes toward SSI prevention in digestive surgery, focusing on their perceptions of SSI, preventive measures, guidelines, and cooperation across both specialties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 surgeons and 19 anesthetists working in digestive surgery. Participants were approached through established mailing lists and snowball sampling. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and analyzed thematically using a constant comparative approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SSI in digestive surgery was perceived as an inevitable consequence and ranked down in the priorities of surgeons. A paradox existed between the low consideration of superficial infections that are easily manageable through antibiotics and the strong awareness of the antibiotic resistance threat. Global trust appeared regarding the guidelines, but a knowledge gap of the guidelines was observed among surgeons in comparison with anesthetists. SSI ownership was perceived as collective, but the responsibility belonged to the surgeon alone. Surgeons focused on actions and short-term tasks within a culture of individualism, whereas anesthetists worked collectively with systemic approaches. Overall, the cooperation between both specialties was positive, but tightly reliant on teamwork, workload, and organization in the operating theatre.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The cultural differences between surgeons and anesthetists should be recognized as a key overarching factor in defining their respective roles in the prevention of SSI and in establishing accountability in digestive surgery - including aspects such as adherence to guidelines, and the implementation of preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of collaborative investigation by hospital infection control, public health services and a national reference laboratory during an increase in puerperal sepsis.","authors":"Irene V Hoogendijk, Diane de Zwart-Slats, Stefan A Boers, Boas C L van der Putten, Nina M van Sorge, Bibi D H Molenaar, Myrthe M A Toorop, Marieke B Veenhof, Karin Ellen Veldkamp, Adriënne S van der Schoor, Joffrey van Prehn","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01564-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01564-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In a Dutch tertiary care hospital, two cases of puerperal sepsis were diagnosed within 16 days in June-July 2022. The subsequent outbreak investigation emphasizes the value of collaboration between hospital infection control, regional public health services (PHS) and a national reference laboratory. The aim was to identify possible causes of this increase to prevent further cases of puerperal sepsis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hospital infection control identified a group of puerperal sepsis cases clustered within the last year in the hospital, a cluster caused by S. pyogenes emm12.0. The hospital and PHS performed contact tracing of cases and HCW involved, investigating epidemiological links, and screening of HCW. The Netherlands Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis (NRLBM) identified additional regional cases. Subsequently, whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis was performed on clinical, HCW and regional S. pyogenes isolates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four maternity ward patients were diagnosed with puerperal sepsis caused by S. pyogenes emm12.0 between April and November 2022. Although no additional epidemiological links were identified, all four cases resided within a 6.6 km radius. WGS analysis showed that the four cases were part of an 11-case cluster. Screening of HCW (n = 197) identified two individuals carrying clonally related S. pyogenes isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collaboration between hospital, PHS, and NRLBM resulted in an overview of possible epidemiological links. Centralized collection of iGAS case information and strain typing are critical to place hospital clusters in the context of local epidemiology. An increase in healthcare-associated infections may not necessarily imply in-hospital transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for household colonization by extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant enterobacterales (ESCrE) in Botswana.","authors":"Sukaina Shivji, Naledi Mannathoko, Mosepele Mosepele, Robert Gross, Leigh Cressman, Anne Jaskowiak-Barr, Warren B Bilker, Kevin Alby, Laurel Glaser, Melissa Richard-Greenblatt, Laura Cowden, Alexa Patel, Kgotlaetsile Sewawa, Dimpho Otukile, Giacomo Maria Paganotti, Margaret Mokomane, Evan Snitkin, Ebbing Lautenbach","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01581-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01581-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The epidemiology of community colonization with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (ESCrE) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is largely uncharacterized. In the community, the household is of particular importance. Identifying risk factors for household ESCrE colonization is critical to inform antibiotic resistance reduction strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were enrolled at 6 clinics in Botswana. All participants had rectal swabs collected for selective plating and confirmation of ESCrE. Data were collected on demographics, comorbidities, antibiotic use, healthcare exposures, travel, and farm/animal contact. Households were considered exposed if any member had the exposure of interest. Households with ESCrE colonization (cases) were compared to non-colonized households (controls) to