Annals of Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Reported Mammography Screening Interval by Age Among U.S. Women: A National Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Meehir N Dixit, Emily A Wolfson, Gianna M Aliberti, Mara A Schonberg","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-03325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-24-03325","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excess Mortality Rate in Black Children Since 1950 in the United States: A 70-Year Population-Based Study of Racial Inequalities.","authors":"Angel Paternina-Caicedo, Oscar Espinosa, Sangini S Sheth, Nathaniel Hupert, Soroush Saghafian","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-24-02794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Black Americans have lower wealth, income, and education and higher mortality rates than White Americans, especially during childhood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To document the extent and persistence of excess infant and childhood mortality in Black Americans between 1950 and 2019.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Population-based surveillance study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The United States of America.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>The entire population of the United States.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>The investigators analyzed mortality data collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Census Bureau from 1950 to 2019 and calculated mortality rates, life expectancy, and years of potential life lost for White and Black Americans to estimate the absolute and relative sex- and age-specific excess mortality burden among Black Americans compared with White Americans.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The gaps in absolute life expectancy and age-standardized mortality between Black and White Americans decreased over the 70-year period beginning in 1950, but relative mortality in infants and children increased during this same period. The mortality rates in the 1950s for White and Black infants were 2703 and 5181 deaths per 100 000 persons, respectively, for an excess mortality ratio of 1.92 (95% CI, 1.91 to 1.93). In the 2010s, the mortality rates were 499 deaths per 100 000 persons in White infants and 1073 deaths per 100 000 persons in Black infants, for an excess mortality ratio of 2.15 (CI, 2.13 to 2.17). A total of 5.0 million excess deaths of Black Americans (including 522 617 infants) could have been avoided during these 7 decades if their mortality rates were equal to those of White Americans.</p><p><strong>Limitation: </strong>The effect of health inequities was measured without inquiring about the causes of these differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Black infants, children, and adults have experienced persistent excess mortality in the United States since the 1950s relative to the White population.</p><p><strong>Primary funding source: </strong>None.</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mammography Screening by Age in the United States-Too Little <i>and</i> Too Much?","authors":"Amy Trentham-Dietz, Brian L Sprague","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-25-00477","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web Exclusive. Annals Video Summary - Pharmacologic Treatment of Acute Episodic Migraine Headache.","authors":"","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00426-VS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-25-00426-VS","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"e2500426VS"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary for Patients: Pharmacologic Treatments of Acute Episodic Migraine Headache in Outpatient Settings.","authors":"","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-03095-PS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-24-03095-PS","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web Exclusive. Annals Video Summary - Acute Pain Management in People With Opioid Use Disorder: A Systematic Review.","authors":"","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00448-VS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-25-00448-VS","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"e2500448VS"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Anticoagulation Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19.","authors":"","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-25-00916","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Acute Pain Management for Patients With Opioid Use Disorder.","authors":"Theresa E Vettese, Meredith Trubitt","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-25-00410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Pain Management in People With Opioid Use Disorder : A Systematic Review.","authors":"Michele J Buonora, Katherine Mackey, Laila Khalid, Thomas R Hickey, Alyssa A Grimshaw, Max Moss, Joanna L Starrels, Daniel P Alford, William C Becker, Melissa B Weimer","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-01917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-24-01917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Guidance on acute pain management among people with opioid use disorder (OUD) is limited.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To synthesize evidence on the benefits and harms of acute pain interventions among people with OUD.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>APA PsycArticles, APA PsycInfo, APA PsycExtra, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Ovid Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and the Web of Science Core Collection through 7 July 2024.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Studies of any design that evaluated acute pain interventions among adults with OUD and included pain or OUD outcomes.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Independent dual screening, single-investigator data extraction with verification, and dual quality and strength of evidence assessment.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>Seventeen trials, 20 controlled observational studies, and 78 uncontrolled observational studies met eligibility criteria. Continuing use of buprenorphine during acute pain episodes may be associated with similar or improved pain-related outcomes versus discontinuing, based on cohort studies conducted primarily in perioperative settings. Single well-conducted randomized controlled trials in emergency department (ED) or perioperative settings in adults not prescribed medications for OUD suggest oral clonidine, intramuscular haloperidol and midazolam with intravenous (IV) morphine, and intraoperative IV lidocaine may improve pain outcomes and warrant study in diverse patient populations. Few studies evaluated methadone or the effect of interventions on OUD outcomes.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Most evidence is observational and at risk of bias due to confounding. All studies were conducted in ED or hospital settings, most before widespread use of high-potency synthetic opioids or among non-U.S. populations using opium.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The overall evidence for pain outcomes in people with OUD is low. The effect of pain interventions on OUD outcomes is an important evidence gap.</p><p><strong>Primary funding source: </strong>None. (Protocol registered a priori on Open Science Framework [https://osf.io/25hbs]).</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' Values and Preferences Regarding the Pharmacologic Treatment of Acute Episodic Migraine : A Rapid Review.","authors":"Kylie Thaler, Camilla Neubauer-Bruckner, Johanna Feyertag, Arianna Gadinger, Emma Persad, Andrea Chapman, Gernot Wagner, Irma Klerings, Gerald Gartlehner","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-24-02203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding patients' values and preferences is essential for guideline development.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify and synthesize evidence on patients' values and preferences for the American College of Physicians (ACP) clinical guideline on the pharmacologic treatment of acute attacks of episodic migraine.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>MEDLINE (Ovid) and CINAHL (EBSCO) were searched from inception to October 2024, and backward citation searches on pertinent publications were performed.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Reviewers dually screened abstracts and articles.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>One reviewer performed data extraction, and a second team member checked for accuracy. Risk of bias was assessed in the included studies dually.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>The data were synthesized narratively and the certainty of evidence (COE) was assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) and GRADE-CERQual (GRADE-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research) guidance. Of 2243 references screened, we included 16 quantitative studies and 1 qualitative study. Effectiveness for pain was rated as more important than avoiding harms (moderate COE) or treating accompanying symptoms (moderate COE). Both effectiveness for pain and avoiding harms were more important than other attributes such as convenience or route of administration (moderate COE). Relieving nausea and vomiting was more important than other accompanying symptoms, such as photophobia (moderate COE). Cost was not important (moderate COE).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The choices in the included studies differed, making synthesis difficult and reducing certainty. Generalizability is limited because the included studies span 29 years and included patients of average age 35 to 47 years. Potential variation between patients was not captured.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients value effectiveness for pain foremost, and avoiding harm is more important than other treatment attributes.</p><p><strong>Primary funding source: </strong>American College of Physicians. (PROSPERO: CRD42023464889).</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}