identify risk factors for household ESCrE colonization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1/1/20 - 9/4/20, 327 households were enrolled. The median (IQR) number of people enrolled per household was 3 (2-4) ranging from 2 to 10. The median (IQR) age of subjects was 18 years (5-34) and 304 (93%) households included at least one child. Of 327 households, 176 (54%) had at least one household member colonized with ESCrE. Independent risk factors [adj OR (95%CI)] for household colonization were: (1) horse/donkey exposure [2.32 (1.05, 5.10)]; (2) yogurt consumption [1.73 (1.04, 2.88)]; (3) region [2.83 (1.48,5.43)]; and (4) enrollment during pre-COVID lockdown [2.90 (1.66, 5.05)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ESCrE household colonization was common with evidence of geographic variability as well as a possible role of animal exposure. The role of yogurt exposure requires further study with consideration of source (commercial, homemade). Further prospective studies of household ESCrE colonization with longitudinal assessments of exposures are required to identify effective prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole genome sequence analysis reveals limited diversity among Clostridioides difficile ribotype 027 and 078 isolates collected in 22 hospitals in Berlin and Brandenburg, Germany.","authors":"Esther E Dirks, Vanessa Pfiffer, Genevieve Sohl, Fabian K Berger, Ina Friesen, Johannes Friesen, Ralf Ignatius, Johannes Elias, Alexander Mellmann, Mardjan Arvand","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01565-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01565-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) present significant health risks and are among the most important nosocomial infections. Ribotype (RT) 027 poses a particular risk due to its proposed \"hypervirulence\". Traditionally, C. difficile isolates are characterized using PCR-ribotyping. More recently, whole genome sequence (WGS) analysis is increasingly used, which may provide a higher discriminatory power. This study aimed to assess the distribution of different C. difficile RTs in hospitals in the Berlin-Brandenburg area, and to analyse the heterogeneity within isolates of different ribotypes using WGS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between February 2020 and November 2021, stool samples from patients with laboratory-confirmed CDI were collected from 22 hospitals (approximately 13,900 beds) in Berlin and Brandenburg. Toxigenic isolates (n = 476) were further characterized by ribotyping, antibiotic susceptibility testing, toxinotyping, and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-five different RTs were detected, with RT014 (16.1%), RT027 (12.8%), and RT001 (7.6%) being the most prevalent. RT027 isolates exhibited resistance to several antibiotics. Further, cgMLST analysis revealed very close genetic relatedness between RT027 isolates despite being epidemiologically unrelated. Similar findings of a monomorphic population were observed for RT078 isolates. In contrast, other RTs showed a heterogenic population structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides first insights into the distribution of C. difficile genotypes, corresponding antimicrobial resistance, and clonal relatedness using cgMLST, highlighting RT027 as the second most common genotype for the studied area. For the monomorphic RT027 and RT078 populations, new definitions of clonal relatedness might be necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation and control of two consecutive Serratia marcescens outbreaks linked to reusable LigaSure devices in an operating room.","authors":"Mahsa Mazaheri Tirani, Samaneh Pourajam, Vajihe Sadat Nikbin, Mohammad Shirzadi, Hamid Solgi","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01570-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01570-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serratia marcescens is an opportunistic gram-negative bacterium that is commonly associated with sudden outbreaks of various healthcare-associated infections in healthcare settings. This study describes two consecutive mini-outbreaks of S. marcescens in an operating room following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between December 16 and 26, 2020, five patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy at a university hospital were re-admitted with clinical symptoms. An investigation by the infection control team was conducted to identify the source. Environmental and instrument samples were collected, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. Molecular typing using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was conducted to assess the genetic relatedness of the isolates. Infection control interventions were implemented during the outbreak.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>During this period, four of the five patients tested positive for S. marcescens. A total of 31 surveillance samples were collected, isolates from the handle of one LigaSure and the grasper of another were also positive for S. marcescens. PFGE revealed two distinct clones, indicating two separate outbreaks. Four of the six isolates from samples of patients and environment were the same, while two isolates belonging to another clone were collected from the blood samples of patients. After discontinuation of the reused LigaSure devices and implementation of strict infection control measures, no new cases were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The two consecutive S. marcescens outbreaks were linked to the reuse of inadequately sterilized LigaSure devices. The implementation of targeted infection control measures successfully halted further transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12090382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for Clostridioides difficile infection caused by ribotype 027 strains in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System: a matched case-control study.","authors":"Sandra Y Silva, Brigid M Wilson, Curtis J Donskey","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01571-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01571-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In case-control studies, a variety of factors have been associated with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) due to the epidemic ribotype 027 strain. However, many studies have been limited due to small sample size and inclusion of only one facility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a nationwide cohort of hospitalized patients in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare System, we conducted a retrospective, 1:3 matched case-control study of patients with CDI due to the ribotype 027 strain versus non-027 strains from October 1, 2008, to September 30, 2020. Controls were matched to cases by health care facility and year of diagnosis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for CDI due to the 027 strain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3,353 cases were matched to 10,059 controls in 84 VA facilities. CDI due to the ribotype 027 strain was independently associated with prior macrolide or fluoroquinolone exposure, decreased functional capability, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization, age >65 years, white blood cell count >11,000 cells/mm³, and serum albumin < 3.5 g/dl.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antimicrobial stewardship interventions focused on fluoroquinolones and macrolides could be beneficial in reducing the risk for infection due to the ribotype 027 C. difficile strain. Several other factors could potentially be used to identify patients at increased risk for CDI due to the ribotype 027 strain, but further studies are needed to assess their utility in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of antibiotic use for acute upper respiratory infections in Chinese emergency departments and the impact of COVID-19: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Tingxi Wu, Tongxu Li, Heng Guo, Bin Zhu, Yang Zhang, Zhigang Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01567-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01567-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The emergence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted antibiotic use; however, studies on antibiotic use for acute upper respiratory infections (AURIs) in Chinese emergency department (ED) settings are still scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore trends and patterns in antibiotic use and the impact of COVID-19 in Chinese ED settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, retrospective analysis was conducted using prescriptions for ED visits due to AURIs through the Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperative Project Database between 2018 and 2023. We examined patterns of antibiotic use for AURIs and employed an interrupted time series analysis to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic use. The proportion of antibiotic prescriptions adhering to first-line guideline recommendations was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,972,270 prescriptions for AURIs from 108 hospitals in EDs were extracted. The antibiotic prescription rate (APR) was 58.44%. The predominant antibiotics prescribed for AURIs were second- and third-generation cephalosporins and azithromycin. Among these prescriptions, only 22.26% adhered to first-line guideline recommendations, while 83.82% involved Watch-group antibiotics. A substantial decrease in antibiotic consumption was observed at the onset of the pandemic, but no significant changes were found in the APR. After the relaxation of anti-COVID-19 measures, both antibiotic consumption and the APR exhibited an upward trend. However, neither returned to pre-pandemic levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antibiotic use for AURIs was prevalent in ED settings, with a predominant use of broad-spectrum and Watch-group antibiotics. After the lifting of pandemic control measures, both antibiotic consumption and the APR exhibited an upward trend, underscoring the need to reinforce antimicrobial stewardship, particular targeting broad-spectrum and Watch-group antibiotic use.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quick and dirty: improper glove use increases infection risk and has global consequences.","authors":"Alexandra Peters, Martina Močenić, Alberto Spitilli, Sally Bloomfield, Mahmood F Bhutta","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01563-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01563-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of disposable gloves and the discovery that good hand hygiene are essential for protecting patients are among the most important developments in the history of infection prevention and control, and are both essential for protecting patients and healthcare workers. Although there are international-level guidelines for glove use and hand hygiene during patient care, there are major issues concerning compliance. The overuse of gloving does not only contribute to reduced patient safety and increased healthcare-associated infections, but leads directly to environmental degradation and labor rights abuses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}